By: Enrique Matthews

1. Qué vs. Cuál 2. Transitional Words 3. Ser 4. Gustar 5. Estar 6. Imperfect Verbs 7. Trigger words 8. Acabar de … 9. Hacer Expressions 10. Verbos Como Gustar 11. Reflexivos 12. Tú Commands 13. DOP Placement 14. Preterite

Qué Cuál

“What” “Which”

Used when asking for definitions Formal

Most often used before nouns Used before nouns

Informal Used before ser when not asking a definition

No No

O Or

Pero But

También Also

y And

Ni Neither

E And

Que What

Yo Soy Nosotros Somos

Tū Eres Vosotros Sois

Ēl/Ella/Usted-es Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes- Son-Means to be

Descriptions Un Libro

Origin Mexico

Characteristics Gordo

Time Es La Una

Occupation Doctor

Relationships Es Hermana

Possession La Camiseta

Events La Fiesta

Dates Miercoles

Means “To Like”

Me Nos

Te Os

Le Les

Indirect Pronouns

Gustar Conjugation

Gusto Gustamos

Gustas Gustáis

Gusta Gustan

-Gustar conjugation describes what is being liked-EX- Me gustas tū.(Gustas modifies tū, instead of Me)

Health

Bien

Mal

Emotions

Enojada

Triste

Locations

La Oficina

La Casa

Present Condition

Abierto

Cerrado

ING

To be JumpING

AR-Ando

IR-Iendo

Er-Iendo

-ar -er -ir

Yo -aba -ía -ía

Tú -abas -ías -ías

Él/ella/usted -aba -ía -ía

Nosotros -ábamaos -íamos -íamos

Vosotros -abais -íais -íais

Ellos/ellas/ustedes -aban -ían -ían

Triggers Meaning

Todos Los Dīas Every day

A menudo Often

A Veces Sometimes

Siempre Always

Cada Dīa Everyday

Los Lunes Mondays

Generalmente Generally

Mientras While

De Vez En Cuando Occasionally

Muchas Veces Often

Frecuentemente Frequently

- Trigger words signal the use of an imperfect verb

Means to have just done something

Acabar de Infinitive

Never conjugate infinitive, only acabar

Acabo Acabamos

Acabas acabáis,

Acaba Acaban

Nosotros acabamos de leer el libro.We just read the book.

Hacer + Time + Que + Conjugated Verb

Used to tell how much time you have done something

EX:

Hace un año que estudio español.I have been studying Spanish for one year.

Hace dos años que ellas estudian inglés.They have been studying English for two years.

Verbo Meaning

Gustar To Like

Disgustar To Dislike

Faltar To Fail

Molestar To Disturb

Doler To Hurt

Encantar To Love

Importar To Matter

-Verb is conjugated to modify the object of the sentence, not the subjectEX: Me gustan los libros.

Gustar in the 3rd plural is conjugated for los libros, 3rd Plural

Verb that reverts back to the subject with the action

Me Nos

Te Os

Se Se

- Yo me visto.- I dress MYSELF. Tu te lavas.

-you dress yourself.

Tu Affiramtive Tu Negative

Make ver into Tú form then drop the “s” and add the DOP to the word-Comer->Comes->Come->¡Comelo!Eat It!

Put verb into first person, then switch vowels, then add an “s”-the DOP has to be before the conjugated verb.Comer->Como->Coma->Comas¡No Lo Comas!Do not eat it!

Ar->e ER/IR->a

Irregulares

DiHazVePonSalSèTenVen

No DigasNo HagasNo VenyasNo PongasNo SalgasNo SeasNo TengasNo Vengas

Me Nos

Te Os

Lo/La Los/Las

-When you change syllabification put „ on third to last syllable

1.Infinitive-Comerlo2.Affiramtive Command- Cómelo3.Present Proggresive- Está

Comiendolo

Preterite tense is a tense that shows past actions that have been completed before the present time.

Endings:AR ER/IR

é í

aste iste

ó ió

amos imos

asteis isteis

aron ieron