Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives

Metadata for web ontologies and rules:

current practi ces and perspecti ves

Carlos Tejo-Alonso, Diego Berrueta, Luis Polo and Sergio Fernández

Context

<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Bicycle ">

<rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;Class"/><rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Vehicle"/>

<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bicycle</rdfs:label><dct:description xml:lang="en">Vehicle consisting of two wheels held in a frame one behind other, propelled by pedals</dct:description><dc:creator>Iván Mínguez</dc:creator>

</rdf:Description>

logic

annotation

Motivation to annotate

• Facilitate search

• Improve exchange and reuse

• Link them to the natural language

• Generate reference documentation

Overview

• Current ontology & rule metadata usage

• Proposed vocabulary to annotate rules

• Parrot, a documentation tool for ontologies and rules

• Conclusions/Future Work

Metadata vocabularies

• General purpose: DC, SKOS or RDFS– dc:creator, skos:prefLabel, rdfs:comment

• For ontologies: OWL– owl:versionInfo

• For rules: no specific vocabulary (with significant adoption)

Ontology metadata study

Ontology metadata study

• Massive use of RDF Schema(label & comment)

• Property synonymydc:description rdfs:commentdct:description skos:definition

• Absence of:– multimedia– legal rights and license information– expressive multilingual metadata

Rule metadata: a proposalMetadata Recommended propertiesLabeling dc:title, dct:title, rdfs:label,

skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel

Authoring foaf:maker, dc:creator, dc:contributor, dc:publisher, dct:creator, dct:contributor, dct:publisher

Description dc:description, dct:description, rdfs:comment, skos:definition, skos:example, skos:note

Multimedia foaf:depiction, og:video

Versioning owl:versionInfo, dct:hasVersion, skos:changeNote

Rights dc:rights, dct:license

Date dc:date, dct:issued, dct:modified

Documentation dct:source, rdfs:seeAlso, rdfs:isDefinedBy

Annotated rule (example)(* ex:rule ex:rule [

rdfs:label -> “Example Rule”@endc:creator -> “Luis Polo”dc:date -> “1981-01-20”og:video -> <http://youtu.be/5h10QHpA5EU>dct:publisher -> http://ontorule-project.eu] *)

Forall ?person ?age ( If And( ?person #foaf :Person

?person [foaf:age -> ?age] External(pred:numeric-less-than(?age 18))

)Then Do( Assert(?person#ex:Under18Person) )

logic

annotation

Report

Parrot overview

• Multimedia-rich, customizable reports for humans

• Supports multiple metadata

• Combination of rules and ontologies

• Supports multilingual annotations

OWL

RIF

Parrot usage

Web service

Eclipse plugin

Command Line Interface

Parrot DEMO

http://ontorule-project.eu/parrot

Conclusions

• Ontology metadata exists in the wild, but there is still room for improvement

• Metadata facilitate rule exchange between Business Rules Management System

• We expect to impact on the quality and quantity of the metadata annotations in rules and ontologies

Future work

• To expand the analysis to large ontologies

• To account the use of metadata in RIF documents as they become available

• To extend proposal of rule metadata properties as new requirements arise

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ockam/2591316903/

Thanks for your attention

contact: carlos.tejo@fundacionctic.org

About this presentation

Fifth Metadata and Semantics Research

Conference (MTSR 2011)12-14 October 2011

Yaşar University, Izmir – TURKEYhttp://mtsr2011.yasar.edu.tr

AcknowledgementsThis work has been partially supported by the European

Commission under ONTORULE project