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Ontologies, metadata, controlled vocabularies museumsdat as exchange format museumsdat as exchange format Workshop on Indexing and Investigation of ArtistsWorkshop on Indexing and Investigation of Artists Publications Neues Museum Weserburg Bremen November 14th, 2009 Jörn Sieglerschmidt Bibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg

Ontologies, metadata, controlled vocabularies - OPUS 4 · Ontologies, metadata, controlled vocabularies museumsdat as exchange formatas exchange format ... Metadata, ontologi es,

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Ontologies, metadata, controlled vocabulariesmuseumsdat as exchange formatmuseumsdat as exchange format

Workshop on Indexing and Investigation of Artists’Workshop on Indexing and Investigation of Artists Publications

Neues Museum Weserburg BremenNovember 14th, 2009

Jörn SieglerschmidtBibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg

Three general remarks about documentation

The kind of documentation is dependent on its purposes. Order is not an end in itselfend in itself.

Questions of documentation are never of an ideological but of a pragmaticQuestions of documentation are never of an ideological, but of a pragmatic kind.

Documentation should serve only (and exactly only) one aim: theDocumentation should serve only (and exactly only) one aim: the enhancement of the retrieval of knowledge relevant to your daily work.

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 2

Overview and purposes of ordering devices

Ontologies, Metadata schemas other (tagged)

Syntax / Grammarschemas, other (tagged) formats

Semantics Vocabulary: thesauriSemantics Vocabulary: thesauri, classifications, word nets Semiosis Interpretant

Pragmatics Data: databases, files

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 3

Tagging a file

üpoadfgölkjuzwrem xycvoi wrm,n<cxyoiw eremnb<ycgwer,mnbfvbdölkaejhgfqertzhlj

phrase match in a character stringphrase match in a character string

üpoadfg§ölkjuzwrem xycvoi &wrm,n<cxyoiw ermnb<ycgwer,§mnbfvbdölk &aejhgfqer

simple tags: §, &

üpoadf§RoleActorölkjuzw&wrm n<cxyoiw eremnb<ycgwer §NameActormnbfvbdölk&üpoadf§RoleActorölkjuzw&wrm,n<cxyoiw eremnb<ycgwer,§NameActormnbfvbdölk&

complex tags with initial and final tag

<museumdat:RoleActorölkjuzw/museumdat:RoleActor>rem xycvoiwrm,ncxyoiw gwer, <museumdat:NameActormnbfvbdölk/museumdat:NameActor>aejhgfqertzhlj

XML tags

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 4

Documentation languages

► Documentation languages:A documentation language is a set of terms which are used for theA documentation language is a set of terms which are used for the description of documents following prescribed rules in order to store and retrieve documents.

► Thesaurus► ThesaurusA thesaurus is a set of controlled terms regarding synonymy, homonymy, and polysemy. In each term set a preferred term must be defined. Terms are related by subordination (narower term), superordination (broader term) and similarity (related term). The relationsships could be expressed by a polyhierarchy or a p p y p y ymonohierarchy.

► ClassificationA classification is a system of abstract, hierarchically ordered classes of concepts, types or categories. Each class is labelled by a notation, a unique identifier normally used for shelving.

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 5

, q y g

poly- vs. monohierarchy

function part of body age gender

clothingclothing

swimming head children mensleeping

protectionprofessional

feet

professionalleisure

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 6

Automatic indexing vs. controlled vocabulary

1. Reliability of automatic indexing

2 R li bili f ll d b l

persons

2. Reliability of controlled vocabulary

pplacestimes subject headings of national libraries

things

unique reference to an individual concept

reference tosynonyms, polysems, homonyms

reference tobroader, narrower,similar concepts

ltili lit

y p

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 7

multilinguality

Thesaurus: RAMEAU

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 8

Thesaurus: Library of Congress Subject authority headings

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 9

Thesaurus: Library of Congress Subject authority headings

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 10

LC Subject Headings: Concept Details and Visualization

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 11

Thesaurus: Subject headings LC

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 12

Subject headings of the German National Library

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 13

OPAC of the Southwestern Union Catalogue

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 14

Descriptor and Wikipedia entry

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 15

J. Paul Getty Trust: Research Institute, Vocabulary Program

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 16

Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN)

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 17

Arts and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT)

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 18

Union List of Artist Names (ULAN)

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 19

Iconclass: iconographic classification

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 20

Iconclass.org

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 21

Iconclass.nl: browser

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 22

Iconclass: Abstract, non-representational art

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 23

Iconclass: Meteorological phenomena, rain

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 24

Iconclass: Query for rain

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 25

Dublin Core Metadata Element Set: ISO 15836

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 26

Dublin Core Metadata Element Set

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 27

Comité International pour la documentation (CIDOC): CRM

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 28

Conceptual Reference Model

► Comité International pour la documentation (CIDOC)/ Conseil international des Musées/ International Council of Museums (ICOM)

► ISO 21127: 84 classs (entities), 141 relations (properties)

► domain specific expandable ontology (cultural heritage)► domain specific, expandable ontology (cultural heritage)

► Knowledge organization by:► i d fl ibl i f l d t t t i d t

► integration of knowledge structures in ch institutions (libraries,

► precise and flexible mapping of complex data structures, in order to cover scholarly information needs

archives, museums, monument preservation etc.)► exchange of information► combination of data from different strands and domains of► combination of data from different strands and domains of

knowledge by using national and international standards

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 29

Conceptual Reference Model: classes

Entity Primitive Value

Number

String

Temporal Entity Persistent ItemTime Span Place Dimension

Condition State Period StuffActor AppellationContact Point

Time Primitive

StringCondition State Period

Event

StuffActor AppellationContact Point

Legal Object Man Made StuffActivity

Begin ExistencePhysical Stuff

Information Object

Physical Man Made Stuff

Conceptual Object

End ExistencePhysical Object

Ph i l M M d St ffDesign/ProcedureD tPhysical Man Made Stuff

Physical Feature Linguistic ObjectDocument

Visual Item Mark

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 30

Image

Conceptual Reference Model: relations (properties)

Relationen:► is identified by (identifies)y ( )► has type (is type of)► has time-span (is time-span of)► took place on or within (witnessed)► consists of (forms part of)► occurred in the presence of (was present at)► occurred in the presence of (was present at)► was influenced by (influenced)► was intended use of (was made for)► had specific purpose (was pupose of)► transferred title of (changed ownership through)► h di i (i di i f)► has dimension (is dimension of)► refers to (is referred to by)► is composed of (forms part of)

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 31

p ( p )

museumdat.org

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 32

Why museumdat?

► Different databases with a variety of data structures► Har esting of data b a machine i e a tomaticall► Harvesting of data by a machine, i. e. automatically

► Data exchange in case of e. g. a loan

► Use of the data for different internet platforms

► Enlargement adaptation maintanence of the format► Enlargement, adaptation, maintanence of the format

► New working group of CIDOC concerned with thef D h i d i hformat: Data harvesting and interchange

► Expectation that museumdat will become aninternationally acknowledged und distributed format

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 33

museumdat data delivery: net of contributors to portals

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 34

museumdat → LIDO

► Lightweight Information Describing Objects

► Catogeries for the Description of Works of Art► Catogeries for the Description of Works of Art(CDWA Lite): J. P. Getty Trust

► Spectrum (The UK Museum Standard): MDA► Spectrum (The UK Museum Standard): MDA,MLA (Museums, Libraries and Archives Council)

► museumdat► museumdat

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 35

museumdat: Beispiel DHM

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 36

museumdat: title, repository,description, display...

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 37

museumdat: location, actor, .....

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 38

museumdat: measurement, materials

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 39

museumdat: administration

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 40

Thanks for your patient attention!

This presentation is available on:http://opus.bsz-bw.de/swop/volltexte/2009/794/

joern sieglerschmidt@bsz bw [email protected]

[email protected]

http://www.bsz-bw.deBibli th k i Z tBibliotheksservice-Zentrum

Baden-Württemberg

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 41

o

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 42

Johannes-Heinrich Alsted: Encyclopædia. Herborn 1630

Everyone is aware of the fact that there is nothing more beautiful and fruitful thanEveryone is aware of the fact that there is nothing more beautiful and fruitful than order, if he is not more blind then Tiresias [fortune teller who had been made blind by Juno]. The order is the soul of all things and combines the dignity with them on the widely extended theater of the earth. The order is the nerve of the mystical body in y y ythe Church of God. Order is the most certain bond in the state and the family. The order is besides the glue of the scholarly society and gives the spirit regarding the things to be taught and to be learned.

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 43

Johannes-Heinrich Alsted: Encyclopædia. Herborn 1630

Jeder erkennt, dass es nichts Schöneres und nichts Fruchtbareres gibt als die Ord-Jeder erkennt, dass es nichts Schöneres und nichts Fruchtbareres gibt als die Ordnung, wenn er nicht erheblich blinder waere als Tiresias [Wahrsager, dem Juno das Augenlicht nahm]. Die Ordnung aber vereint auf dem weiten Schauplatz dieser Erde mit allen Dingen die Würde und ist ihre Seele. Die Ordnung ist in der Kirche Gottes g gder Nerv des mystischen Körpers. Ordnung ist im Staat und der Familie das sicher-ste Band. Die Ordnung haucht schließlich in der Schule bei den zu lehrenden und lernenden Dingen den Geist ein und ist außerdem der Leim des schulischen Gesell-

von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 44

schaft.