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Ontologies, metadata, controlled vocabulariesmuseumsdat as exchange formatmuseumsdat as exchange format
Workshop on Indexing and Investigation of Artists’Workshop on Indexing and Investigation of Artists Publications
Neues Museum Weserburg BremenNovember 14th, 2009
Jörn SieglerschmidtBibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg
Three general remarks about documentation
The kind of documentation is dependent on its purposes. Order is not an end in itselfend in itself.
Questions of documentation are never of an ideological but of a pragmaticQuestions of documentation are never of an ideological, but of a pragmatic kind.
Documentation should serve only (and exactly only) one aim: theDocumentation should serve only (and exactly only) one aim: the enhancement of the retrieval of knowledge relevant to your daily work.
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 2
Overview and purposes of ordering devices
Ontologies, Metadata schemas other (tagged)
Syntax / Grammarschemas, other (tagged) formats
Semantics Vocabulary: thesauriSemantics Vocabulary: thesauri, classifications, word nets Semiosis Interpretant
Pragmatics Data: databases, files
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 3
Tagging a file
üpoadfgölkjuzwrem xycvoi wrm,n<cxyoiw eremnb<ycgwer,mnbfvbdölkaejhgfqertzhlj
phrase match in a character stringphrase match in a character string
üpoadfg§ölkjuzwrem xycvoi &wrm,n<cxyoiw ermnb<ycgwer,§mnbfvbdölk &aejhgfqer
simple tags: §, &
üpoadf§RoleActorölkjuzw&wrm n<cxyoiw eremnb<ycgwer §NameActormnbfvbdölk&üpoadf§RoleActorölkjuzw&wrm,n<cxyoiw eremnb<ycgwer,§NameActormnbfvbdölk&
complex tags with initial and final tag
<museumdat:RoleActorölkjuzw/museumdat:RoleActor>rem xycvoiwrm,ncxyoiw gwer, <museumdat:NameActormnbfvbdölk/museumdat:NameActor>aejhgfqertzhlj
XML tags
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 4
Documentation languages
► Documentation languages:A documentation language is a set of terms which are used for theA documentation language is a set of terms which are used for the description of documents following prescribed rules in order to store and retrieve documents.
► Thesaurus► ThesaurusA thesaurus is a set of controlled terms regarding synonymy, homonymy, and polysemy. In each term set a preferred term must be defined. Terms are related by subordination (narower term), superordination (broader term) and similarity (related term). The relationsships could be expressed by a polyhierarchy or a p p y p y ymonohierarchy.
► ClassificationA classification is a system of abstract, hierarchically ordered classes of concepts, types or categories. Each class is labelled by a notation, a unique identifier normally used for shelving.
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 5
, q y g
poly- vs. monohierarchy
function part of body age gender
clothingclothing
swimming head children mensleeping
protectionprofessional
feet
professionalleisure
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 6
Automatic indexing vs. controlled vocabulary
1. Reliability of automatic indexing
2 R li bili f ll d b l
persons
2. Reliability of controlled vocabulary
pplacestimes subject headings of national libraries
things
unique reference to an individual concept
reference tosynonyms, polysems, homonyms
reference tobroader, narrower,similar concepts
ltili lit
y p
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 7
multilinguality
Thesaurus: RAMEAU
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 8
Thesaurus: Library of Congress Subject authority headings
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 9
Thesaurus: Library of Congress Subject authority headings
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 10
LC Subject Headings: Concept Details and Visualization
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 11
Thesaurus: Subject headings LC
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 12
Subject headings of the German National Library
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 13
OPAC of the Southwestern Union Catalogue
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 14
Descriptor and Wikipedia entry
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 15
J. Paul Getty Trust: Research Institute, Vocabulary Program
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 16
Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN)
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 17
Arts and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT)
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 18
Union List of Artist Names (ULAN)
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 19
Iconclass: iconographic classification
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 20
Iconclass.org
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 21
Iconclass.nl: browser
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 22
Iconclass: Abstract, non-representational art
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 23
Iconclass: Meteorological phenomena, rain
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 24
Iconclass: Query for rain
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 25
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set: ISO 15836
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 26
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 27
Comité International pour la documentation (CIDOC): CRM
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 28
Conceptual Reference Model
► Comité International pour la documentation (CIDOC)/ Conseil international des Musées/ International Council of Museums (ICOM)
► ISO 21127: 84 classs (entities), 141 relations (properties)
► domain specific expandable ontology (cultural heritage)► domain specific, expandable ontology (cultural heritage)
► Knowledge organization by:► i d fl ibl i f l d t t t i d t
► integration of knowledge structures in ch institutions (libraries,
► precise and flexible mapping of complex data structures, in order to cover scholarly information needs
archives, museums, monument preservation etc.)► exchange of information► combination of data from different strands and domains of► combination of data from different strands and domains of
knowledge by using national and international standards
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 29
Conceptual Reference Model: classes
Entity Primitive Value
Number
String
Temporal Entity Persistent ItemTime Span Place Dimension
Condition State Period StuffActor AppellationContact Point
Time Primitive
StringCondition State Period
Event
StuffActor AppellationContact Point
Legal Object Man Made StuffActivity
Begin ExistencePhysical Stuff
Information Object
Physical Man Made Stuff
Conceptual Object
End ExistencePhysical Object
Ph i l M M d St ffDesign/ProcedureD tPhysical Man Made Stuff
Physical Feature Linguistic ObjectDocument
Visual Item Mark
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 30
Image
Conceptual Reference Model: relations (properties)
Relationen:► is identified by (identifies)y ( )► has type (is type of)► has time-span (is time-span of)► took place on or within (witnessed)► consists of (forms part of)► occurred in the presence of (was present at)► occurred in the presence of (was present at)► was influenced by (influenced)► was intended use of (was made for)► had specific purpose (was pupose of)► transferred title of (changed ownership through)► h di i (i di i f)► has dimension (is dimension of)► refers to (is referred to by)► is composed of (forms part of)
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 31
p ( p )
museumdat.org
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 32
Why museumdat?
► Different databases with a variety of data structures► Har esting of data b a machine i e a tomaticall► Harvesting of data by a machine, i. e. automatically
► Data exchange in case of e. g. a loan
► Use of the data for different internet platforms
► Enlargement adaptation maintanence of the format► Enlargement, adaptation, maintanence of the format
► New working group of CIDOC concerned with thef D h i d i hformat: Data harvesting and interchange
► Expectation that museumdat will become aninternationally acknowledged und distributed format
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 33
museumdat data delivery: net of contributors to portals
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 34
museumdat → LIDO
► Lightweight Information Describing Objects
► Catogeries for the Description of Works of Art► Catogeries for the Description of Works of Art(CDWA Lite): J. P. Getty Trust
► Spectrum (The UK Museum Standard): MDA► Spectrum (The UK Museum Standard): MDA,MLA (Museums, Libraries and Archives Council)
► museumdat► museumdat
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 35
museumdat: Beispiel DHM
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 36
museumdat: title, repository,description, display...
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 37
museumdat: location, actor, .....
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 38
museumdat: measurement, materials
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 39
museumdat: administration
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 40
Thanks for your patient attention!
This presentation is available on:http://opus.bsz-bw.de/swop/volltexte/2009/794/
joern sieglerschmidt@bsz bw [email protected]
http://www.bsz-bw.deBibli th k i Z tBibliotheksservice-Zentrum
Baden-Württemberg
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 41
o
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 42
Johannes-Heinrich Alsted: Encyclopædia. Herborn 1630
Everyone is aware of the fact that there is nothing more beautiful and fruitful thanEveryone is aware of the fact that there is nothing more beautiful and fruitful than order, if he is not more blind then Tiresias [fortune teller who had been made blind by Juno]. The order is the soul of all things and combines the dignity with them on the widely extended theater of the earth. The order is the nerve of the mystical body in y y ythe Church of God. Order is the most certain bond in the state and the family. The order is besides the glue of the scholarly society and gives the spirit regarding the things to be taught and to be learned.
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 43
Johannes-Heinrich Alsted: Encyclopædia. Herborn 1630
Jeder erkennt, dass es nichts Schöneres und nichts Fruchtbareres gibt als die Ord-Jeder erkennt, dass es nichts Schöneres und nichts Fruchtbareres gibt als die Ordnung, wenn er nicht erheblich blinder waere als Tiresias [Wahrsager, dem Juno das Augenlicht nahm]. Die Ordnung aber vereint auf dem weiten Schauplatz dieser Erde mit allen Dingen die Würde und ist ihre Seele. Die Ordnung ist in der Kirche Gottes g gder Nerv des mystischen Körpers. Ordnung ist im Staat und der Familie das sicher-ste Band. Die Ordnung haucht schließlich in der Schule bei den zu lehrenden und lernenden Dingen den Geist ein und ist außerdem der Leim des schulischen Gesell-
von 41Jörn Sieglerschmidt: Metadata, ontologies, controlled vocabularies | Indexing and ... | Bremen November 14th, 2009 44
schaft.