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Facilitation 101
Ilias Bartolini ibartoli@thoughtworks.com
Facilitator
What are your experiences as a facilitator?
End of Role Game!
Facilitator
What went wrong?
What could I have done better?
Facilitator
Diplomat Referee Cop Comedian …your own style
Objective
Goal & Deliverables
Process
Visible Agenda
Ground Rules
Parking lot
Prime directive
Switch off cell phones
Body language
• Open & Centred • No hands in pockets • No leaning or sitting Your posture and tone convey confidence and excitement
Body language
Move “in” or “out” of the conversation Get physically “too close” with dominating or argumentative participants
Shepherding
the group
• Sensitive to the group: validate and legitimise • Defuse uncomfortable moments • Encourage dialogue • Provide air to quiet folks • Help to develop consensus • Active listening • Watch group dynamics
Types of quest
ions
• Open: “How, What, Why” • Greater Response: Probing, describe, tell,
explain • Redirect: What do the rest of you think?
Helen, what are your thoughts? • Clarification: Where are we? Will someone
summarize our position? • Closed: check agreement, also for clarification.
Can we move on now?
Difficult types:
“the Mummy”
The person who won’t participate in discussions
• Be patient • Ice-breaker, check-in question • Give the mummy a major role in subgroups • Ask direct question to the person on topics you
know he or she had expertise • Talk after the meeting and encourage them to
speak up: their opinion is important
Difficult types:
“the Windbag”
The person who dominates discussions
• Establish a process to limit the Windbag’s discussion.
• Target questions to other members by name • Use nonverbal signals, e.g. no direct eye
contact, focus on another part of the room • Do not assign subgroup leadership roles to this
person
Difficult types:
“the Rambler”
The person who gets off-track discussions
• Help them by listening and quickly summarizing • Preface the Rambler’s remarks with “Give me
your short version of …” • When they pause, say “Thanks Joan, but we
need to get back to the agenda.” • Do not assign subgroup leadership roles to this
person
Difficult types:
“the Homesteade
r”
The person who takes a position and is reluctant to change • Ask or provide more alternatives • Ask to evaluate trade-offs, pro-cons • Give hints on team alignment building • Over whelm them with facts! :) • Postpone the conversation to a separate meeting
Whiteboard clar
ity
• Strive to use participants’ exact words: if you rephrase check for correctness “Does this capture what you said?”
• Use capital letters • Print as legibly as possible • Use abbreviations liberally • Switch colors and check markers
before the session • Draw!
Tips
• Know names and use them • Ask someone else to help keep time • Breaks, special food for long meetings • Increase your self-awareness with help of a pair
credits
Thank you!
Dennise Openshaw – Facilitation 101 https://my.thoughtworks.com/docs/DOC-13090 Thoughtpedia page on Facilitation https://thoughtpedia-public.thoughtworks.com/display/KBPUB/Facilitation Creative commons pictures – by-sa: http://www.flickr.com/photos/lessio/370136797/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/paulk/27206695/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/compujeramey/2378562709/ ? lost link of comedian pic? ? lost link of agenda pic? ? lost link of group facilitation pic? http://www.flickr.com/photos/tobiastoft/3209409590/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/ol1/5539623423/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/oberazzi/318947873/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/spaterson/5184530931/
h"p://crea*vecommons.org/licenses/by-‐sa/3.0/
Print the following cards for the first 10min role game
(1) Be quiet and withdrawn. Please have no involvement in the session.
During the first 10min of this session
(2) Please participate heavily in the session, to the point of dominating views at times
During the first 10min of this session
(3) Make a slightly confusing point
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(4) • Ask the facilitator if you can come and
illustrate your point • Come up to the board and take the pen
from me • Illustrate and expand on your point on the
board
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(4b) When someone from the group comes to the board to explain a point, get involved ensuing the discussion goes on for a short time (20-30 seconds)
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(5) Engage in a side discussion with someone in the audience for a short time (20-30 seconds)
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(6) Open your laptop and start typing being uninterested at the session.
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(7) Argue a little against a point someone puts forward using sarcasm and offensive tone.
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(8a) • Take the cell phone number from the
person on your right. • During the session call them, you can
hang up when it rings.
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
(8b) • Give your cellphone number to the
person on your left. • Have your cell phone sound on. • Take the call when they ring you. • In a not entirely soft voice, say hello,
pause and ask if you can call back as you are currently in a workshop.
At some point, during the first 10min of this session
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