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UGC Human Resource Development CentreJadavpur UniversityShort Term Course in LISFebruary 10, 2016
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Guerilla OpenAccess Manifesto
PL Manifesto:Preamble
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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3 Fundamental Human Values: Freedom, prosperity and the development.
Exercise of democratic rights and take active role in society
Ability of well-informed citizens
Depend on satisfactory education as well as on free and unlimited access to knowledge, thought, culture and information.
PL Manifesto:Missions of the PL[Relate to information, literacy, education and culture]
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Reading habits Self conducted & formal education Personal creative developments Imagination and creativity of children and young people Awareness of cultural heritage, arts, science & innovations Providing access to cultural expressions of all performing arts Cultural diversity Oral tradition Community information Information services to local enterprises Information and computer literacy skills Literary activities
PL Manifesto:Democratic Access
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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– PL as local center of information, making all kinds of knowledge and information readily available to its users
– On the basis of equality of access for all age, race,
sex, religion, nationality, language or social status
PL Manifesto: Social inclusion
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Specific services and materials must be provided for those users who cannot, for whatever reason, use the regular services and materials, for example linguistic minorities, people with disabilities or people in hospital or prison.
PL Manifesto: Cultural and social understanding
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Material must reflect current trends and the evolution of society, as well as the memory of human endeavour and imagination.
PL Manifesto: New technologies
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Collections and services have to include all types of appropriate media and modern technologies as well as traditional materials.
PL Manifesto: Censorship and control
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Collections and services should not be subject to any form of ideological, political or religious censorship, nor commercial pressures.
Changes beyond the PL Manifesto
Libraries are in radical transformations economically and technologically. Economically: towards commodification of what scholars create knowledgeusers as consumersknowledge as intellectual property to be monetizedWhich had a profound effect on the library. Specially escalating cost of subscriptions to journals and databasesshrinking budget, and cuts in professional staff We are living in a world in which knowledge is turned into intellectual
property, monetizied, and made artificially scarce.
Paradigm shift of Library's IdentityUsers increasingly value the library primarily as a purchaser of the information Rather library as a gateway to knowledge or an institution that will preserve it for the greater good.
Libraries are depends on rental of information (licensed) Rather Possession of information (not owned)
A large portion of the library’s virtual stacks could be emptied out at the flick of a switch, a sudden repossession of cultural materials if the rent
isn’t paid
Guerilla Open Access Manifesto: Preamble
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Information is power. But like all power, there are those who want to keep it for themselves.
The world’s entire scientific and cultural heritage, published over centuries in books and journals, is increasingly being digitized and locked up by a handful of private corporations. . . .
Providing scientific articles to those at elite universities in the First World, but not to children in the Global South? It’s outrageous and unacceptable.
‘I agree,’ many say, ‘but what can we do? The companies hold the copyrights, and it’s perfectly legal – there’s nothing we can do to stop them.’
Guerilla Open Access Manifesto: Operative Part
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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But there is something we can do: we can fight back.
.. . It’s called ‘stealing’ or ‘piracy,’ as if sharing a wealth of knowledge were the moral equivalent of plundering a ship and murdering its crew.
But sharing isn’t immoral – it’s a moral imperative. . . . There is no justice in following unjust laws.
Guerilla Open Access Manifesto:The Fight for
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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“We need to take information, wherever it is stored, make our copies and share them with the world.
We need to take the stuff that’s out of copyright and add it to the archive. We need to buy secret databases and put them on the Web.We need to download scientific journals and upload them to file sharing networks. We need to fight for Guerrilla Open Access. . . .”
Who is the Guerilla?
Let us introduce
RSS
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary, Really Simple SyndicationPublish frequently updated information like blog entries, news headlines, audio, videoIncludes full or summarized text, and metadata, like publishing date and author's nameRSS feeds enable publishers to syndicate data automatically. RSS feeds also benefit users who want to receive timely updates from favorite websites or to aggregate data from many sites.
RDF
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Resource Description FrameworkFamily of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specificationsOriginally designed as a metadata data modelIdea of making statements about resources (in particular web resources)In the form of subject–predicate–object expressionsE. g.: Blue skyEntity (sky), attribute (color) and value (blue)
<font size="12" color="red">This is some text!</font><font face=" Times New Roman" color="green">This is some text!</font>
What is
is a nonprofit organization that enables the sharing and use of creativity and knowledge through free legal tools.CC's free, easy-to-use copyright licenses provide a simple, standardized way to give the public permission to share and use creative work — on conditions of peoples choice. CC licenses let peoples easily change copyright terms from the default of “all rights reserved” to “some rights reserved“
Want to
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Keep the Internet creative, free and open.helps you share your knowledge and creativity with the worldhelping to realize the full potential of the Internet—universal access to research and education, full participation in culture—to drive a new era of development growth, and productivity.
Want to
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Let people share and use photographs, but not to sell Provide access to course materials from the world’s top universities encourage readers to re-publish blog posts Provide songs that you can use and remix, royalty-free
How reddit worksredditors vote on which stories and discussions are important. the hottest
stories rise to the top, while cooler stories sink.
comments can be posted on every story on reddit. comments add information, context, and humor.
anyone can create a community (called "subreddits"). each subreddit is independent and moderated by a team of volunteers.
reddit is open source. community members are constantly tinkering and contributing features, bug fixes, and translations back to the site.
OpenLibrary.org
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OpenLibrary.org
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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allows users to borrow or browse every published book in the world.
cemented the obsession with freeing the mind of humanity from its elite clutches.
Over 1,000,000 free ebook titles available. Open Library is an open project: the software is open, the data are
open, the documentation is open, and we welcome your contribution. Whether you fix a typo, add a book, or write a widget--it's all welcome. We have a small team of fantastic programmers who have accomplished a lot, but we can't do it alone!
OpenLibrary.org
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wants to provide quality bibliographic information as the basis for its information about resources often in MARC format.
Because of its "wiki nature", Open Library can mix and match data from different sources
OpenLibrary follow FRBR that defines the essential things that a library catalogue describes.
The Open Library embraces the identification of basic things called "types."
These types are entities like Works, Authors, Editions, and Subjects
Aaron H. Swartz
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Born November 8, 1986, Illinois, U.S.Died January 11, 2013 (aged 26), New YorkCause of death Suicide by hangingEducation Stanford UniversityOccupation Software developer, writer, Internet activistTitle Fellow, Harvard University Edmond J. Safra
Center for EthicsAwards American Library Association's James
Madison Award (posthumously)EFF Pioneer Award 2013 (posthumously)Internet Hall of Fame 2013 (posthumously)
Is it a Suicide or Murder of a Guerilla?
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January 6, 2011, he arrested after connecting to the MIT network and setting to download academic journal articles from JSTOR.
He charged with two counts of wire fraud and eleven violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, with maximum penalty of $1 million in fines, 35 years in prison, asset forfeiture, restitution, and supervised release.
Swartz declined a plea bargain under which he would have served six months in prison.
Two days after rejection of his pray, he was found dead in his apartment, where he had hanged himself.
Guerilla Open Access Manifesto: Legal, Ethical, and Moral Concerns
Prof. Dibyendu Paul/2016_Guerilla_Open Access Manifesto
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Although Swartz’s method was legally questionable, but he the issue of pay-walling of publicly funded research into light and the debate for open access resurfaced
His activity brought guerilla open access out into the open
“..For works not in the public domain, OA depends on copyright-holder consent. OA is … about lawful sharing, not sharing in disregard of law. (2) OA to copyrighted works is voluntary, there is no vigilance OA, no infringing, expropriating, or piratical OA…” Peter Suber
THANKS
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