View
13
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
GOOD MORNING RESPECTED TEACHER AND MY DEAR FRIENDS
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL
UNIVERSITY
PRESENTED BY: RUTVIK SHAH STANLEY CHRISTY
Guided by: Prof. Ami Shah
OUR TOPICS FOR A L A
• Software•Memory
SOFTWARE
In the field of computer science, software is defined as a computer program,
which includes logical instructions used for performing a particular task on a computer system using hardware components . The following are the two major categories of software under which different types of computer programs can be classified
They are :- System Software Application software
HARDWARE
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
USER
Above figure shows a layered structure , which represents different components of a computer such as hardware , system software , application software , and user in a hierarchical manner.
SYSTEM SOFTWARESYSTEM SOFTWARE SYSTEM SOFTWARE refers to a
computer program that manages and controls hardware components
of the computer system OR the system software is responsible for
the proper functioning of the computer hardware.
The system software is also
responsible for the proper functioning of the computer
system. The system software includes general programs,
which are written to provide an environment for developing
new application software using programming languages.
System software includes operating system, device drivers, compilers, etc. The most commonly used operating system are:• WINDOWS,• MAC OS X,• LINUX, etc.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE Application software is a computer program that is executed on the system software. It is designed and developed for performing specific tasks and is also known as end user program. Application software is unable to run without system software , such as word processing and spreadsheet.
Using this applications we can also format and print the document. The most commonly used word processing applications are:• MS Word • MS Excel• MS Power point
MEMORY
TYPES OF MEMORY 1 Primary Memory
a) RAMb) ROMc)Flash Memoryd)Cache Memory
2 Secondary Memory
PRIMARY MEMORY Primary storage or main
memory or internal memory is the area in a computer in
which data is stored for quick access by the computer’s
processor.Types :1. RAM2. ROM
3. Cache Memory
RAM The RAM (Random Access Memory) allows data
items to be read or write in almost the same amount of time. RAM family includes two important memory devices:
1. Static RAM (SRAM) - SRAM retains its contents as long as electrical power is applied to the chip. If the power is turned off or lost temporarily, its contents will be lost forever.
2 Dynamic RAM (DRAM) - DRAM, on the other hand, has an extremely short data lifetime-typically about four milliseconds. This is true even when power is applied constantly. DRAM controller is used to refresh the data before it expires.
ROMROM (Read Only Memory) is a type of
non-volatile memory used in computers and electronic devices.
Data stored in ROM can only be read.TYPES:
1. PROM2. EPROM3. EEPROM4. EAROM
CACHECache Memory, also called CPU memory, is
random access memory (RAM) that a computer’s microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular
RAM .There are three different levels of cache
memory:• Level 1 – storage capacity from 8kb to
128kb• Level 2 – storage capacity from 64kb to
16MB• Level 3 – storage capacity upto 8MB
SECONDARY MEMORY• Secondary memory is where
programs and data are kept on a long-term basis.• Common secondary storage
devices are the hard disks and optical disks.• The hard disks have enormous
storage capacity compared to main memory.
source• Wikipedia and• Text book
THANK YOU
Recommended