INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES PPT

Internal Combustion Engines

Bhausaheb Vartak Polytechnic • Internal Combustion Engines

• PRESENTATION PREPARED BY • JUDE RODRIGUES - 2128• AKASH PANCHAL - 2124• TUSHAR SHETTY - 2133• RIDDHISH PARAB - 2125

• TYPT

types of heat engines

external combustion

internal combustion

steam enginesturbinesStirling engine

Otto engineDiesel engineVankel engine

The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of fuel-oxidizer mixture occurs in a

confined space

applied in: automotiverail transportationpower generationshipsaviationgarden appliances

Internal Combustion Engines – Theorem Carnot cycle -

Carnot's theorem is a formal statement of this fact: No engine operating between two heat reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between those same reservoirs.

Internal Combustion Engines – Carnot cycle -

TH is the absolute of cold reservoir

TC is the absolute of hot reservoir

Internal Combustion Engines – two stroke -

1. Power / Exhausta. ignitionb. piston moves downward

compressing fuel-air mixture in the crankcase

c. exhaust port opens

2. Intake / Compressiona. inlet port opensb. compressed fuel-air

mixture rushes into the cylinder

c. piston upward movement provides further compression

Internal Combustion Engines – two stroke -

Advantages:lack of valves, which simplifies construction and lowers weightfire once every revolution, which gives a significant power boost can work in any orientationgood power to weight ratioDrawbacks: lack of a dedicated lubrication

system makes the engine to wear faster.

necessity of oil addition into the fuel low efficiency produce a lot of pollution

Internal Combustion Engines – four stroke -

starting positiona. piston starts moving downb. intake valve opensc. air-fuel mixture gets in

1. intake

a. piston moves upb. both valves closedc. air-fuel mixture gets compressed

2. compression

ignition

a. air-fuel mixture explodes driving the piston down

3. power

a. piston moves up b. exhaust valve opens c. exhaust leaves the cylinder

4. exhaust

Advantages:•dedicated lubrication system makes to engine more wear resistant•better efficiency that 2-stroke engine •no oil in the fuel – less pollution

Drawbacks:•complicated constriction •should work in horizontal position due to lubrication

air intake

compression

fuel injection

combustionexhaust

exhaust /intake

Internal Combustion Engines – Diesel -

Advantages:•self ignition (without electrical spark plug)•better efficiency•reliability•higher durability•supplied with worse fuels

Drawbacks:•more expensive production•more weight •louder•lower revolutions

Internal Combustion Engines – Diesel -

Internal Combustion Engines – multi-cylinder -

Cylinder layouts

Cylinder layoutsflat

inline

V TYPE

inline flat„boxer”

14 cylinder Diesel engine (80 MW)

Cylinder layoutsradial

Valve operation

Engine characteristic

Diesel Petrol

Engine cooling

Turbocharged engine

Wankel rotary engine

Advantages:•higher power output•no reciprocating mass •simpler and lighter construction

Drawbacks:•increased wear of rubbing parts•higher fuel consumption•requirement for better materials

THANK YOU

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES PPT

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