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PREVIEW OF
HAZMAT TECHNICIANPATIENT SUPPORT
POWERPOINT TRAINING PRESENTATION
GOALS
To prevent injury to personal coming in contact with exposed patient
To understand treatment of the exposed patient
INTRODUCTION
Every year emergency responders become ill due to being exposed to a contaminated patient
The initial decontamination and treatment at the scene can reduce the possibility of others becoming ill from treating the patientInitial on scene treatment can improve the
outcome of the patient
PPEEmergency responders
need to wear the proper PPE when treating patients who have been exposed to hazardous materials
Photo courtesy USCG
PPE
VisibilityFace masks cause
Reduced field of visionDistortion of view from curvature of shield
HEALTH RISKS
Heat injuriesPPE may cause user to overheat Risk can be reduced by:
HydrationControl of work schedulesHeat stress monitoring
PRE-ENTRY ASSESSMENT
Exclusion should be considered if:If pulse > 100Blood pressure > 150/90Body temp >99o F
PRE-ENTRY ASSESSMENT
Check for recent history of:Illness including diarrhea or vomitingSunburnMedications that could affect safety
AntihistaminesNarcoticsStreet drugsAlcohol in last 24 hours
REHAB BREAKS
PulseIf heart rate > 110 next entry should be reduced
by 1/3If after 3 minute rest pulse >90 work load should
be considered too strenuousIf pulse is regular physician should be consulted
POST ENTRY ASSESSMENT
Hydration should be checked & 8-16 ounces of fluid should be given
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing should be considered if an injury or death is involved incident
DECONTAMINATION
In partially contaminated patients sometimes only the affected area needs to be decontaminated
DECONTAMINATION
In most cases the affected area should be washed in soap and water for at least 15 minutes depending on the contaminant
GENERAL TREATMENTWhen possible use disposable
equipment on patients
This eliminates the need for disposal or decontamination of expensive equipment
SUPPORTIVE CARE
CardiopulmonarySupport patient with high flow oxygen or assist
with BVM as indicatedNever perform mouth to mouth or pocket mask
ventilations when inhaled toxins are suspected
SUPPORTIVE CARE
NeurotoxinsSigns & Symptoms may vary depending on toxin
HeadachesChanges in mental statusAltered sensation or muscle controlSeizuresLoss of consciousnessCNS functions may be affected
Speech, balance, memory, & personality
SUPPORTIVE CARE
NeurotoxinsTreatment
Monitor symptomsTake vital signs frequentlyAssess fine motor controlTreat life symptoms as notedKeep patient quiet and minimize stimuli
SIMPLE ASPHYXIANTS
Asphyxiants cause low oxygen in the atmosphereCommon examples
Nitrogen UN 1066 Guide # 121Carbon Dioxide UN 1013 Guide # 120Argon UN 1066 Guide # 121
ASPHYXIANTS
Carbon monoxide (CO) UN 119 Guide #119
Most common chemical asphyxiant
CO binds to hemoglobin in red cells preventing oxygen glow in the blood stream
Poisoning commonly caused by malfunctioning heaters or leaking engine exhaust systems
RESPIRATORY IRRITANTS
Broad range of chemicals may cause irritationPrimarily causes inflammation of the trachea &
bronchi causing upper airway obstruction, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, & hypoxia
Examples are:Ammonia Chlorine gasAcetic acid Phosgene gasNitrogen oxides FormaldehydeSulfur dioxide Hydrogen halides
ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES
Signs & Symptoms use acronym DUMBELSDiarrheaUrinationMiosis (pinpoint pupils)Bronchospasm (wheezing)EmesisLacrimation (tearing of the eyes)Salvation
Some symptoms may be delayed
TRANSPORT
All supplies and equipment that comes in contact with patient should be adequately protected from contamination OR be disposable
Hospitals are now using many disposable one patient use items to reduce cross contamination between patients and reduce cleaning costs
To purchase this presentation go to www.bravetraining.com
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