Ch.1/L1 - Early Humans

Early HumansThis section describes the world’s earliest humans and relates their change from nomadic hunters to

farmers.

7AWH

Bellwork

Discovered off the coast of Mexico, scientist believe this skull is 12,000 to 13,000 years old.

#3 - Define the vocabulary for Ch. 1/L1 by using your glossary.

#4 - Read the “Primary Source: Paleolithic Cave Paintings” on pg. 10 and answer the “DBQ” at the bottom of that section.

#5 - Answer the “Then and Now” question (pg. 12)

The Oldest Human Fossil

Discovered off the coast of Mexico, scientist believe this skull is 12,000 to 13,000 years old.

Otzi the Iceman

This 5,300 year old mummy is the oldest one found in Europe. You can see a reconstruction of him on page 12.

Early Humans

● “History” is the period of time since people

first learned how to write.

o It began 5,500 years ago (~3,500 BC)

● Two types of scientists help us understand

how people lived:

o archeologists - _____________________

o anthropologists - ___________________

studies fossils and tools to learn about past humans

studies human societies.

Artifacts

Early Humans

● The earliest period of human history is the Stone Age because people made tools and weapons from stone. o Paleolithic Age - earliest part of human

history.

Early HumansLascaux Cave in France

Early Humans

● Hunter-Gatherers - Early humans hunted animals, caught fish, ate insects, and gathered nuts, berries, fruits, grains, and plants. o They had to move alot. People who move regularly

are called nomads.● Men - hunted, made weapons● Women - stayed close to the campsite;

looked after children; gathered plants, berries, and nuts.

Early Humans

● Adapting to the Environmento Warm climate? ---> few clothing or sheltero Cold climate? ---> need much more protection

Fire gave warmth, lit the darkness, scared animals, cooked food

Early Humans

● Ice Ages ---> long period of extreme coldo 100,000-8,000 BC (that’s 92,000 years!!!)o thick ice covered parts of Europe, Asia,

and North America.● Early humans had to adapt their diet, build

better shelters, and use animal furs to make warm clothing. o Fire was key!

Early Humans

● Humans developed spoken language.

o made it easier to work together, pass on knowledge.

● They also used art to express themselves. o Cave paintings like we saw

before may have had

religious meaning.

Early Humans

● Paleolithic people were the first to use technology.o They used flint for tools, weapons.

axes hunting spears fishhooks (bones) needles (bones)

● baskets, nets, clothing

Early Humans

Artifacts

Catal Huyuk (6700 BC)

Neolithic Age

● Neolithic Times - people started farming, building communities, producing goods, and trading. o The Neolithic Age

began after the Ice Age.

Neolithic Age

● People began to domesticate animals for food and clothing.

● People also began to farm so that they didn’t have to be hunters-gatherers. o Neolithic Age = the Farming Revolution

revolution - changes that greatly affect many areas of life.

Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age

● Farming began in different parts of the world. o Asia - people grew wheat, barley, rice,

soybeans, and milleto Mexico - people grew corn, squash, and

potatoes. o Africa - people grew millet and sorghum.

Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age

● Farming allowed people to settle in one place and build villages. o The earliest known communities were in

the Middle East. Jericho (Jehr-ih-koh) - in present day

Israel; dates back to 8,000 BC. Catal Hüyük (Chah-tahl hoo-YOOK) -

in present day Turkey; dates back to 6700 BC.

Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age● Living in villages provides greater security. It

also meant a steadier food supply. ● Trade occurred when communities produced

more than they needed.● Artists began to paint and make pottery.

Others used fibers to weave cloth. o this is called specialization

● Tools like the sickle made cutting grain easier. o These tools were made from metals like copper, tin,

or bronze. From 3,000-1,200 BC is known as the “Bronze

Age”.

Neolithic Age