Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) are veins? Y and Z

Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) are veins?

Y and Z

The circulatory system includes

BloodBlood vessels

Heart

Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) carry oxygenated blood?

W and Y

Artery carry blood ________ heart

away from

Name valves X.

Semilunar valve

What is X?

Blood cells

X

What is A?

Red blood cells

A

B

C

Red blood cells

Made in

Red bone marrow

Waste(e.g. and ) diffuse from the body cells to blood.

Carbon dioxide, urea

Identify blood vessels P, R and T?

P: artery, R: capillary, T: vein

Name chamber C.

Left atrium

Name chamber B.

Right ventricle

Blood platelet can help in

Blood clotting to stop bleeding and prevent entry of germs

What is the shape of A?

Biconcave disc shape

A

B

C

Old red blood cell will broken down in

Liver

Explain two ways how blood cell A is structurally adapted to its function.

It does not contain nucleus so it has more space to carry more haemoglobin.It is biconcave disc shape so it has a large surface area to volume ratio. Oxygen can diffuse rapidly across the cell membrane.

A

B

C

Main substance in plasma is

water

Name blood vessel W.

aorta

Compare the thickness of the wall of right and left ventricles. What is the

significance of the difference?

Left ventricle has thicker wall than right ventricle.Left ventricle can provide greater force to pump blood to all parts of the body except lungs whereas right ventricle pumps blood only for a short distance to the lungs.

Which of the following cannot found in plasma?

a. Waterb. Glucosec. Starchd. Protein

a. Waterb. Glucosec. Starchd. Protein

Name chamber D.

Left ventricle

Name blood vessel Y.

Pulmonary vein

Name Q.

Septum

What is the function of B?

Cell B produces antibodies to kill germs or neutralize toxins released by the germs.

A

B

C

Explain why blood pressure changes periodically in aorta.

The heart contracts and relax periodically.

Vein carry blood ________ heart

towards

What is B?

Lymphocyte

A

B

C

What is the function of septum?

Septum prevents the mixing of oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood.

The _______ of capillary is one cell thick.

wall

What is the function of valves in vein?

Prevent the backflow of blood

Identify blood vessel A and B

A is veinB is artery

Useful substances (e.g. and ) diffuse from the blood to the body cells.

Glucose, amino acids

Explain why the capillary wall is only one-cell thick.

It provides a short distance for rapid exchange of materials between the blood and the body cells by diffusion.

Blood platelet

Made in

Red bone marrow

Explain why the carpillaries are highly branched to form a

network..It provides a large surface area for rapid exchange of materials between the blood and the body cellsby diffusion.

Explain why blood pressure is very low in venae cavae.

The blood has overcome great friction of the blood vessel walls after travelling a

long distance.

Name artery A. What is its function?

Artery A is coronary artery.It supplies oxygen and nutrient to the cardiac muscles.

Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) are arteries

W and X

What is the function of A?

Carry oxygen throughout the whole body

A

B

C

Which blood vessel (W, X, Y and Z) carries blood from lungs?

Y

Three types of blood vessels are

Artery, vein and capillary

Name chamber A.

Right atrium

What is Z?

Plasma

Z

What is C?

Phagocyte

A

B

C

Name valves X.

Semilunar valve

What is A and B?

A is elastic tissue, B is muscle

A

B

thick wall

small lumen

Cross section

Longitudinal section

What is the function of C?

Cell C engulfs germs that enter the body and digest them by phagocytosis.

A

B

C

Name valves Y.

Tricuspid valve

Name valves Z.

Bicuspid valve

State two differences between A and B

The wall of A is thinner than B.The lumen of A is larger than B.

White blood cells

Made in

Red bone marrow

Name blood vessel X.

Pulmonary artery

Blood pressure in venae cavae is very low. Explain how a continuous

blood flow is maintained.

• Valves in the venae cavae prevent backflow of blood.

• When the muscles lying next to the veins contract, they press against the veins. The veins are squeezed so blood flows forwards.

Name blood vessel Z.

Vena cava

The large lumen in vein can

reduce the resistance of blood blood

The red pigment in red blood cell is

haemoglobin