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Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) are veins?
Y and Z
The circulatory system includes
BloodBlood vessels
Heart
Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) carry oxygenated blood?
W and Y
Artery carry blood ________ heart
away from
Name valves X.
Semilunar valve
What is X?
Blood cells
X
What is A?
Red blood cells
A
B
C
Red blood cells
Made in
Red bone marrow
Waste(e.g. and ) diffuse from the body cells to blood.
Carbon dioxide, urea
Identify blood vessels P, R and T?
P: artery, R: capillary, T: vein
Name chamber C.
Left atrium
Name chamber B.
Right ventricle
Blood platelet can help in
Blood clotting to stop bleeding and prevent entry of germs
What is the shape of A?
Biconcave disc shape
A
B
C
Old red blood cell will broken down in
Liver
Explain two ways how blood cell A is structurally adapted to its function.
It does not contain nucleus so it has more space to carry more haemoglobin.It is biconcave disc shape so it has a large surface area to volume ratio. Oxygen can diffuse rapidly across the cell membrane.
A
B
C
Main substance in plasma is
water
Name blood vessel W.
aorta
Compare the thickness of the wall of right and left ventricles. What is the
significance of the difference?
Left ventricle has thicker wall than right ventricle.Left ventricle can provide greater force to pump blood to all parts of the body except lungs whereas right ventricle pumps blood only for a short distance to the lungs.
Which of the following cannot found in plasma?
a. Waterb. Glucosec. Starchd. Protein
a. Waterb. Glucosec. Starchd. Protein
Name chamber D.
Left ventricle
Name blood vessel Y.
Pulmonary vein
Name Q.
Septum
What is the function of B?
Cell B produces antibodies to kill germs or neutralize toxins released by the germs.
A
B
C
Explain why blood pressure changes periodically in aorta.
The heart contracts and relax periodically.
Vein carry blood ________ heart
towards
What is B?
Lymphocyte
A
B
C
What is the function of septum?
Septum prevents the mixing of oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood.
The _______ of capillary is one cell thick.
wall
What is the function of valves in vein?
Prevent the backflow of blood
Identify blood vessel A and B
A is veinB is artery
Useful substances (e.g. and ) diffuse from the blood to the body cells.
Glucose, amino acids
Explain why the capillary wall is only one-cell thick.
It provides a short distance for rapid exchange of materials between the blood and the body cells by diffusion.
Blood platelet
Made in
Red bone marrow
Explain why the carpillaries are highly branched to form a
network..It provides a large surface area for rapid exchange of materials between the blood and the body cellsby diffusion.
Explain why blood pressure is very low in venae cavae.
The blood has overcome great friction of the blood vessel walls after travelling a
long distance.
Name artery A. What is its function?
Artery A is coronary artery.It supplies oxygen and nutrient to the cardiac muscles.
Which blood vessels (W, X, Y and Z) are arteries
W and X
What is the function of A?
Carry oxygen throughout the whole body
A
B
C
Which blood vessel (W, X, Y and Z) carries blood from lungs?
Y
Three types of blood vessels are
Artery, vein and capillary
Name chamber A.
Right atrium
What is Z?
Plasma
Z
What is C?
Phagocyte
A
B
C
Name valves X.
Semilunar valve
What is A and B?
A is elastic tissue, B is muscle
A
B
thick wall
small lumen
Cross section
Longitudinal section
What is the function of C?
Cell C engulfs germs that enter the body and digest them by phagocytosis.
A
B
C
Name valves Y.
Tricuspid valve
Name valves Z.
Bicuspid valve
State two differences between A and B
The wall of A is thinner than B.The lumen of A is larger than B.
White blood cells
Made in
Red bone marrow
Name blood vessel X.
Pulmonary artery
Blood pressure in venae cavae is very low. Explain how a continuous
blood flow is maintained.
• Valves in the venae cavae prevent backflow of blood.
• When the muscles lying next to the veins contract, they press against the veins. The veins are squeezed so blood flows forwards.
Name blood vessel Z.
Vena cava
The large lumen in vein can
reduce the resistance of blood blood
The red pigment in red blood cell is
haemoglobin
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