United Nations Mission in Liberia MISSION BRIEF. Bushrod Ablaze July 2003: Monrovia in flames

United Nations United Nations Mission in LiberiaMission in Liberia

MISSION BRIEFMISSION BRIEF

Bushrod Ablaze

July 2003: Monrovia in flames

Child SoldierBattle for Monrovia June-August 2003

KEY DATESKEY DATES

1 August:1 August: Security Council Resolution 1497 Security Council Resolution 1497 authorizes multinational force and future UN authorizes multinational force and future UN stabilization forcestabilization force

4 August:4 August: Deployment of ECOMIL vanguard Deployment of ECOMIL vanguard forceforce

11 August:11 August: Charles Taylor hands over Charles Taylor hands over presidency to Moses Blahpresidency to Moses Blah

18 August:18 August: Comprehensive Peace Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in Accra, GhanaAgreement signed in Accra, Ghana

19 September:19 September: Security Council Security Council Resolution 1509 establishes UN Mission Resolution 1509 establishes UN Mission in Liberiain Liberia

1 October:1 October: Day One of UNMIL, ECOMIL Day One of UNMIL, ECOMIL troops “rehatted” as UN peacekeeperstroops “rehatted” as UN peacekeepers

14 October:14 October: National Transitional National Transitional Government of Liberia (NTGL) takes Government of Liberia (NTGL) takes office and National Transitional office and National Transitional Legislative Assembly (NTGA) sworn inLegislative Assembly (NTGA) sworn in

UNMIL Day One - 1 October 2003UNMIL Day One - 1 October 2003

Inauguration of NTGLInauguration of NTGL14 October 200314 October 2003

Chairman Bryant and Chairman Bryant and former President Blahformer President Blah

Presidents Kufuor andPresidents Kufuor and Obasanjo with SRSG KleinObasanjo with SRSG Klein

Chairman Bryant Chairman Bryant takes oath of officetakes oath of office

Vice ChairmanVice Chairman Wesley Johnson takes oathWesley Johnson takes oath

UNMIL LEADERSHIPUNMIL LEADERSHIP

Jacques Paul KleinJacques Paul Klein Special Representative Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the Secretary-General and Coordinator of UN and Coordinator of UN Operations in LiberiaOperations in Liberia

Abou MoussaAbou Moussa Deputy Special RepresentativeDeputy Special Representative

Souren SeraydarianSouren Seraydarian Deputy Special RepresentativeDeputy Special Representative

UNMIL LEADERSHIPUNMIL LEADERSHIP

Lt. Gen. Lt. Gen. Daniel I. Opande Daniel I. Opande Force CommanderForce Commander

Mark A. KroekerMark A. Kroeker Police CommissionerPolice Commissioner

Savitri ButcheySavitri Butchey Director of Director of

AdministrationAdministration

UN Family in LiberiaUN Family in Liberia

UNMIL

WHO

UNHCR

WFP

OCHA

UN-HABITAT

UNMIL MANDATEUNMIL MANDATE Operating under Chapter VII:Operating under Chapter VII:

SUPPORTSUPPORT Ceasefire AgreementCeasefire Agreement Humanitarian AssistanceHumanitarian Assistance//Human Rights Human Rights Support for Security ReformSupport for Security Reform

PROTECTPROTECT United Nations StaffUnited Nations Staff Facilities Facilities CiviliansCivilians

UNMIL Mandate ImplementationUNMIL Mandate Implementation

Consists of eight goals:Consists of eight goals:

Peace and securityPeace and security

Disarmament and DemobilizationDisarmament and Demobilization

Rehabilitation and Reintegration of combatantsRehabilitation and Reintegration of combatants

Establish rule of law, including judiciary and correctionsEstablish rule of law, including judiciary and corrections

Establish safeguards for human rightsEstablish safeguards for human rights

Restoration of state authorityRestoration of state authority

Provision of factual information through public media Provision of factual information through public media campaignscampaigns

Coordination of UN agencies for humanitarian assistanceCoordination of UN agencies for humanitarian assistance

PEACE AND SECURITYPEACE AND SECURITY

UNMIL FORCEUNMIL FORCE

Nigerian ContingentNigerian Contingent

Ghanaian ContingentGhanaian Contingent

LURD combatants

Ex-Armed Forces of Liberia soldiers

MODEL checkpoint

Military ForcesMilitary Forces

- Authorized- Authorized

15,00015,000

14,13114,131- Current- Current

13,84113,841

14,64014,640

145145

116116

215215

174174

FHQ SOFHQ SOMILOBSMILOBSTOTALTOTAL SECTORSECTORTROOPSTROOPS

Civilian StaffCivilian Staff

InternationalInternational

607607768768

400400

NationalNational

Current StrengthCurrent Strength

389389Plus 367Plus 367Contracts pendingContracts pending

Troop contributing countriesTroop contributing countries

BangladeshBangladeshBeninBeninBoliviaBoliviaBrazilBrazilChinaChinaCroatiaCroatiaCzech Rep.Czech Rep.DenmarkDenmarkEcuadorEcuadorEl SalvadorEl SalvadorEgyptEgyptEthiopiaEthiopiaFinlandFinlandFranceFranceGambiaGambiaGhanaGhana

Guinea Bissau Guinea Bissau IndonesiaIndonesiaIrelandIrelandJordanJordanKenyaKenyaKoreaKoreaMalawiMalawiMalaysiaMalaysiaMaliMaliMoldovaMoldovaNamibiaNamibiaNepalNepalNetherlandsNetherlandsNigerNigerNigeriaNigeriaPakistanPakistan

ParaguayParaguayPeruPeruPhilippinesPhilippinesPolandPolandRomaniaRomaniaRussiaRussiaSenegalSenegalSerbia/MontenegroSerbia/MontenegroSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSwedenSwedenTogoTogoUkraineUkraineUnited KingdomUnited KingdomUnited StatesUnited StatesZambiaZambia

Total authorized 15,000Total in country 14,131

COMBAT FORCESCOMBAT FORCESFORCE HQ RESERVEFORCE HQ RESERVE1 Combined Battalion1 Combined Battalion

IrelandIreland MechanizedMechanizedSwedenSweden ArmoredArmored

SECTOR 1SECTOR 1Nigeria - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)*Nigeria - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)*West African Composite - 1 Motorized BattalionWest African Composite - 1 Motorized Battalion

SECTOR 2SECTOR 2Pakistan - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)Pakistan - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)Namibia - 1 Infantry Battalion (partly mechanized)Namibia - 1 Infantry Battalion (partly mechanized)

SECTOR 3SECTOR 3Bangladesh – 3 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)Bangladesh – 3 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)

SECTOR 4SECTOR 4Ethiopia Ethiopia – – 22 Motorized Battalions Motorized Battalions

** Partly mechanized = 2 motor & 2 mechanized companies Partly mechanized = 2 motor & 2 mechanized companies

FORCE HQFORCE HQ Jordan - Jordan - Level Three HospitalLevel Three HospitalPhilippines - Philippines - Headquarters CompanyHeadquarters CompanyBangladesh - Bangladesh - Engineering CompanyEngineering CompanyUkraine - Ukraine - Aviation UnitAviation UnitNepal - Nepal - Military Police CompanyMilitary Police CompanyPakistan - Pakistan - Road & Airfield Maintenance CompanyRoad & Airfield Maintenance CompanyPeople’s Republic of China - People’s Republic of China - Transportation CompanyTransportation Company

SECTOR 1SECTOR 1 Pakistan - Pakistan - Engineering CompanyEngineering Company

SECTOR 2SECTOR 2 Pakistan - Pakistan - Level Two HospitalLevel Two Hospital Engineering Company Engineering Company

SECTOR 3SECTOR 3 Bangladesh - Bangladesh - Level Two HospitalLevel Two Hospital Engineering CompanyEngineering Company

SECTOR 4SECTOR 4 People’s Republic of China - People’s Republic of China - Level Two HospitalLevel Two Hospital Engineering CompanyEngineering Company

SUPPORT UNITSSUPPORT UNITS

UNMIL UNMIL PEACEKEEPERPEACEKEEPERDEPLOYMENTSDEPLOYMENTS

X

X

X1

23

4

BHQ

UNMO

N

BHQ

UNMO

RD AND AIRFD PAK

UNMO

BHQ

FHQ

UNMO

GD ADMINPHILIPPINES

LOG

III

MP

QRF IREBAT

2

3X

(-)(-)

(-)(-)

(-)(-)

(-)(-)

UNMIL Full DeploymentUNMIL Full Deployment

(-)(-)

SPECIAL SIGS BAN

TPTCOYCHINA

MP NEPAL

ATCK UKR

UTILITY UKR

LEVEL 3 JOR

PAKBAT

UNMO

BHQ

NIBAT 1

NIBAT2

GUINEA BISSAU

(+)(+)

(+)(+)

(+)(+)

NAMBAT

PAK

PAK

PAKBAT

TBC

MULTIROLE BANGLADESH

BANBAT 1

BAN

BAN

BANBAT 3

BANBAT 2

BANBAT 3PAK

TBC

ETHBAT 1

ETHBAT 2

TBC

ETHBAT 1

ETHBAT 2

CHINA

CHINA

XX

X

X

X

X

Foya

3rd BDE 1st BDE

2nd BDE4th BDE

PAK

3

NAM

284 Combat 284 Combat VehiclesVehicles

14 Helicopter 14 Helicopter GunshipsGunships

Disarmament, Demobilization, Disarmament, Demobilization, Rehabilitation and Reintegration (DDRR)Rehabilitation and Reintegration (DDRR)

DDRR begun in December 2003 at Camp Schieffelin for former Government of Liberia (ex-GoL) combatants

Combatants disarmed 13,192 Weapons collected 8,679 Ammunition collected

2,018,669

DDRR Program launchDDRR Program launch

Special Representative of the Secretary General Jacques Paul Klein destroys weapons at ceremonial launch of DDRR program on 1 December 2003

NTGL Chairman Gyude Bryant addresses opening of Camp Schieffelin DDRR site on 7 December 2003

Disarmament Camp SchieffelinDisarmament Camp Schieffelin December 2003December 2003

Nationwide information campaign to educate Nationwide information campaign to educate combatants and communities on DDRRcombatants and communities on DDRR

Voinjama: Gen. Sheriff Cobra (LURD), Gen. Varmuya Sheriff (ex-GOL), Gen. William Bearlar (MODEL) and Gen. Patrick

Bowah (LURD) on UNMIL DDRR information campaign

Resumption of DDRRResumption of DDRR15 April 200415 April 2004

4 cantonment and 4 disarmament sites in Gbarnga, Tubmanburg, Monrovia, and Buchanan

5 more cantonment sites to be completed for LURD, MODEL, ex-GOL

Disarmament and Demobilization Disarmament and Demobilization 15 April 200415 April 2004

Registration and Encampment Registration and Encampment 15 April 200415 April 2004

DESTROYEDCOLLECTED

11,49011,49011,49011,490AmmoAmmo(explosives)(explosives)

3,805,1183,805,1183,805,1183,805,118AmmoAmmo(small arms)(small arms)

8,252 *8,252 *to restart to restart 15 June 15 June

15,34315,343WeaponsWeapons

34,328 ex-combatants disarmed

Rehabilitation and Reintegration Rehabilitation and Reintegration International ContributionsInternational Contributions

US Agency for International Development

Women and Children Rehabilitation programWomen and Children Rehabilitation program

$15 million, 3 years$15 million, 3 years

Target: 10,000 women and childrenTarget: 10,000 women and children

Liberia Community Infrastructure ProgramLiberia Community Infrastructure Program

$27.9 million, 3 years$27.9 million, 3 years

Target: 10,000 ex-combatants and 10,000 othersTarget: 10,000 ex-combatants and 10,000 others

Youth Reintegration Training and Education for Peace Program Youth Reintegration Training and Education for Peace Program (YRTEP) Vocational, Apprenticeship, Education(YRTEP) Vocational, Apprenticeship, Education

$5 million, 2 years$5 million, 2 years

Target: 5 million young peopleTarget: 5 million young people

Rehabilitation and Reintegration Programmes

DDRR Trust Fund

28 RR proposals for trades training programmes

for 35,200 ex-combatants

UNICEF-7000 child ex-combatants into community

education programmes

Formal education programmes in Monrovia and in counties

being reviewed and assessed for intake of ex-combatants

in partnership with the Ministry of Education

Rule of LawRule of Law

Civilian Police Judiciary Corrections Human Rights

UNMIL CIVILIAN POLICEUNMIL CIVILIAN POLICE

Current strength:Current strength: 750 out of an authorized 750 out of an authorized strength of 1,115, including 240 members of strength of 1,115, including 240 members of the Formed Police Unitsthe Formed Police Units

UNMIL CIVILIAN POLICE UNMIL CIVILIAN POLICE Contributing CountriesContributing Countries

BangladeshBosnia-HerzegovinaChinaCzech Rep.FijiGambiaGhanaJordan (FPU)MalawiNamibiaNepal (FPU)NigerNigeriaNorwayPakistan

Philippines PolandRussiaSamoaSenegalSerbia-MontenegroSri LankaSwedenTurkeyUkraineUruguayUnited StatesYemenZambiaZimbabwe

Total authorized 1,115Total in country 725 (including 10 Corrections officers)

CIVPOL TasksCIVPOL Tasks

Monitoring and mentoring the Liberian National Police (LNP)

Co-locating with LNP personnel

Restructuring Police Sector

Establishing a new Police Service

CIVPOL TrainingCIVPOL Training

Interim police training, while planning proceeds for a restructured national police service

Jordanian Formed Police Unit demonstrating riot control techniques

5 May - Recruitment campaign for new police service starts

JudiciaryJudiciary

Assess judicial system Train judges, prosecutors and

lawyers Re-establish courts Co-location of UNMIL judicial

advisors in the courts/Ministry of Justice

Monitoring of criminal/civil trials

CorrectionsCorrections

Recruit and train staff for the Liberian Correctional System

Review and revise penal legislation

Improve policies and procedures to reflect international guidelines and human rights standards

Reform organizational structure

Build a long-range corrections development plan with the assistance of key international and national stakeholders

Human Rights and Human Rights and ProtectionProtection

Established/Assist Independent Human

Rights Commission Truth and Reconciliation

Commission

Protect Vulnerable Groups Children and Women

Restoration of Restoration of State AuthorityState Authority

Strategies for return of civil administration, county officials, district officers and traditional chiefs around the country

Committees to resolve disputes at local level arising from occupation or possession of properties

Mayoress of GantaMayoress of Ganta

... .. . .

..

UN Civilian PresenceUN Civilian Presence

Provision of factual information through public media campaigns

24-hour FM radio capability established Nationwide DDRR information campaign Public education on Mission mandate, security and

law enforcement awareness and humanitarian assistance

Voter education Local media capacity-building

UNMIL Radio 91.5FMUNMIL Radio 91.5FM

Broadcasts 24 hours a day, seven days a week

News and information on the peace process

Sensitization of public opinion on DDRR

Voter education on forthcoming elections

Signal currently has the farthest reach of any radio station in Liberia

Coverage will be nationwide

Media DevelopmentMedia Development

Free media environment established

25 newspapers publishing

8 FM radio stations

Community radio

2 Monrovia-based television stations

Coordination of Coordination of Humanitarian AssistanceHumanitarian Assistance

Expansion of humanitarian relief activities by UN agencies and non-governmental organizations

Relief assistance to refugees, IDPs and host communities

More than 50 joint assessment missions by UN agencies and NGOs to locations all over Liberia

WFP feeds 600,000 persons per day in Liberia• 316,000 Internally Displaced

Persons• 284,000 Vulnerable Groups

Internally Displaced Persons Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and refugees beginning to (IDPs) and refugees beginning to return homereturn home

17,600 returnees have come 17,600 returnees have come back from Sierra Leone, Guinea, back from Sierra Leone, Guinea, CCôôte d’Ivoire and Ghana since te d’Ivoire and Ghana since November 2003November 2003

Liberia Demographic StatisticsLiberia Demographic Statistics(estimated)(estimated)

Population 3.3 million

Population under age of 15 years - 44%

Ethnic- 95% Indigenous African (16 Ethnic Groups) 5% Americo-Liberians

ReligionTraditional AnimistChristianMuslim

Literacy Rate (Average) 37%Men 50%Women 24%

Life Expectancy - 48 years Infant Mortality - 117 per 1000 live births

HIV/AIDS • Prevalence Rate - 8.2%

Population with access to acceptable standards • Sanitation - 40%• Drinking water – 26%

Estimated war-related deaths since 1989 – 250,000 (50% civilian)

Health StatisticsHealth Statistics(estimated)(estimated)

Economic StatisticsEconomic Statistics(estimated)(estimated)

Unemployment - 85% Population below Poverty line - 75% Literacy - 37% National Debt - $2.8 billion Arrears $2.8 billion

• ($650 mil. - World Bank, $400 mil.- IMF)

Refugee and IDP StatisticsRefugee and IDP Statistics

Internally Displaced Persons 500,000 (estimated)230,000 in the camps (UNHCR)

Refugees 57,000 (in Liberia)• 40,000 S. Leoneans• 17,000 Ivorians

Liberian Refugees - 354,230 (UNHCR)• Ghana - 42,388• Sierra Leone - 67,162• Cote d’Ivoire - 67,149• Gambia - 699• Guinea - 170,832• Nigeria - 6,000

Returning refugeesReturning refugees

Reconstruction Reconstruction

Liberia Reconstruction Conference 5-6 February 04

Initiated by UNMIL to address Liberia’s short to medium-term reconstruction and development needs

US$520 million pledged

Back to SchoolBack to School

622,000 children 20,000 teachers 3,700 schools

Since June 2003 over 1.24 million children under 15 years of age immunized against measles

“Back to School” campaign

launched by UNICEF providing

basic equipment and supplies

including 7,275 School-in-a-box kits for:

Rehabilitation of Rehabilitation of infrastructureinfrastructure

UNMIL Quick-Impact Projects

• 97 projects undertaken, 30 completed totalling over US$1 million

• Addressing emergency needs in rehabilitation of infrastructure, building of basic institutions and functioning of public services and utilities

RecoveryRecovery

Life returns to normal Children attend newly

opened schools Hospitals and clinics are

operating Economic activity is

resuming Electricity and water supply

has been restored to parts of Monrovia

UNMILUNMILBringing Hope for TomorrowBringing Hope for Tomorrow