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library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
i
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOUNDCLOUD AND PICTURE SERIES AS
MEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL IN TERMS OF
STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY
(A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi
in the Academic Year 2016/2017)
A THESIS
By :
Tiara Dyah Andriani
S891508047
Written as a Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements for
Post Graduate Education Degree of English Language Teaching
ENGLISH EDUCATION OF POST GRADUATE PROGRAM FACULTY OF
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2017
library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
ii
APPROVAL
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOUNDCLOUD AND PICTURE SERIES AS
MEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL IN TERMS OF
STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY (A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic
Year 2016/2017)
By:
Tiara Dyah Andriani
NIM. S891508047
This thesis has been approved by the Consultants of English Education Department of
Graduate Program Teacher Training and Education Faculty Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
Surakarta, January 2017
Consultant I Consultant II
Dr. Suparno, M.Pd Prof. Dr. Sri Samiati Tarjana
NIP. 195111271986011001 NIP. 19446021965112001
The Head of English Education Department of Graduate Program
Sebelas Maret University
Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd.
NIP. 196212311988031009
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LEGITIMATION
The Effectiveness of Soundcloud and Picture Series as Media in Teaching Speaking Skill in
Terms of Students’ Creativity
(A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic
Year 2016/2017)
By:
Tiara Dyah Andriani
NIM. S891508047
This thesis has been approved by the Board of Thesis Examiners
of English Education Department of Graduate Program
Teacher Training and Education Faculty Sebelas Maret University Surakarta
On February 8th
2017
Board of Examiners Signatures
Chairman Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd.
NIP. 19621231 198803 1009 (...................................)
Secretary Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
NIP. 19520307 198003 1005 (...................................)
Examiners 1. Dr. Suparno, M.Pd
NIP. 19511127 198601 1001 (...................................)
2. Prof. Dr. Sri Samiati Tarjana
NIP. 19446021 96511 2001 (...................................)
Legalized by
The Dean Teacher Training and Education The Head of English Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Department of Graduate Program
of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University
Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd
NIP 196110124 198702 1001 NIP. 19621231 198803 1009
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PRONOUNCEMENT
This is to certify that I myself write this thesis, entitled “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
SOUNDCLOUD AND PICTURE SERIES AS MEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL
IN TERMS OF STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY” (A Quasi Experimental Study at the Tenth
Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic Year 2016/2017). It is not a product of
plagiarism or made by others. Anything related to others’ work is written in quotation, the
source of which is listed on the bibliography.
If then this pronouncement proves false, I am ready to accept my academic
punishment, including the withdrawal or cancellation of my academic degree.
Surakarta,1 February 2017
Tiara Dyah Andriani, S.Pd
NIM. S891508047
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ABSTRACT
Tiara Dyah Andriani. S891508047. 2017. The Effectiveness of Soundcloud and Picture
Series as Media in Teaching Speaking Skill in Terms of Students’ Creativity (A Quasi
Experimental Study at the Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ngawi in the Academic Year
2016/2017). A Thesis. First Consultant: Dr. Suparno, M.Pd; Second Consultant: Prof. Sri
Samiati Tarjana, Dipl. TESOL. English Education Department, Graduate Progam, Sebelas
Maret University.
This research aims to find out whether: (1) SoundCloud application is more effective
than picture series to teach speaking; (2) The students with high creativity have better
speaking skill than those having low creativity; and (3) There is an interaction between
teaching media and students’ creativity in teaching speaking
This experimental study was conducted at the tenth grade class of SMA N 1 ngawi in
the academic year 2016/2017. There were 60 students, consisting of 2 classes. The sample
was two classe, namely experimental class who was taught using SoundCloud application
and control class who was taught using picture series. To get the sample, a cluster random
sampling technique was used. Each class consists of two groups of students having high
creativity and those having low creativity. To gain the data, two instruments were used
namely speaking test to find out the score of students’ speaking and creativity test to find out
the level of students’ creativity. The data were, then, analyzed by using Multifactor Analysis
of Variance ANOVA 2x2 and Tukey test. Before conducting the ANOVA test, pre-requisite
test namely normality and homogeneity test were conducted.
There are some reseach findings that can be taken: (1) SoundCloud application is
more effective than picture series to teach speaking; (2) The students with high creativity
have better speaking skill than those having low creativity; and (3) There is an interaction
between teaching media and students’ creativity in teaching speaking. Based on the results of
this research, SoundCloud application is an effective media in teaching speaking to the tenth
grade students of SMA N 1 Ngawi. However, to support the using of SoundCloud in teaching
learning activities, a school must provide fast internet connection. The teachers must capable
in using and operating internet or social media, too.
Keywords: SoundCloud Application, picture series, speaking skill, creativity, experimental
study
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MOTTO
Man Jadda Wa Jadda
Technology won’t replace teachers, but teachers who use technology will probably replace
teachers who do not.
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DEDICATION
With the deep profound love, this research is devoted to:
My endless love Aji Bramasto for his never ending supports and prayers.
My beloved parents and big families for their supports, tolerance, prayers, and
encouragement.
My almamater, Sebelas Maret University, from which I have a great deal of
knowledge and insight about the ‘real’ meaning of life.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researcher would like to acknowledge her countless gratitude to Allah SWT who
has granted her health and determination to write this thesis. In addition, there are many
people who have generously contributed in improving this thesis, and also she would like to
express her deep gratitude to the following:
1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University for
the permission to write the thesis.
2. The Head of English Education Department of Graduate Program for providing the
facilities to complete the thesis writing.
3. Dr. Suparno, M.Pd, the first consultant for his guidance, advice, and patience during
the writing process of this thesis.
4. Prof. Sri Samiati Tarjana, Dipl. TESOL, the second consultant for her guidance,
advice, and patience during the writing process of this thesis.
5. The Head of SMA N 1 Ngawi for the permission to conduct the research.
6. The English teacher of SMAN 1 Ngawi, especially Mrs. Rully for her help, guidance,
and cooperation during the research.
7. The grade students of SMA N 1 Ngawi, especially X M5 and XM8 in the academic
year 2016/2017 for their cooperation during the research.
8. All friends and everyone who have helped the researcher in accomplishing this thesis.
Hopefully, this thesis would provide a positive contribution to the educational
development and the readers.
Surakarta, January 2017
Tiara Dyah Andriani
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ........................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................................. ii
LEGITIMATION ......................................................................................................... iii
PRONOUNCEMENT ................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... v
MOTTO ......................................................................................................................... vi
DEDICATION............................................................................................................... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................ viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. ix
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ xi
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... xii
LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................................. xiii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .................................................................................... 1
B. Problem Identification ........................................................................................ 6
C. Problem Limitation ............................................................................................. 6
D. Statement of the Problem ................................................................................... 7
E. Objectives of the Study ....................................................................................... 7
F. The Benefits of the Study ................................................................................... 8
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A. Review on Speaking ........................................................................................... 10
1. The Definition of Speaking ............................................................................ 10
2. The Indicators of Speaking............................................................................. 11
a. Micro Skills ............................................................................................... 12
b. Macro Skills .............................................................................................. 13
3. Teaching Speaking ......................................................................................... 17
4. Testing Speaking ............................................................................................ 18
B. SoundCloud Application ..................................................................................... 21
1. Definition of SoundCloud ............................................................................. 21
2. Functions of SoundCloud .............................................................................. 23
3. Teaching Speaking Using SoundCloud .......................................................... 25
4. Advantages of SoundCloud Applications ..................................................... 28
5. Disadvantages of SoundCloud Applications .................................................. 30
C. Picture Series ...................................................................................................... 31
1. Definition of Picture Series ............................................................................ 31
2. Types of Pictures ............................................................................................ 33
a. Situational Pictures .................................................................................... 33
b. Sequential Pictures or Picture Series ......................................................... 33
3. Teaching Speaking Using Picture Series........................................................ 34
a. Advantages of Picture Series ..................................................................... 36
b. Disadvantages of Picture Series ................................................................ 38
D. Review on Creativity .......................................................................................... 40
1. Definition of Creativity .................................................................................. 40
2. The Importance of Creativity in Speaking ..................................................... 41
3. Aspects of Creativity ...................................................................................... 45
4. Measuring Creativity ...................................................................................... 47
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E. Relevant Studies.................................................................................................. 51
F. Rationale ............................................................................................................. 54
1. The Difference between SoundCloud Application and Picture Series for
Teaching speaking .......................................................................................... 54
2. The Difference between Students with High Creativity and Low
Creativity in Speaking .................................................................................... 55
3. Teaching Media Which is Used by Teacher in the Class Plays and
Important Role and Gives Big Influence for the Succes of the Teaching
Learning Process ............................................................................................ 56
G. Hypothesis........................................................................................................... 56
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design.................................................................................................. 58
B. Place and Time .................................................................................................... 59
1. Place ............................................................................................................... 60
2. Time................................................................................................................ 60
C. Population and Sample ....................................................................................... 60
1. Population ....................................................................................................... 60
2. Sample ............................................................................................................ 61
3. Sampling Technique ....................................................................................... 61
D. Techniques of Collecting Data............................................................................ 62
E. Techniques of Analyzing Data............................................................................ 63
1. Normality Test ................................................................................................ 64
2. Homogenety Test ........................................................................................... 65
3. Hypothesis Testing ......................................................................................... 66
4. Tukey Test ...................................................................................................... 67
5. Statistica Hypothesis ...................................................................................... 68
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Description ................................................................................................. 70
B. Inferntial Analysis ............................................................................................... 79
1. Normality Test ................................................................................................ 79
2. Homogeneity Test .......................................................................................... 81
3. ANOVA Test (Multifactor Analysis of Variance) ......................................... 82
4. Tukey Test ...................................................................................................... 85
C. Discussion of the Research Findings .................................................................. 87
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 100
B. Implication and suggestion ................................................................................ 100
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 105
APPENDICES .............................................................................................................. 110
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Indicators of Speaking ................................................................................... 16
Table 2.2 Oral Proficiency Test Scoring Categories ...................................................... 19
Table 2.3 Pandiya’s Scoring Rubric ............................................................................... 21
Table 2.4 Creativity Aspects ........................................................................................... 46
Table 2.5 Scoring Rubric Creativity ............................................................................... 50
Table 3.1 Research Plan .................................................................................................. 59
Table 3.2 Schedule of Research ...................................................................................... 60
Table 3.3 Research Instruments and Variables to Measure ............................................ 62
Table 4.1 The Frequency Distribution of Data A1 ......................................................... 71
Table 4.2 The Fequency Distribution of Data A2........................................................... 72
Table 4.3 The Fequency Distribution of Data B1 ........................................................... 73
Table 4.4 The Fequency Distribution of Data B2 ........................................................... 74
Table 4.5 The Fequency Distribution of Data A1B1 ...................................................... 75
Table 4.6 The Fequency Distribution of Data A1B2 ...................................................... 76
Table 4.7 The Frequency Distribution of Data A2B1..................................................... 77
Table 4.8 The Frequency Distribution of Data A2B2..................................................... 78
Table 4.9 The Summary of Normality Test .................................................................... 80
Table 4.10 The Summary of Homogeneity Test ............................................................. 82
Table 4.11 The Summary of ANOVA (Multifactor Analysis of Variance) 2x2 ............ 83
Table 4.12 The Result of Mean Score ............................................................................ 83
Table 4.13 The Summary of Tukey Test ........................................................................ 86
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 4.1 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1 ............................................................... 72
Figure 4.2 Histogram and Polygon of Data A2 ............................................................. 73
Figure 4.3 Histogram and Polygon of Data B1 .............................................................. 74
Figure 4.4 Histogram and Polygon of Data B2 .............................................................. 75
Figure 4.5 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1B1 ......................................................... 76
Figure 4.6 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1B2 ......................................................... 77
Figure 4.7 Histogram and Polygon of Data A2B1 ......................................................... 78
Figure 4.8 Histogram and Polygon of Data A2B2 ......................................................... 79
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Sylabus ........................................................................................................ 110
Appendix 2 Lesson Plan of Experimental Class ............................................................. 115
Appendix 3 Lesson Plan of Control Class ...................................................................... 142
Appendix 4 Blueprint of Creativity Test ........................................................................ 169
Appendix 4.1 Instrument of Creativity Test ................................................................... 170
Appendix 5 Readability Result of Creativity Instrument ............................................... 174
Appendix 6 Blueprint of Speaking Test ......................................................................... 175
Appendix 6.1 Instrument of Speaking Test .................................................................... 176
Appendix 7 Readability Result of Writing Instrument ................................................... 177
Appendix 8 Students’ Creativity Scores ......................................................................... 178
Appendix 9.1 Post Test Students‟ Speaking Scores Experimental (A1) ........................ 180
Appendix 9.2 Post Test Students‟ Speaking Scores Control (A2) ................................. 181
Appendix 10 Descriptive Statistics ................................................................................. 182
Appendix 11 Normality Test ......................................................................................... 190
Appendix 12 Homogeneity Test .................................................................................... 198
Appendix 13 ANOVA 2x2 Multifactor Analysis Variance ............................................ 199
Appendix 13 The Result of Tukey Test ......................................................................... 200
Appendix 14 Table of Critical Values for the Liliefors (Normality Test) ..................... 201
Appendix 15 Table of the Chi Square Distribution (Homogeneity) .............................. 202
Appendix 16 Table of Critical Values for F Distribution .............................................. 203
Appendix 17 Table of Critical Values for Tukey test .................................................... 204
Appendix 18 Example of Students’ Creativity ............................................................... 205
Appendix 19 Pictures of Students‟ Activity .................................................................. 221
Appendix 20 Letter of Research Permission .................................................................. 221
Appendix 21 Letter of Having Conducted Research ..................................................... 222
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