stba Contemporary CityFachgebiet Städtebau Prof. Alex Wall STBA I 11.06.12 Consumption Consumption...

Fachgebiet Städtebau Prof. Alex Wall STBA I 11.06.12

Contemporary City stba

EXCHANGE

CONSUMPTION

LOGISTICS

CONSUMPTION

Consumption

Consumption Sites Today’s landscape is the landscape of consumption. We experience it in the physical fabric of our lives: shopping centers, department stores, cities of tourism and leisure, urban entertainment districts

Culture and Consumption People and goods are inextricably entwined. Consumption is not about subsistence, greed or competitive display. Commodities are good because they make and maintain social relationships. Goods then are the visible part of culture and consumption is the field in which culture is created, represented, reproduced, manipulated and challenged. Mary Douglas, ”The Uses of Goods” p 56-70 in The World of Goods Basic, NY 1979

Shopping center as sustainable urban structure

„Commerce is the engine of urbanity“

Arizona Market, Brcko

Arizona Market, Brcko Arizona Market, Brcko

Development of an urban typology

Towards a global consumer society

Restructuring regional settlement + anchoring heterogenous periphery

Creating urban structure where there was none Stakeholders, consensus, and citybuilding in the era of climate change

Stadtmarketing and the regional competition for shopping tourism

„Commerce is the engine of urbanity“

Development of an urban typology (1954-68)

Demography, settlement and a regional marketing strategy

From outdoors to indoor shopping Pedestrian malls, courts and lanes to the „community’s living room“

Building in the suburbs but thinking of the city Building in the city but thinking about renewal, urbanity and public life

Detroit Marketing Map, 1950 Eastland I, Detroit, 1950

Detroit, 1950

Northland, Detroit, 1954

Lijnbaan, Rotterdam, Van den Broek and Bakerna, 1953

Southdale, Edina, 1956

Midtown Plaza, Rochester, 1962

Town Center, Vallingby, Stockholm, 1954

Nordweststadt, Frankfurt, 1967

Shopping, tourism and historic context

Renewing the downtown-again

Shopping and entertainment Not retail, but space, people and popular culture

Shopping center(s) + hotel(s) + office(s) + theater(s) = Edge city

Towards a global consumer society (1975-95)

Festival Marketplace, J. Rouse & B.Thomson Architect Associates, Boston, 1976

Inner Harbor Baltimore, Festival Marketplace, 1980

Citywalk, Jon Jerde, Universal City, LA, 1993

Fachgebiet Städtebau Prof. Alex Wall STBA I 11.06.12 Händler, Jakarta

The Grove at Farmers Market, Los Angeles

Farmers Market, Los Angeles

Shopping center as urban sustainable urban structure

Participation, Integration, Access, Shopping, Entertainment + Architecture

Restructuring regional settlement + anchoring an heterogenous periphery

Westside, Bern, CH, 2007

Shopping center as urban sustainable urban structure

The entire urban surface is a market Learning to be modern Shopping center clusters as local centers

Stakeholders, consensus, and citybuilding in the era of climate change

Stakeholders: potentials and conflicts Towards a sustainable city

Creating urban structure where there was none

Händler, Jakarta Kampung-Laden, Jakarta

Jakarta

Trade Center, Jakarta

Cluster

1. Mangga Dua 2. Kelapa Gading 3. Bundaran HI 4. Blok M 5. Senayan

Cluster

Kelapa Gading, Jakarta

Gebauter Boulevard, Kelapa Gading

Shopping Center, Jakarta

Stadtmarketing and the regional competition for shopping tourism Shopping und discovering cities

Rheingalerie, Ludwigshafen

Sihlcity, Zürich

Vom Einkaufszentrum zur Wohlfühlcity – der Funktionswandel unserer Innenstädte

LOGISTICS

Northland, Detroit , 1954

Logistics

Consumption Front stage ——————————— Landscape ——————— Distribution / logistics Back stage

Link: material extraction > manufacture > distribution > consumption > solid waste > landfill

Distribution / Logistics

logistics are a direct indicator of the level of economic activity US: freight rail cars carrying raw materials or waste De: number of containers being trucked internally (Toll Index (TI) based on GPS data)

forward (traditional distribution / logistics) raw materials, parts + finished goods flowing from suppliers, producers, distributors to consumers

Consumer actively acquires

reverse logistics waste, returned packages, defective or obsolete products, are “climbing back” the supply chain

-reverse logistics is a process in which manufacturers and distributive organizations take responsibility for new products supported by environmental considerations and an economic understanding of the life cycle of their product -reverse logistics is a measure of both corporate but also consumer responsibility

Consumer actively acquires + gets rid of

Distribution

distribution landscape has created an engine for the evolution of urban form in 4 ways:

at an urban scale, by transforming the front and backstage areas of cities and small towns;

at a regional scale, by creating new structures that will provide for growth of new communities;

at a continental scale, by the re-ordering of the hierarchy of cities in a country’s commerce; and

at street level, by filling our roads trucks working via electronic control on a tight schedule leading to traffic volume and accidents disrupting the daily urban system of every large city.

Susan Snyder, Alex Wall, “Emerging Landscapes of Movement and Logistics.” AD profile 134. No. 7/8 1998

New York, Port Newark

Front stage: Manhattan‘s shopping districts

Back stage: the ports, airports, rail and truck freight logistic centers, for example: The Newark logistics cluster consisting of:

-Newark Airport air cargo and courier services -Port Newark-Port Elizabeth Container Shipping Terminals -NJT (Route 95), the main East Coast N-S highway, with dedicated truck lanes -Conrail freight line, the main East Coast N-S cargo route

New York, Port Newark

Port of New York – New Jersey Intermodal & Auto Rail Facilities

New York Metropolitan Area – Manhattan island

Alliance, Texas

Inland Port covering 3772 HA (8,300 acres) located in the Dallas - Fort Worth city region

At junction of highway 35 running N-S between Chicago and NAFTA zones of Mexico, and E-W freight movements in the DFW Metroplex

Alliance joins 3 main function: I It integrates several key logistical systems: -Masterplanned industrial airport -BN-SF container yard (Rangierbahnhof) -Interstate highway network

II Intermodal Business Parks -international sourcing, courier, and maintenance (Fedex, American Airlines, Intel, medical transplant service)

III Residential districts with education, shopping and leisure functions

Alliance, Texas

Alliance, Texas (Residential zones at Circle T Ranch and Park Glen)

Alliance, Texas (Residential development at Park Glen)

Caution Dress, Nancy Judd

FREITAG bag

Consumption – Logistics: new questions and problems

Consumption - Retail industry distinguishes between: -physical shopping as „bricks and mortar“ destinations, and -virtual shopping or „E-commerce“

Amazon (1995), iTunes (2003), Netflix (1997) and now, „Showrooming“-user browses and handles product in a store but then orders it online using his „Pricecheck“ app. Miller, C. C, and J. Brosman. „E-Books Outsell Print Books at Amazon.“ NYT 2011.05.19

Logistics - Will the ubiquitous back stage logistics backstage-ports become the new front stage? Logistics/Distribution are too pervasive to be separated from the daily life of the city. Gewerbegebiete in Heilbronn, or the clean logistics node at Alliance (should) function as legitimate urban districts.

Cities - Cities as places will depend more on design from the scale of products to store/restaurant design to streetscape and surfaces and on the leisure amenities readily available---cultural and recreational experiences… retail destinations are dynamic, changing as the underlying business model changes; similarly places have been resilient responding to changes with new forms and functions.“

stba Contemporary CityFachgebiet Städtebau Prof. Alex Wall STBA I 11.06.12 Consumption Consumption...

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