Smart Grid IEEE PES Boston Chapter John McDonald 061813 ... · 1 GE Digital Energy John D....

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GE Digital Energy

John D. McDonald, P.E.DirectorTechnical Strategy & Policy Development

IEEE PES Boston ChapterJune 18, 2013

Smart GridStatus, Trends, Standards and

Lessons Learned

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Smart Grid Status

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Smart Grid ViewThe integration of electrical and information infrastructures, and the incorporation of

automation and information technologies with our existing electrical network.

Comprehensive solutions that:

� Improve the utility’s power reliability, operational performance and overall

productivity

� Deliver increases in energy efficiencies and decreases in carbon emissions

� Empower consumers to manage their energy usage and save money without

compromising their lifestyle

� Optimize renewable energy integration and enabling broader penetration

That deliver meaningful, measurable

and sustainable benefits to the utility,

the consumer, the economy and the

Environment.

More Focus on the Distribution System

Electrical infrastructure

Information infrastructure

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Heavy Metal“ Generate & Deliver Power”

Control“How Power Flows”

Management“ Applications”

TransmissionAutomation

Gen & TransMgt.

Dist.Mgt.

Sensors Dist.Automation

AssetOptimization

Smart Grid Adds

Old Grid

Old Grid

• You call when the power goes out.

• Utility pays whatever it takes to meet peak demand.

• Difficult to manage high Wind and Solar penetration

• Cannot manage distributed generation safely.

• ~10% power loss in T&D

‘New Applications enabled by Additional Infrastructure’

Adv.Metering System

Enabled Consumers

Economic Dispatch

Smart Grid

• Utility knows power is out and usually restores it automatically.

• Utility suppresses demand at peak. Lowers cost. Reduces CAPEX.

• No problem with higher wind and solar penetration.

• Can manage distributed generation safely.

• Power Loss reduced by 2+%… lowers emissions & customer bills.

DemandOptimization

DeliveryOptimization

EnergyOptimization

Thermal Generation Lines

Sub Stations

DistEquipment

Renewable Generation

VoltageControl

A “Smarter” Grid Enabled Utility Managers

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Smart Grid Trends

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Demand Optimization

Distribution Optimization

Asset Optimization

Transmission Optimization

Workforce & EngineeringDesign

Optimization

Smart Grid Holistic Solutions

Smart Meter

&

Comms

Shared Services & applications

Interoperability Framework

Transitioning from products/systems to holistic solutions

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Data

Residential,Commercial& Industrial

Substations

Consumers

HAN

Real-Time Communications

BackhaulComms

Backhaul Comms

Smart Grid Base

BackhaulComms

NMS

SmartRouter

Internet

SmartMeter

Internet

Gateway

MDMS

Firewall

EMS OMSDMS

Office

Devices

SmartRouter

UtilityOwned

Generation& Storage

Gen &Store

Distributed Energy Resource Manager

HAN

StationController

OtherIEDs & I/O

Volt Reg, LTC, Caps

Apps

LocalHMI

Protection Relays

SmartRouter

Volt/VARDevices

Volt Reg & Caps

SmartRouter

Switches & Breakers

Reclosers & SwitchesPMU

Transformer M&D

Router

OFR DPA DRIVVCFDIR WAMS Hist

Model

MgrAsset Services

SecurityAppsBiz

ToolsDesign

EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure Software Services Infra

Distribution

Optimized Solutions

Transmission

Smart Meter Systems

Demand

Asset

Wired/Wireless Substation Communications

Asset OptimizationAsset Optimization

CommunicationsInfrastructure

MicrogridController

Generation& Storage

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Data

Residential,Commercial& Industrial

Substations

Consumers

HAN

Real-Time Communications

BackhaulComms

Backhaul Comms

Smart Grid Base

BackhaulComms

NMS

SmartRouter

Internet

SmartMeter

Internet

Gateway

MDMS

Firewall

Office

Devices

SmartRouter

UtilityOwned

Generation& Storage

Gen &Store

Distributed Energy Resource Manager

HAN

MicrogridController

Generation& Storage

Router

DR Hist

Model

ServicesSecurity

AppsBiz

ToolsDesign

EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure Software Services Infra

Optimized Solutions

Smart Meter Systems

Demand

Wired/Wireless Substation Communications

Demand OptimizationDemand Optimization

CommunicationsInfrastructure

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Data

Residential,Commercial& Industrial

Consumers

HAN

Smart Grid Base

BackhaulComms

NMS

Internet

SmartMeter

Internet

Gateway

MDMS

Firewall

Office

HAN

Router

Hist

Model

ServicesSecurity

AppsBiz

ToolsDesign

EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure Software Services Infra

Optimized Solutions

Smart Meter SystemsSmart Meter System OptimizationSmart Meter System Optimization

CommunicationsInfrastructure

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Data

Residential,Commercial& Industrial

Substations

Consumers

HAN

Real-Time Communications

BackhaulComms

Backhaul Comms

Smart Grid Base

BackhaulComms

NMS

SmartRouter

Internet

SmartMeter

Internet

Gateway

MDMS

Firewall

OMSDMS

Office

Devices

SmartRouter

UtilityOwned

Generation& Storage

Gen &Store

Distributed Energy Resource Manager

HAN

StationController

OtherIEDs & I/O

Volt Reg, LTC, Caps

Apps

LocalHMI

Protection Relays

SmartRouter

Volt/VARDevices

Volt Reg & Caps

SmartRouter

Switches & Breakers

Reclosers & Switches

Router

OFR DPA DRIVVCFDIR Hist

Model

ServicesSecurity

AppsBiz

ToolsDesign

EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure Software Services Infra

Distribution

Optimized Solutions

Smart Meter Systems

Demand

Wired/Wireless Substation Communications

Distribution OptimizationDistribution Optimization

CommunicationsInfrastructure

MicrogridController

Generation& Storage

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Data

Residential,Commercial& Industrial

Substations

Consumers

HAN

Real-Time Communications

BackhaulComms

Backhaul Comms

Smart Grid Base

BackhaulComms

NMS

SmartRouter

Internet

SmartMeter

Internet

Gateway

MDMS

Firewall

EMS OMSDMS

Office

Devices

SmartRouter

UtilityOwned

Generation& Storage

Gen &Store

Distributed Energy Resource Manager

HAN

StationController

OtherIEDs & I/O

Volt Reg, LTC, Caps

Apps

LocalHMI

Protection Relays

SmartRouter

Volt/VARDevices

Volt Reg & Caps

SmartRouter

Switches & Breakers

Reclosers & SwitchesPMU

Router

OFR DPA DRIVVCFDIR WAMS Hist

Model

ServicesSecurity

AppsBiz

ToolsDesign

EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure Software Services Infra

Distribution

Optimized Solutions

Transmission

Smart Meter Systems

Demand

Wired/Wireless Substation Communications

Transmission OptimizationTransmission Optimization

CommunicationsInfrastructure

MicrogridController

Generation& Storage

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Data

Residential,Commercial& Industrial

Substations

Consumers

HAN

Real-Time Communications

BackhaulComms

Backhaul Comms

Smart Grid Base

BackhaulComms

NMS

SmartRouter

Internet

SmartMeter

Internet

Gateway

MDMS

Firewall

EMS OMSDMS GIS

Office

Devices

SmartRouter

UtilityOwned

Generation& Storage

Gen &Store

Distributed Energy Resource Manager

HAN

StationController

OtherIEDs & I/O

Volt Reg, LTC, Caps

Apps

LocalHMI

Protection Relays

SmartRouter

Volt/VARDevices

Volt Reg & Caps

SmartRouter

Switches & Breakers

Reclosers & SwitchesPMU

Transformer M&D

Mobile

Router

OFR DPA DRIVVCFDIR WAMS Hist

MobileFFA

Model

MgrAsset Services

SecurityAppsBiz

ToolsDesign

EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure

Workforce & Engr Design

Software Services Infra

Distribution

Optimized Solutions

Transmission

Smart Meter Systems

Demand

Asset

Wired/Wireless Substation Communications

Workforce & Engr. Design Opt.Workforce & Engr. Design Opt.

CommunicationsInfrastructure

MicrogridController

Generation& Storage

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Smart Grid Standards Development and Interoperability

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A Brief History

Nov. 2009 – Formation of SGIP

Jun. 2010 – Formation of SGFAC

Dec. 2011 – SGFAC Report to NIST

Dec. 2011 – NIST reports “curtailed funding” for SGIP in 2013

Apr. 2012 – Draft of SGIP 2.0 Business Sustainment Plan

May 2012 – Comments on Business Sustainment Plan from SGFAC

Jul. 2012 – Business Sustainment Plan Finalized, SGIP 2.0 incorporated

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Example: Standards FrameworkNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

… Smart Grid Conceptual Reference Model… Smart Grid Interoperability Panel Organizational Structure

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SGIP Accomplishments

Nearly 800 companies and organizations are members of SGIP

Catalog of Standards

• Hundreds of standards considered

• 42 Included in the catalog

• 14 currently being voted on

• 82 in the review/evaluation queue

International letters of intent have been signed with countries in Europe, Asia, and the Americas with many more to come

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Global Standards Collaboration

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Global Standards Collaboration - Ecuador

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Global Standards Collaboration - Colombia

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Smart Grid Standards Vision

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The Next Generation

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Highlights of SGIP Business Sustainment PlanSupport NIST responsibilities under EISA

Coordination of interoperability standards development

Identify the necessary testing and certification requirements

Oversee the performance of these activities and maintain the momentum

Educate industry stakeholders on interoperability

Establish global interoperability alignment

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Guiding Principles to Meet Our Mission

Appropriate openness/digital and face-to-face engagement and collaboration

Balance of interests/an equal seat at the table

Aiming for consensus

Harmonization and seamlessness of standards

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Priority Action

Plan (PAP)

Teams

PAP 1 PAP 2

PAP 3 PAP…

SGIP Products

(Interoperability

Knowledge Base)

Use Cases

Requirements

White Papers

Standards

Descriptions

Conceptual Model

& Roadmaps

Catalog of

Standards

Domain Expert

Working Groups

H2G

B2G

TnD

I2G

BnP

V2GDRGS

SGIP 2.0, Inc. – Board of Directors

Standing

Committees

& Working Groups

Arch

itectu

re (S

GA

C)

Testin

g &

Ce

rtificatio

n (S

GT

CC

)

Cy

be

r Se

curity

(CS

WG

)

Imp

lem

en

tatio

n M

eth

od

s (IMC

)

Elected

Chairpersons

Ex

-officio

Ex

-officio

Ex

-officio

Ex

-officio

SGIP Member

Stakeholder Category

Elected Directors (20)

Government

Agencies

• NIST

• DOE

• FERC

Ex

-officio

Ex

-officio

International

LOIs

• Japan

• Korea

• Ecuador

Coordination functions

Program Management Office (PMO)

Executive Director

• Administrative support

Technical Committee

• GasWG

• EMIIWG

Executive Committee

• ITF

• BSPWG

Nominating &

Governance Committee

• BOPWG

• IPRWG

Nominating &

Governance Committee

• BOPWG

• IPRWG

Marketing &

Membership Committee

• CMEWG

Marketing &

Membership Committee

• CMEWG

Audit Committee

Ex

-officio

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Transition Plan

Ensure everything in SGIP is accounted for

Track the major muscle movements

• Foundational Documents (Bylaws, IPR, etc.)

• Membership Campaign

• Technical Working Priorities

• Procurement Policy

• Stakeholder BoD Elections

• Budget and P&L

Establish Basic business functionality

• Staffing (Internal vs. Outsource)

• IT/Website

• Accounting

• Membership Database

Update External Relationships

• NIST

• International

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Membership Campaign

Bylaws and IPR Policy finalized on 10/10/12

Membership packets sent on 10/12/12

• Electronic copies to all 1,900 SGIP members

• Hard copies mailed to member company “primary contacts”

• 15 additional requests for packets received in first 24 hours

• Minor tweaks being make to SGIP home page

• Issues being worked in Nominating & Governance, and Membership & Marketing committees– Non-profit vs. not-for-profit

– Member company acquisitions

Stakeholder Ambassador Presentations

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www.SGIP.org

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Smart Grid Recent Deployments and Lessons Learned

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AEP Smart Grid ProjectSummary

• American Electric Power is one of the largest electric utilities in the United States, delivering electricity to more than 5 million customers in 11 states

• 36,000 MW of generating capacity; 39K miles of transmission lines, 208K miles of distribution lines

Drivers

• Enhanced Customer Experience (Customer control, tools to understand usage)

• Operational Efficiencies (Reduce operational costs of the network)

• Energy Efficiency

• Utilize AMI infrastructure for Automation

Status

• Partnership developed to work together toward developing, demonstrating, & deploying Smart Grid solutions.

• Implement Smart Grid solutions to over 5MM customers by 2015

• First Smart Grid pilot complete in South Bend, IN. Next city-scale project in planning phase.

• GE and AEP working as partners to develop most effective Smart Grid

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Substations

FiberBackhaul Comms

Fiber Backhaul Comms

StationController

Dispatch

WirelessBackhaulComms

Smart Meter

StationIEDs & I/O

Backhaul Comms

ProtectionRelays

Devices

Smart Recloser& Switches

Transformer Monitoring & Diagnostics

Station Capacitor

Volt Reg or LTC

WirelessBackhaulComms

LocalHMI

FDIRCVVC

Adv ApsWAMS, IVVC, FDIR, DPA, DR, DER . . .

MicrogridController

Cap Banks

DNP Cap Controller

Voltage Reg

DNP Volt Regulator

Gen &Storage

LAN

Smart Meter

Residential

HAN

LargeDistributedGen &

Storage

Feeders

Consumers

Commercial& Industrial

WirelessAMI

BackhaulComms

Backhaul Comms

Backhaul Comms

Vehicles

ElectricOffice

FFA & Mobile Map

MDMSNMSEMS

SubstationDevices

Backhaul Comms

Substations

AMI Access

Integration with Business Applications

OMS M&D DMS

DistributionSubstations

AEP Project – Integrated System View

G&S

G&S

PMU

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AEP Project – Solutions DeliveredDemand Optimization

• Smart meters with AMI

• Time of use pricing

• Home Area Network

• Smart Appliances

Delivery Optimization

• Integrated Volt/Var Control

• Analysis of theoretical and measured results

• Analysis of financial benefits (MW, MWH, MVAR, and MVARH savings)

• Smart meters linked to Outage Management System (OMS)

• GENe DMS

• Poweron OMS

• Integration of DMS and OMS

• Leverage AMI for Distribution Automation

Asset Optimization

• Remote transformer monitoring of “at-risk” transformers.

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Maui Smart Grid ProjectDevelop a Smart Grid controls and communication architecture capable of coordinating DG, energy storage and loads to:

• Reduce peak load by 15% relative to loading on the distribution circuit.

• Mitigate the impacts of short-timescale wind and solar variability on the grid

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Maui - Functional Description

Demand Mgmt•Home Response Estimation•Shed Capacity Aggregation•Operator Decision•Disaggregation to Nodes•Home Selection

Volt/Var Control•Minimize Losses and Control Voltage profile

•Operating constraints:•Vmin<Vbus<Vmax•Minimum number of switching

•Max tap jumping steps • Power Flow solver• Load Forecasting/Estimation

Wind plant

Management

LTC/VR

Bulk Storage

Substation

DGs

Home Energy Manager• Optimal thermostat Setpoints for all the thermal zones

•Optimal water tank temperature setpoint;

• Controlling and managing loads;

• Providing total electricity and fuel costs.

DER Manager

•Optimal Dispatch

E

N

M

A

C

On/off

Tap Value

kW, kVAR, time

kWh, time

Forecasted kW, wind speed, ramp rate, curtailments

Deferrable, sheddable load, actual loads deferred/shed

Cap-banks

Available generation, load and forecasts,

energy price

Available generation, load, energy price, forecasts of all the above

Trans. level grid support• load-following• Intermittency management• Congestion reduction

Historical data,, amb temp, cost of

gas/elec, grid status. Elec. price

forecast.

??

Network Mgmt

FEP

SCADA

Standard Apps:

Outage Mgmt

Network Analysis

MECO EMS

• Economic Dispatch•Unit commitment

Operator

Demand Mgmt•Home Response Estimation•Shed Capacity Aggregation•Operator Decision•Disaggregation to Nodes•Home Selection

Volt/Var Control•Minimize Losses and Control Voltage profile

•Operating constraints:•Vmin<Vbus<Vmax•Minimum number of switching

•Max tap jumping steps • Power Flow solver• Load Forecasting/Estimation

Wind plant

Management

LTC/VR

Bulk Storage

Substation

DGs

Home Energy Manager• Optimal thermostat Setpoints for all the thermal zones

•Optimal water tank temperature setpoint;

• Controlling and managing loads;

• Providing total electricity and fuel costs.

DER Manager

•Optimal Dispatch

E

N

M

A

C

On/off

Tap Value

kW, kVAR, time

kWh, time

Forecasted kW, wind speed, ramp rate, curtailments

Deferrable, sheddable load, actual loads deferred/shed

Cap-banks

Available generation, load and forecasts,

energy price

Available generation, load, energy price, forecasts of all the above

Trans. level grid support• load-following• Intermittency management• Congestion reduction

Historical data,, amb temp, cost of

gas/elec, grid status. Elec. price

forecast.

??

Network Mgmt

FEP

SCADA

Standard Apps:

Outage Mgmt

Network Analysis

MECO EMS

• Economic Dispatch•Unit commitment

Operator

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• $200M smart grid initiative

• ~800-1,000 “green collar” jobs

• Public/private alliance� GE� City of Miami� FPL� Cisco� Silver Spring Networks

• ~1MM customers involved� Smart Meters� Demand Management� Distribution Automation � Substation Intelligence� Distributed Generation� Enterprise Systems

“It’s time for action. With projects like Energy Smart Miami, we can stimulate the economy today and build a brighter, cleaner tomorrow. It’s truly a win-win.”

Carol BrownerAssistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change

Collaborations & alliances are critical

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Miami proposes to lead the nation in energy efficiency with $200 million smart grid initiative

Scope and revenue

• Average city scope ~200k endpoints

• Revenue pool ~$500/endpoint

• ~20 cities in wave 1 …. New York, Chicago, Detroit, San Francisco, London, Lyons

• Implementation over 2-3 yrs

Global growth + city scale expansion … $1B/yr opportunity

Energy smart cities

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Smart Grid Lessons LearnedTechnology:

• Challenge: “Hype” versus “Reality”• Utility expectations were that basic SG solutions were “shovel–ready”

• Reality - Component technology was not as mature as advertised when combined to create a Smart Grid Solution

• In many cases components were field re-engineered or upgraded to meet objectives and expectations

• Challenge: Integration / Interoperability• Integrating multiple supplier products to create a SG solution

• Lesson Learned: adopt and insist on standards and open architecture methodology – drive for plug and play solutions

• Test, Test, Test• Lesson Learned: Extensive lab testing for “SG Solutions” is mandatory

prior to implementation – understand the capabilities

• Re-do’s are expensive and time consuming!

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Smart Grid Lessons LearnedImplementation & Deployment:

• Challenge: Coordinating multiple suppliers

• Managing equipment, shipments & delivery – pieces and parts along with assembly required for implementation (e.g., radio, controller, AMI network, substation equipment with software)

• Coordinating software functionality with multi-supplier hardware and AMI

• Lesson Learned: Minimize niche suppliers – prefer alliance suppliers with strong engineering and solution teams

• Challenge: Coordinating multiple internal departments

• Managing Substation and Distribution Engineering, Protection and Control, Communications and Construction

• Lesson Learned: Engage 1 Project Manager for each Smart Grid solution with multi-discipline authority

• Prefer packaged solutions from fewer suppliers – minimize the finger-pointing

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Smart Grid Lessons LearnedProject Management:

• Establish Program Management Office• Multiple Project Managers reporting to the Program Manager

• Adhere to PM guidelines such as Communication, Status Reporting, Risk Management, etc.

• Build an “A” team with project and technical members – there will be challenges to collectively solve

• Establish Corporate Steering Committee• Key status meetings with Utility Executives and Alliance Suppliers

• Escalation and Risk Mitigation in timely manner is critical

• Build Strategic Alliances with Key Suppliers• Define, Engineer and Build the Smart Grid solutions collectively

• Alliance Supplier provides “On-site” management and technical support

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Smart Grid Lessons LearnedChange Management:

• Smart Grid solutions involve multiple stakeholders (actors)• Residential / Commercial customers are now a “Major Stakeholder”

• For example: PCT’s, In-home devices, utility incentivized customer programs, 2-way communication with the Utility

• Define and develop “Use-Cases” for each component of Smart Grid• Use-Cases provide – a scenario description, defines the benefits,

actors, functional requirements, and business rules and assumptions

• Lesson Learned: Use-cases form the basis for the benefits achieved, functional requirements, development, and training

• Smart Grid actors require “Significant Training” on the operation and maintenance of the deployed system (i.e., Operations Center, Communications, Customer Call Center, Engineering, Field Crews, etc.)

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IEEE Potentials Article

November/December 2011

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Go West Young Man – My First Job

Don’t let a disappointing work situation affect your attitude and work, because it will change

No one is indispensable and continue to do more than expected and provide value to the company

Practice “precision without accuracy” in all engineering work

Get an MBA and know how to build the business case for a technical project

Get a PE license as soon as you have the required work experience (assuming you have passed the FE exam)

Serve as a mentor for young engineers

Get involved in outside activities (IEEE PES) giving talks, teaching courses and developing industry standards

John at work at Bechtel in 1975

Lessons Learned

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Thank You!