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Shoulder Girdle
KIN 245
Bones of the Shoulder Girdle
Scapula (shoulder) Clavicle (small key) Link to Axial skeleton via sternoclavicular joint (an
anterior joint) Lack of posterior attachment to the axial skeleton
allows for a wide ROM Functions to allow attachment areas for numerous
muscles that move the shoulder and elbow
Landmarks
Borders superior, medial, lateral
Angles inferior, superior
Acromion process Spine of scapula Glenoid fossa Coracoid process (like a crow’s beak) Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapular fossa
Joints of theShoulder Girdle Sternoclavicular
sternum (manibrum) and clavicle arthrodial (gliding) joint ligaments
anterior sternoclavicular ligament posterior sternoclavicular ligament costoclavicular ligament interclavicular ligament
Joints of theShoulder Girdle Acromioclavicular
Acromion Process of scapula and clavicle arthrodial (gliding) joint ligaments
coracoclavicular ligaments trapezoid ligament conoid ligament
superior & inferior acromioclavicular ligaments
Joints of theShoulder Girdle Scapulothoracic Joint
Scapula and thoracic region not really synovial joint supported by muscles, not ligaments
Movements allowed bythe Shoulder Girdle Abduction (Protraction) Adduction (Retraction) Inward (downward) rotation: inferior angle
moves medially Outward (upward) rotation Depression: inferior movement Elevation: superior movement
Muscles of theShoulder Girdle Posterior
trapezius levator scapula rhomboids (major and minor)
Anterior pectoralis minor seratus anterior subclavius
Trapezius (p134)
Origin: Superior nuchal line Occipital protuberance Ligamentum nuchae C7 and T12 vetebrae
Trapezius
Insertion Lateral 1/3 of clavicle Acromion process of scapula Spine of scapula
Trapezius
Action Scapula
adduction elevation depression outward rotation
Head extension / hyperextension rotation lateral flexion
Levator Scapulae (p129)
Origin Transverse processes of the 1st four cervical
vertebrae Insertion
Vertebral (medial) border of the scapula above base of scapular spine
Action Scapula elevation, inward rotation, adduction
Rhomboid Muscles (p131)
Origin Lower part of ligamentum nuchae Spinous process of the 7th cervical and 1st five
thoracic vert. Insertion
Vertebral border of the scapula
Rhomboid Muscles
Action Scapular
adduction inward rotation elevation
Serratus Anterior (p132)
Origin lateral, anterior surface of the upper 8/9 ribs
Insertion Anterior aspect of the vertebral border of the
scapula
Serratus Anterior
Action Scapular
abduction outward rotation depression
Pectoralis Minor (p130)
Origin Anterior surfaces of the 3rd - 5th ribs
Insertion Coracoid process of scapula
Action Rib elevation Scapular depression
Subclavius (p133)
Origin Superior aspect of 1st rib (around costal cartilage)
Insertion Inferior groove mid-portion of clavicle
Action scapular depression stabilization of sternoclavicular jt.
Summary
Shoulder Girdle bones: clavicle, scapula joints:
sternoclavicular acromioclavicular scapulothoracic
muscles anterior: pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius
posterior: levator scapulae, rhomboids, trapezius
Shoulder Girdle
The arm travels through a wide range of movements, the scapula cooperates by placing the glenoid fossa in the most favorable position for the head of the humerus (scapulohumeral rhythm)
Movements of the Shoulder Girdle Clavicle
elevation, depression protraction, retraction (or forward and backward horizontal
movements)
Scapula elevation, depression abduction, adduction inward and outward rotation
Muscle Analysis Chart
Identify muscles that move the scapula abduction adduction elevation depression upward rotation downward rotation
Muscles that move the scapula abduction
serratus anterior pectoralis minor
adduction trapezius (middle and lower fibers) rhomboids
Muscles that move the scapula elevation
trapezius (upper & middle fibers) levator scapulae rhomboids (slight)
depression trapezius (lower fibers) pectoralis minor subclavius (clavicle depression)
Muscles that move the scapula outward rotation
trapezius (middle and lower fibers) serratus anterior
inward rotation rhomboids Levator scapulae
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