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Putting It TogetherAn ER verb assembly kit
Putting It TogetherAn ER verb assembly kit
A do-it-yourself program for constructing complete thoughts and actions using regular ER verbs
Setup
Getting Started
Projects
FAQ’s
Setup
The process of verb conjugation
Parts and accessories
La Conjugaison des VerbesVerb Conjugation
So what is conjugation? What does “conjugate” mean?
In grammatical terms, it’s…
Taking the infinitive form of the verb (such as: to have, to eat, to dance, to speak, etc) and changing it to agree with the subject of the verb (the person/object performing the action)
Lost? Don’t you worry. We conjugate verbs in English every day! How???
La Conjugaison des VerbesVerb Conjugation
Watch carefully as our verb repair specialty crew conjugates an English verb in the present tense.
To have
I have We have
You have You (pl) have
He/She has They have
La Conjugaison des VerbesVerb Conjugation
Don’t they do excellent work? Here are some other familiar projects:
to dance to eat
I dance We dance
You dance You (pl) dance
He/She dances They dance
I eat We eat
You eat You (pl) eat
He/She eats They eat
Is it making sense yet? We change “to dance” to “dance” or “dances” depending on who we’re talking about (I, You, They). The same goes for “to eat.” Try a few on your own:
La Conjugaison des VerbesVerb Conjugation
Here are a few verbs to try. Remember to use the present tense!
to watch
I watch We watch
You watch You (pl) watch
He/She watches They watch
to work
I work We work
You work You (pl) work
He/She works They work
How did you do?
C’est facile, n’est-ce pas?
Now that you are experts, lets check out the nuts and bolts of conjugating French verbs.
La Conjugaison des VerbesVerb Conjugation
Would you say…
I is? You be? He are?
She work?
They watches? I to be?
You to work?
Oops! Of course not! Conjugated verbs are not interchangeable! It sounds ridiculous! It’s the same way with the French language.
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
In order to be a successful verb conjugator, you will need to know the following 4 terms:
Stem-
Infinitive-
The verb by itself: téléphoner, parler, surfer, regarderWhat others can you name?
The verb without the er: téléphon, parl, surf, regard
Subject-The person or thing doing the action (je, vous, la télé)
travailler
envoyer étudier écouter chanter
Ending-
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
And most importantly:
The combination of letters that we put in place of the “er” that we dropped earlier. Each pronoun has it’s own ending to be used.
Below is a chart that gives these endings
-ER Endings
Jee [—] Nou
sons
[ohn]
Tu es [—] Vous
ez [ay]
Il/ Elle
e [—]Ils/
Ellesent [—]
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
Subject Infinitive Stem Ending
The worker: The drill packaging:
The drill: (packaging removed)
The drill bits:
Or think of it this way:
surfer, regarder, chanter, parler
er
Je, Tu, Nous, la fille, Ils
surf, regard, chant, parl
e, es, e, ons, ez, ent
The worker chooses the bit for each drill!!!
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
Ok, here’s the drill : Try to conjugate these French verbs by following the 4 simple steps:
1. Take note of the worker2. Choose your drill package3. Remove ALL er packaging from the drill
(how else are you going to use it?)4. Select the correct bit for the worker given *Notice, there are 6 workers for each verb!*
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
parler
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
TuIl/Elle
parler
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
chanter
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
surfer
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
écouter
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
Go to the next page to see how you did!
Je parle
Tu parles
Il/Elle parle
parler
Nous parlons
Vous parlez
Ils/Elles parlent
Je chante
Tu chantes
Il/Elle chante
chanter
Nous chantonsVous chantez
Ils/Elles chantent
Je surfe
Tu surfes
Il/Elle surfe
surfer
Nous surfons
Vous surfez
Ils/Elles surfent
J’écoute
Tu écoutes
Il/Elle écoute
écouter
Nous écoutons
Vous écoutez
Ils/Elles écoutent
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
How did you do? Ready for a new twist?
Getting Started
Parts Review
The Rule of THREE
Parts ReviewSurveying the Foundation
You should know the following terms before proceeding:
-conjugate
-subject
-infinitive
-stem
-ending
Remember, when putting something together, it’s always better to have a strong foundation than a weak one. You want what you are making to last, right? Make sure your foundation is strong before you begin further building.
La Règle de TROISThe Rule of THREE
1
2
3
Most conjugated forms of an ER verb sound the same (even though their spellings are different), so you only have to learn THREE pronunciations!
There are THREE “Special G” verbs that break the rules for conjugating the nous form:
-nager -voyager -manger
Each conjugated form of an ER verb in the present tense has THREE meanings.
1Most conjugated forms of an ER verb sound the same (even though their spellings are different), so you only have to learn THREE pronunciations!
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
For example, let’s conjugate:
Say them to yourself:
danse = [dahnss]
danses = [dahnss]
danse = [dahnss]
dansons = [dahnss-ohn]
dansez = [dahnss-ay]
dansent = [dahnss]
danser
Nous dansons
Tu danses
Il/Elle danse
Je danse
Vous dansez
Ils/Elles dansent
danser
Je danse Nous dansons
Tu danses Vous dansez
Il/Elle danse Ils/Elles dansent
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
Trois Pononciations!
1. [dahnss] 2. [dahnss-ohn] 3. [danss-ay]
How does it work?
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
When you take off the packaging (er), you get the stem (the drill).
The stem is pronounced just like it looks. It’s like saying the infinitive form without the ER sound at the end:
Infinitive drop ER = Stem
-étudier [ay] = étudi [ay-too-dee]
-chanter [ay] = chant [shant]
-écouter [ay] = écout [ay-coot]
And then…
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
Add the bit! As a quick reminder, here are the pronunciations of each bit (ending)
Do you see the 4 bits that have the same pronunciation?
-ER Endings
Je e [—] Nous ons [ohn]
Tu es [—] Vous ez [ay]
Il/ Elle e [—] Ils/Elles ent [—]
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
Let’s try it with dîner:
Subject(worker)
+Stem(drill)
+Ending
(bit)Result
Je + dîn [deen] + e [-] dîne [deen]
Tu + dîn [deen] + es [-] dînes [deen]
Il/Elle + dîn [deen] + e [-] dîne [deen]
Nous + dîn [deen] +ons[ohn
]dînons [deen-ohn]
Vous + dîn [deen] + ez[eh] dînez [deen-ay]
Ils/Elles + dîn [deen] + ent [-] dînent [deen]
TROIS PrononciationsThree Pronunciations
Subject(worker)
+Stem(drill)
+Ending
(bit)Result
Je + dîn [deen] + e [-] dîne [deen]
Tu + dîn [deen] + es [-] dînes [deen]
Il/Elle + dîn [deen] + e [-] dîne [deen]
Nous + dîn [deen] +ons[ohn
]dînons [deen-ohn]
Vous + dîn [deen] + ez[eh] dînez [deen-ay]
Ils/Elles + dîn [deen] + ent [-] dînent [deen]
Do you see the 4 bits that have the same pronunciation?
Les exemples au Web
More examples: (click on link to hear authentic pronunciation)
http://www.laits.utexas.edu/tex/gr/ver1.html
2There are THREE “Special G” verbs that break the rules for conjugating the nous form:
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
These three “special G” verbs are:
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
nager
voyager
manger
They are all three ER verbs with a “G” before the –er.
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
voyager
Je voyageNous voyageons
Tu voyagesVous voyagez
Il/Elle voyage
Ils/Elles voyagent
nager
Je nageNous nageons
Tu nages Vous nagez
Il/Elle nageIls/Elles nagent
manger
Je mange Nous mangeons
Tu manges Vous mangez
Il/Elle mange Ils/Elles mangent
For these “special G” verbs, the “Nous” form is different. What changes?
Why? (think pronunciation)
Something about the spelling has changed…
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
-We’ve added an “e” between the “g” and “ons”
-Why?
-So we can keep the [zsh] sound in all the verb forms (je, tu, nous, vous, etc) consistently.
And if we didn’t?
-We’d have: nagons [nah – gohn]
voyagons [voy –a-gohn]
mangon [mah –gohn]
And the French
would say…
So what changes?
[nah-gohn]??? NON!!! C’est horrible! Quelle horreur!!!! Et [voy-a-gohn]?!? Quelle mauvaise prononciation!!!!
Oh là là! Fermez les oreilles!!! [mahn-gohn]??? Zut! C’est un massacre de la langue française! NON! NON! NON!!!
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
So… in the interest of positive foreign relations, let’s remember:
-The “NOUS” form is special for nager, voyager, and manger
-In the “NOUS” form of these three verbs, we need to insert and “e” after the “g” to make the pronunciation sound nice
SPECIAL “G” needs an “E” to sound “JOLI!” (pretty)
3 pronunciations, 3 special “G” verbs, and now…
TROIS SensThree Meanings
3Each conjugated form of an ER verb in the present tense has THREE meanings.
TROIS SensThree Meanings
For example, let’s conjugate:
voyager
Je voyage Nous voyageons
Tu voyages Vous voyagez
Il/Elle voyage Ils/Elles voyagent
“Je voyage” has three meanings: I travel, I am traveling, I do travel
“Ils/Elles voyagent” has three meanings: They travel, they are traveling, and they do travel
TROIS SensThree Meanings
Need a few more examples?
Nous discoutons
We chat
We are chatting
We do chat Elles écoutent
They listen
They are listening
They do listen Je danse
I dance
I am dancing
I do dance
La Règle de TROISThe Rule of THREE
Et
VOILÀ!
Conjugate while remembering these three rules and you’ll create a masterpiece every time!
And speaking of masterpieces… lets put it all together and try your handiwork…
Projects
Les ProjetsProjects
Visit the following sites and try to activities to test your newfound skills and knowledge:
http://atschool.eduweb.co.uk/rgshiwyc/school/curric/HotPotatoes/index.htm (click on “Français, scroll down and select Present Tense, click on Regular –ER Verbs)
http://french.about.com/library/weekly/aa101199t.htm
http://www.quia.com/mc/66100.html (you may play several times)
http://www.laits.utexas.edu/tex/gr/ver1.html (scroll down towards the bottom, starting with “fill in the blanks”)
Be sure to record your scores on the activity sheet!
FAQ’s
Les Questions FréquentesFrequently Asked Questions
Technical Questions:
Instead of dropping the “er” when conjugating a verb, can’t I just drop the “r”?
What you’re really asking:
Can’t I leave some of the packaging and still use the drill without any problems?
Answer:
NO! It may seem like it doesn’t make a difference, but it is a bad habit to start! Some -er verbs have fancier endings and cannot be conjugated by just dropping the “r”. Conjugation will not turn out properly… nor will your project if you leave the packaging on the drill!
Les Questions FréquentesFrequently Asked Questions
Technical Questions:
Why is the “e” missing in “Je” when I conjugate verbs like “aimer, habiter, écouter, inviter, etc.”
What you’re really asking:
Is the “Je” worker picky about certain drills?
Answer:
Yes, the “Je” worker is picky. If the drill it wants to use begins with the vowels “a,e, or i” or a vowel sound, it likes to eliminate the “e” in “Je” and put an apostrophe in it’s place. For example: J’habite, J’aime, J’invite.
Les Questions FréquentesFrequently Asked Questions
Technical Questions:
Will “je suis parle” or “je suis parler” work instead of saying “je parle” to mean “I am speaking”?
What you’re really asking:
Can’t a worker use two drills at the same time with or without the correct bit?
Answer:
NO! It’s dangerous and makes no sense! “Je parle” already means “I am speaking.” “Je suis parle,”translates to “I am am speaking.” “Je suis parler,” means “I am to speak.” Do not put any form of être (suis, es, est, sommes, êtes, sont) in front of any verb!!! (you’d be using two drills… être and another verb)
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