Prospects of Coalbed Methane and Coal Mine Methane in India of Coalbed... · Coal Mine Methane in...

Prospects of Coalbed Methane and Coal Mine Methane in India

Prospects of Coalbed Methane and Coal Mine Methane in India

Ajay Kumar Singh

CIMFR (CSIR), DHANBAD-826 015

National Research Conference on Climate Change

IIT Delhi

5 March 2010

INTRODUCTION

• India, third largest producer of coal.

• Fourth in coal resources.

• In two geological

Gondwana Coal of drift originTertiary coal

Genesis of CBM

Fracture system, cleats in coal

Butt cleats and face cleats

Microscopic view of the Micropores structure of coal

Macropores (>500 Macropores (>500 ÅÅ), ), Mesopores (20 to 500 Mesopores (20 to 500 ÅÅ) ) Micropores (8 to 20 Micropores (8 to 20 ÅÅ))

Transport of Gas

WHY CONSIDER CBM?

FloorNOT TO SCALE

2m

Roof

4.2m

Cover

What about surface mines???

Year CH4 Emission 1994 0.650 1996 0.688 1998 0.703 2000 0.716 2010 ??

CH4 Emission Estimates in Tg - Coal Mining in India

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030Year

Met

hane

Em

issi

on (T

g)

Trend of CH4 Emission

Country 2000MethaneReleased

(M m3)

2000CO2Equivalent

(MMT)

2010MethaneReleased

(M m3)

2010CO2Equivalent

(MMT)

China 10,000 142.7 15,753 224.7US 5,461 77.0 5,748 82.0Russia 2,236 31.9 2,138 30.5Australia 1,381 19.7 2,004 28.6Ukraine 1,970 28.1 1,689 24.1India 683 9.7 1,319 18.8Poland 1,037 14.8 939 13.4Germany 1,030 14.7 764 10.9South Africa 496 7.1 506 7.2Kazakhstan 488 7.0 447 6.4UK 365 5.2 343 4.9Czech Republic 351 5.0 266 3.8Turkey 123 1.8 184 2.6Japan 133 1.9 147 2.1Canada 98 1.4 91 1.3

Global CMM Emission

SOLUTION???

Tremendous Potential for CMM Emission Reduction

• One CMM Project at one mine may:- Reduce emissions by 100,000 -1,000,000+

tons/ year CO2 equivalent

• Significant Global Potential:- Total Global: 475-500 million tons

Emissions CO2 equivalent/year- Short term: 85-150 million tons/year

Reductions- Long term: 150-300 million tons/year

Reductions

Production of CBM, What really happens?

DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CBM

• VCBM

• CMM

• AMM

• VAM

GasWater

Typical VCBM Well in Production

Coal Mine Methane

Types of gas drainage and capture techniques in coal mining Underground Horizontal and Cross–Measure wells

•Horizontal wells drilled typically 200 to 400m•Several hundred drilled and connected to a surface based vacuum pump•Wells can be left on suction during and after mining though with significant damage due to goafing

Methane from Goaf

Types of gas drainage and capture techniques in coal mining Vertical Pre-Mining gob wells and Underground Horizontal wells

•Gob wells drilled from the surface to about 20m above the coal•Fracture and gob formation increases permeability of the gas bearing strata•Gas is brought to surface under vacuum (-40KPA)•CH4 % varies during the life of a gob well•Pre-mining gas drainage wells can have permeability increased via fracing or enhanced drilling technology such as Medium Radius Drilling

VAM Utilisation

Opportunities in India

Early Tertiary (c. 60Ma) near-shore peri-cratonic basins and shelves.

Coal occurs in two stratigraphic horizons

Permian sediments (c. 290Ma) mostly deposited in Intracratonic Gondwana basins.

%

%

%

%

%

%

m m m

m

m

mmmm

m

m

m

Lucknow

Patna

Calcutta

Bhubaneswar

Hyderabad

Bhopal

80° 84° 88°

2

1

84°

16°

20°

24°

69

55

71

51

66

68

76

3541

64

56 57

656775

27

37

58

77

50 4548

73

42 38

74

32

46

47

70

72

54

52

3430

78

3653

6263

61

59

60

4944 43

39

40

3331 28

29

22

26

80°

22. Singrimari26. Darjeeling27. Rajmahal28. Birbhum29. Tangsuli30. Kundait Kariah

33,34. Giridih

31. Saharjuri32. Jainti

36. Barjora

38. East Bokaro

40. Ramgarh

42. South Karanpura43. Chope44. Itkhori45. Auranga46. Hutar

48,49,50. Tatapani-Ramkola47. Daltonganj

35. Raniganj

39. West Bokaro

41. North Karanpura

37. Jharia

88°

51. Singrauli52. Korar53. Umaria54. Johila55. Sihagpur56. Sonhat-Jhilimili57. Bisrampur58. Lakhanpur59. Panchbahini60. Dhamamunda61. Koreagarh62. Chirimiri63. Sendurgarh64. Hasdo-Arand65. Korba66. Mand-Raigarh67. Ib River68. Talcher69. Godavari70. Yellendu71. Wardha72. Bander73. Umrer74. Kamptee75. Pench-Kanhan76. Pathakhera77. Tawa78. Mohpani

500 0 500 Kilometerskm

%%

%

%

%

%

%%

%

mm

m

m

m m m

m

m

Shillong

23

1

234

2425

56

87

910

22 20 1119 14 12151321

18 16

17

1. Miao-bum 2. Namchik-Namphuk 3. Makum 4. Dilli-Jeypore 5. Tiju 6. Borjan 7. Tuen Sang 8. Jhanzi-Disai 9. Koilajan10. Diphu11. Bapung12. Pynursla

Tertiary Coalfields

13. Cherrapunji14. Laitryngew15. Mawsynram16. Mawlong Shella17. Langrin18. Balphakram-Pendenggru19. West Darangiri20. Rongrenggri21. Siju

22. Singrimari23. Abor Hills24. Daphla Hills25. Aka Hills

Gondwana Coalfields

92°

28°

96°

28°

24°

92° 88° 84°

24°

GangtokItanagar

Dispur

Kohima

Imphal

AizawlAgartala

Shillong

Calcutta

100 0 100 km

Tertiary coalfields

Lower Gondwana coalfields

1. Characterisation of resource on chemical, petrographic and gas desorption parameters at exploration stage.

2. Reservoir Modelling/Production Testing.3. Choice of Appropriate Technology.

EMERGING POSSIBILITIES OF EXPLOITING CBM/CMM & ECBM

requires

forOptimal utilisation of resource both at short and long term perspective

POSSIBLE AREAS FOR DEEPER (>300M) LEVEL COAL RESOURCE POSSIBLE AREAS FOR DEEPER

(>300M) LEVEL COAL RESOURCESouth Eastern part of Jharia Coalfield

Western part of Ib-River & Talcher Coalfield

Westcentral part of Mand-Raigarh Coalfield

Central part of main basin, Singrauli Coalfield

Eastern part of Birbhum-Rajmahal Coalfield

Eastern part of Pench-Kanhan Coalfield

Central part of north Godavari Coalfield

Eastern part of Raniganj Coalfield

FORMATIONFORMATION

Intrusives

RaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarTalchirBasement

THICKNESSTHICKNESS

725m850m1130m225m

--

COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness

22 (0.1m-4.7m)

46 (0.3m-33.0m)

JHARIACOALFIELD

COAL RESOURCE

0-600m -- 14.2 bt

600m-1200m -- 5.2 bt0 – 1200m – 19.4 bt

Salient features

Deeper level

EAST BOKAROCOALFIELD

FORMATIONFORMATION

MahadevaPanchetRaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarTalchirBasement

THICKNESSTHICKNESS

500m

600m600m500m1000m80m

--

COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness

7 (0.4m-3.0m)

26 (0.4m-63.9m)

COAL RESOURCE

0-300m -- 3.2 bt300m-600m -- 1.5 bt600m-1200m -- 2.3 bt0 – 1200m -- 7.0 bt

Salient features

Deeper level

FORMATIONFORMATION

MahadevaPanchetRaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarKarharbariTalchirBasement

THICKNESSTHICKNESS

165m

225m400m385m500m200m180m

--

COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness

thin bands

5 (0.5m-35.2m)1 (0.5m-10.5m)

COAL RESOURCE

0-300m -- 10.3 bt300m-600m -- 4.3 bt

0 – 1200m – 14.6 bt

Salient Salient featuresfeatures

NORTH

KARANPURA

COALFIELD

Deeper level

SOUTH KARANPURA COALFIELD

FORMATIONFORMATION

RaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarTalchirBasement

THICKNESSTHICKNESS

360m385m1050m180m

--

COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness7 (0.8m-3.3m)

42 (0.5m-54.2m)

COAL RESOURCE

0-300m -- 3.3 bt300m-600m -- 1.8 bt600m-1200m -- 0.9 bt

0 – 1200m – 6.0 bt

Salient features

Deeper level

Category I

Gondwana Coals ranking high volatile bituminous A and above.

Jharia, Bokaro, Raniganj and North Karanpura Coalfields.

Category II

Gondwana Coals ranking high volatile bituminous A and below.

South Karanpura, Raniganj, Pench-Kanhan and Sohagpur Coalfields.

Category III

Low rank Gondwana Coals.

Talchir, Ib, Pranhita- Godavari Valley and Wardha Valley Coal field.

Category IV

Tertiary Coals / Lignite resources.

Cambay, Bikaneer- Nagaaur, Barmer, Assam- Arakan, Cauvery and Himalayan Foot Hills Basins.

Chronology of CBM Development in India

• CBM policy formulated in 1997• First offer of CBM blocks announced in

May 2001.• One block awarded on nomination basis.• Contract signed for 5 blocks awarded

under Round – I in 2002. Two more blocks awarded under nomination basis.

• Contract signed for 8 blocks awarded under Round-II in 2004.

• Contract signed for 10 blocks offered under Round – III in 2006.

• Blocks awarded till date – 26• Area awarded – 13,600 sq. km.• Total CB Resources – 1374 BCM.• Expected Production Potential – 38

MMSCMD.• Present Gas production from 3 blocks:

RG (S), SP (E), SP (W) – 0.18 MMSCMD.• Expected CBM production from 3 blocks

by 2013 – 7.4 MMSCMD.

PRESENT STATUS OF CBM BLOCKS

THANK YOU

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