Zahoor_abbasi Coalbed Methane

8/2/2019 Zahoor_abbasi Coalbed Methane

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Untapped EnergResource of Pakist

Concept Presentation by:

Zahoor Abbasi Delta Enginee

San Diego, California.

Coalbed Methane


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Methane (natural gas), generally associated with

petroleum, also occurs within coal deposits.

Primary energy source

of natural gas isMethane


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What is Coalbed Methane (CBM)?

During the coalification

process, large quantities

of methane gas aregenerated and stored

within the coal seams.


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Biogenic Methane- formed by bacterialaction in the coal, usually found in low

ranking coals.

Thermogenic Methane- formed by heat

and pressure, usually found in high

ranking coals.


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Coalbed Methane is different from UCG

Methane recovery from Coal

is a totally non destructive

environment friendly process.

UCG burns and destroys the

Coal and pollutes Groundwater

with deadly toxins.


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Coal retains its integrity as a minable resource

Methane recovery

has no effect on the

physical or chemical

properties of coal.


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Coal acts as both the

source and storage

reservoir for Methane

Coal is naturally fractured

with regularly spaced,fractures known as cleats


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Coalbed Methane (CBM)

CBM exists in a nearliquid state, as a

monomolecular layer

lining the micro-poreswithin the coal matrix

and in open fractures.


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*Note that this process is adsorption, and not absorption

Methane is stored within the

coal by a process known as

adsorption*.

Methane molecules adhere

to the surface of coal, held in

place by hydrostatic pressure

Coal Geology - CBM Concepts


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Desorption Gas release

As the pressure in the

coal seam is reduced,methane is desorbed

and released.

CH4

CH4

CH4

CH4


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Methane diffuses

through the coal,

flows through the

fracture system andon to be produced.

1

CH4

CH4


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1

CH4CH4


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Unlike a conventional reservoir.

Natural gas in coal is stored on the (very large)

internal surface areas within the coal structure.

Coal can store 6 to 7 times more gas than a

conventional gas reservoir of equal rock volume.


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CBM Recovery

A bore hole is drilled

into the coal seamand a recovery well is

installed.


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As water is pumpedout and the pressure

within the coal seam is

reduced, the trappedMethane is released.


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Produced water is sent

to a separator in order to

recover any dissolved gas

The water is re-injected

into the formations, or

sent for further treatmen

1


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Drill, Case & Complete: $200,000 per well.U.S. Department of Energy.

Much of the coal, and thus

the methane, lie at shallow

depths, making wells easy

to drill and inexpensive tocomplete.


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2010 U.S. CBM production 1.90 Tcf (5,200 Mmcf

8% of the total U.S. natural gas consumption of 2

Tcf


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1

Location CBM Reserves (Tcf

Green River Basin, Utah 134

Piceance Basin, Colorado 99

San Juan Basin, Colorado 90

Northern Appalachian Basin 61

Powder River Basin, Wyoming 60

Black Warrior Basin, 23

Western Washington Basin 24

Illinois Basin 21

Raton Basin, Colorado 10Uinta Basin, Utah 10


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Powder River Basin:Produces 37% of the USA's coal.

Estimated total Coal reserve

800Billion tons. Annual coaproduction 400 Million tons

Estimated 31 Tcfrecoverable

Coal Bed Methane reserves.(The Wyoming Oil and Gas Commission - 2002

2


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Powder River Basin:

A total of3.7 Tcfof CBM

has been produced so far.

2009 CBM production hit arecord 558 Bcf(1,530 Mmcfd).

Wyoming State Geological Surve

2


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Capital Costs, typical CBM Well, Powder River BasinSource:U.S. Department of Energy, The Economics of Powder River Basin CBM Development.

Cost Item Capital Costs(Land Costs and Permits 15,000

Well Drilling and Completion (@790 feet 100,000

Water Gathering & disposal 27,000

Electric Power 13,000

Gas Gathering 45,000

Total $200,000


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2

At a wellhead price of $4.00/Mcf, development

of Powder River Basin Coalbed methane has:

An average finding cost of $.71/Mcf.

A Mean well has a return-on-investment of 4.70:1

A net present value index of 3.74.

Rocky Mountain Oil & Gas Technology Symposium,

April 2007, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A.


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Raton Basin (Colorado)

2010 CBM production: 110 Bcf

300 Mmcf per day

2

H h C Alb t C d


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2

Coalbed Methane production: 750 Mmcfd.

Horseshoe Canyon, AlbertaCanada.

National Energy Board

CBM reserves 3.5 Tcf

CBM production Costs:

$3.00 per Mcf


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2

An average Coalbed gas well produces between50 to 500 thousand cubic feet (Mcf) per day.

Conventional gas wells produce between 1 to 5

million cubic feet (Mmcf) per day.

Some wells in the extremely productive CBM

areas of the San Juan basin in Colorado &N.M. produce up to 3 Mmcf of methane per

day.

CBM & Conventional Gas Production wells


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San Juan Basin, Colorado/New Mexico.Cumulative CBM production 15.7 TCF

2010 CBM productio

2.8 Bcf/day

Example:

CBM production

650 Mmcf/day

27

Indonesias Coalbed methane reserves are


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Indonesias Coalbed methane reserves are

estimated @ 450 trillion cubic feet (Tcf)

BP and ENI CBM

joint

venture - 1,700 km2block

Sanga-Sanga, Kutei

Basin,Kalimantan, Indonesia.

CBM D l t C t f US $2 M f


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2

CBM Development Cost of US $2 per Mcf


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3

Reliance Gas conducted a geologic assessment of

lignite coal basins in Rajasthan and Gujrat, India:

Identified a 20,000 Sq km area with estimated

CBM reserves of70 Tcfwith 28 Tcfrecoverable.

Production potential of3.8 (Bcf)/day.


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3

Thar Coalfield, Sindh, Pakistan

Thar basin, estimated

CBM reserves 35 Tcf,

Recoverable - 21 Tcf.Cathay Oil & Gas. Sourcing USGS.


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3

Thar

Pakistan

CBM j t B B i I di


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CBM project, Barmer Basin, India.

3

Block State Acreage Estimated CBMReserves (TCF)

Estimated C

Production

Barmer (BS 4) Rajasthan 1168sqkms

2.9 TCF 107MMCF

Barmer (BS 5) Rajasthan 739 sq kms 1.3 TCF 35 MMCF

Total 142MMC

Adsorption isotherm studies and Desorption tests indicate a gas

content of 106 -140 scf/ton of lignite in 600-1200m depth range,

seismic surveys indicate that the lignite seam is often faulted &fractured which accounts for high permeability & better gas flow

Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

Barmer Basin Rajasthan India


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3

Year Production rate Anticipated (CBM)

Crude Oil

(Bpd)

Natural Gas

(Mmcfd)

Coalbed Methane

(Mmcfd)

2010-11 125,000 32

2011-12 175,000 53

2012- 14 142

Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, India.Cairn oil and gas (E&P) Company. Directorate of Petroleum, Rajasth


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Cambay BasinCBM reserves :13 trillion cubic feet .

Thar coal deposits are the

western extension of Camba& Barmer basins, India.

Cairn: 2010 production:13,714 Bpd Crude Oil.

28 Mmcfd Conventional Gas.

8,966 Bpd Condensate.

Thar

Cambay

Barmer


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Cathay Oil & Gas, March 18, 2006.

Thar Coal Field - Sindh, Pakistan.

CBM reserves estimated by USGS@ 200 Scf/ton 35 Tcf

Recoverable Coalbed Methane (CBM) 21 Tcf

Recoverable percentage 60%

Estimated annual production after 10 years 330 B

Estimated daily production (after 10 years) 900 Mmc

3

H d b E C t M bt


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Hydrocarbon Energy, Cost per Mmbtu.

Thar Coal* $3.70

Coalbed Methane** $3.00

Natural Gas $3.50

LNG $10.00

Fuel Oil $14.00

*Thar coal@$37/ton 2000lbs X 1,000,000 5,000btu/lb =$3.70/MMBTU

**National Energy Board Canada and CBM production estimates for India, China, Indonesia & Vietnam

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Zahoor_abbasi Coalbed Methane