Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Prospects of Coalbed Methane and Coal Mine Methane in India
Prospects of Coalbed Methane and Coal Mine Methane in India
Ajay Kumar Singh
CIMFR (CSIR), DHANBAD-826 015
National Research Conference on Climate Change
IIT Delhi
5 March 2010
INTRODUCTION
• India, third largest producer of coal.
• Fourth in coal resources.
• In two geological
Gondwana Coal of drift originTertiary coal
Genesis of CBM
Fracture system, cleats in coal
Butt cleats and face cleats
Microscopic view of the Micropores structure of coal
Macropores (>500 Macropores (>500 ÅÅ), ), Mesopores (20 to 500 Mesopores (20 to 500 ÅÅ) ) Micropores (8 to 20 Micropores (8 to 20 ÅÅ))
Transport of Gas
WHY CONSIDER CBM?
FloorNOT TO SCALE
2m
Roof
4.2m
Cover
What about surface mines???
Year CH4 Emission 1994 0.650 1996 0.688 1998 0.703 2000 0.716 2010 ??
CH4 Emission Estimates in Tg - Coal Mining in India
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030Year
Met
hane
Em
issi
on (T
g)
Trend of CH4 Emission
Country 2000MethaneReleased
(M m3)
2000CO2Equivalent
(MMT)
2010MethaneReleased
(M m3)
2010CO2Equivalent
(MMT)
China 10,000 142.7 15,753 224.7US 5,461 77.0 5,748 82.0Russia 2,236 31.9 2,138 30.5Australia 1,381 19.7 2,004 28.6Ukraine 1,970 28.1 1,689 24.1India 683 9.7 1,319 18.8Poland 1,037 14.8 939 13.4Germany 1,030 14.7 764 10.9South Africa 496 7.1 506 7.2Kazakhstan 488 7.0 447 6.4UK 365 5.2 343 4.9Czech Republic 351 5.0 266 3.8Turkey 123 1.8 184 2.6Japan 133 1.9 147 2.1Canada 98 1.4 91 1.3
Global CMM Emission
SOLUTION???
Tremendous Potential for CMM Emission Reduction
• One CMM Project at one mine may:- Reduce emissions by 100,000 -1,000,000+
tons/ year CO2 equivalent
• Significant Global Potential:- Total Global: 475-500 million tons
Emissions CO2 equivalent/year- Short term: 85-150 million tons/year
Reductions- Long term: 150-300 million tons/year
Reductions
Production of CBM, What really happens?
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CBM
• VCBM
• CMM
• AMM
• VAM
GasWater
Typical VCBM Well in Production
Coal Mine Methane
Types of gas drainage and capture techniques in coal mining Underground Horizontal and Cross–Measure wells
•Horizontal wells drilled typically 200 to 400m•Several hundred drilled and connected to a surface based vacuum pump•Wells can be left on suction during and after mining though with significant damage due to goafing
Methane from Goaf
Types of gas drainage and capture techniques in coal mining Vertical Pre-Mining gob wells and Underground Horizontal wells
•Gob wells drilled from the surface to about 20m above the coal•Fracture and gob formation increases permeability of the gas bearing strata•Gas is brought to surface under vacuum (-40KPA)•CH4 % varies during the life of a gob well•Pre-mining gas drainage wells can have permeability increased via fracing or enhanced drilling technology such as Medium Radius Drilling
VAM Utilisation
Opportunities in India
Early Tertiary (c. 60Ma) near-shore peri-cratonic basins and shelves.
Coal occurs in two stratigraphic horizons
Permian sediments (c. 290Ma) mostly deposited in Intracratonic Gondwana basins.
%
%
%
%
%
%
m m m
m
m
mmmm
m
m
m
Lucknow
Patna
Calcutta
Bhubaneswar
Hyderabad
Bhopal
80° 84° 88°
2
1
84°
16°
20°
24°
69
55
71
51
66
68
76
3541
64
56 57
656775
27
37
58
77
50 4548
73
42 38
74
32
46
47
70
72
54
52
3430
78
3653
6263
61
59
60
4944 43
39
40
3331 28
29
22
26
80°
22. Singrimari26. Darjeeling27. Rajmahal28. Birbhum29. Tangsuli30. Kundait Kariah
33,34. Giridih
31. Saharjuri32. Jainti
36. Barjora
38. East Bokaro
40. Ramgarh
42. South Karanpura43. Chope44. Itkhori45. Auranga46. Hutar
48,49,50. Tatapani-Ramkola47. Daltonganj
35. Raniganj
39. West Bokaro
41. North Karanpura
37. Jharia
88°
51. Singrauli52. Korar53. Umaria54. Johila55. Sihagpur56. Sonhat-Jhilimili57. Bisrampur58. Lakhanpur59. Panchbahini60. Dhamamunda61. Koreagarh62. Chirimiri63. Sendurgarh64. Hasdo-Arand65. Korba66. Mand-Raigarh67. Ib River68. Talcher69. Godavari70. Yellendu71. Wardha72. Bander73. Umrer74. Kamptee75. Pench-Kanhan76. Pathakhera77. Tawa78. Mohpani
500 0 500 Kilometerskm
%%
%
%
%
%
%%
%
mm
m
m
m m m
m
m
Shillong
23
1
234
2425
56
87
910
22 20 1119 14 12151321
18 16
17
1. Miao-bum 2. Namchik-Namphuk 3. Makum 4. Dilli-Jeypore 5. Tiju 6. Borjan 7. Tuen Sang 8. Jhanzi-Disai 9. Koilajan10. Diphu11. Bapung12. Pynursla
Tertiary Coalfields
13. Cherrapunji14. Laitryngew15. Mawsynram16. Mawlong Shella17. Langrin18. Balphakram-Pendenggru19. West Darangiri20. Rongrenggri21. Siju
22. Singrimari23. Abor Hills24. Daphla Hills25. Aka Hills
Gondwana Coalfields
92°
28°
96°
28°
24°
92° 88° 84°
24°
GangtokItanagar
Dispur
Kohima
Imphal
AizawlAgartala
Shillong
Calcutta
100 0 100 km
Tertiary coalfields
Lower Gondwana coalfields
1. Characterisation of resource on chemical, petrographic and gas desorption parameters at exploration stage.
2. Reservoir Modelling/Production Testing.3. Choice of Appropriate Technology.
EMERGING POSSIBILITIES OF EXPLOITING CBM/CMM & ECBM
requires
forOptimal utilisation of resource both at short and long term perspective
POSSIBLE AREAS FOR DEEPER (>300M) LEVEL COAL RESOURCE POSSIBLE AREAS FOR DEEPER
(>300M) LEVEL COAL RESOURCESouth Eastern part of Jharia Coalfield
Western part of Ib-River & Talcher Coalfield
Westcentral part of Mand-Raigarh Coalfield
Central part of main basin, Singrauli Coalfield
Eastern part of Birbhum-Rajmahal Coalfield
Eastern part of Pench-Kanhan Coalfield
Central part of north Godavari Coalfield
Eastern part of Raniganj Coalfield
FORMATIONFORMATION
Intrusives
RaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarTalchirBasement
THICKNESSTHICKNESS
725m850m1130m225m
--
COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness
22 (0.1m-4.7m)
46 (0.3m-33.0m)
JHARIACOALFIELD
COAL RESOURCE
0-600m -- 14.2 bt
600m-1200m -- 5.2 bt0 – 1200m – 19.4 bt
Salient features
Deeper level
EAST BOKAROCOALFIELD
FORMATIONFORMATION
MahadevaPanchetRaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarTalchirBasement
THICKNESSTHICKNESS
500m
600m600m500m1000m80m
--
COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness
7 (0.4m-3.0m)
26 (0.4m-63.9m)
COAL RESOURCE
0-300m -- 3.2 bt300m-600m -- 1.5 bt600m-1200m -- 2.3 bt0 – 1200m -- 7.0 bt
Salient features
Deeper level
FORMATIONFORMATION
MahadevaPanchetRaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarKarharbariTalchirBasement
THICKNESSTHICKNESS
165m
225m400m385m500m200m180m
--
COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness
thin bands
5 (0.5m-35.2m)1 (0.5m-10.5m)
COAL RESOURCE
0-300m -- 10.3 bt300m-600m -- 4.3 bt
0 – 1200m – 14.6 bt
Salient Salient featuresfeatures
NORTH
KARANPURA
COALFIELD
Deeper level
SOUTH KARANPURA COALFIELD
FORMATIONFORMATION
RaniganjBarren MeasuresBarakarTalchirBasement
THICKNESSTHICKNESS
360m385m1050m180m
--
COAL SEAMSCOAL SEAMSNo ThicknessNo Thickness7 (0.8m-3.3m)
42 (0.5m-54.2m)
COAL RESOURCE
0-300m -- 3.3 bt300m-600m -- 1.8 bt600m-1200m -- 0.9 bt
0 – 1200m – 6.0 bt
Salient features
Deeper level
Category I
Gondwana Coals ranking high volatile bituminous A and above.
Jharia, Bokaro, Raniganj and North Karanpura Coalfields.
Category II
Gondwana Coals ranking high volatile bituminous A and below.
South Karanpura, Raniganj, Pench-Kanhan and Sohagpur Coalfields.
Category III
Low rank Gondwana Coals.
Talchir, Ib, Pranhita- Godavari Valley and Wardha Valley Coal field.
Category IV
Tertiary Coals / Lignite resources.
Cambay, Bikaneer- Nagaaur, Barmer, Assam- Arakan, Cauvery and Himalayan Foot Hills Basins.
Chronology of CBM Development in India
• CBM policy formulated in 1997• First offer of CBM blocks announced in
May 2001.• One block awarded on nomination basis.• Contract signed for 5 blocks awarded
under Round – I in 2002. Two more blocks awarded under nomination basis.
• Contract signed for 8 blocks awarded under Round-II in 2004.
• Contract signed for 10 blocks offered under Round – III in 2006.
• Blocks awarded till date – 26• Area awarded – 13,600 sq. km.• Total CB Resources – 1374 BCM.• Expected Production Potential – 38
MMSCMD.• Present Gas production from 3 blocks:
RG (S), SP (E), SP (W) – 0.18 MMSCMD.• Expected CBM production from 3 blocks
by 2013 – 7.4 MMSCMD.
PRESENT STATUS OF CBM BLOCKS
