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PhD Boris Dumnić University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences
Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Power Quality dumnic@uns.ac.rs
46%
23%
17%
9%
3%
1%
1%
Wind power - 500 MW Hydro Power (> 10MW) - 250 MW Hydro Power (< 10MW) - 188 MW Biomass - 100 MW Biogas - 30 MW Solar power - 10 MW Landfill gas - 10 MW Waste – 3 MW Geothermal - 1 MW
• The statistic data are available for four regions: Vojvodina, Belgrade, Sumadija and Western Serbia, Southern and Eastern Serbia ;
• Agricultural biomass implies different categories of residues (harvest, orchard/vineyard cuts, energy crops, fast grow. forests);
• Defining the real potential of agricultural biomass is performed using following categories: Theoretical potential, Technical potential (22 – 65 % of theoretical potential), Sustainable potential (90% of technnical potential), Potential for energy purposes;
• NAP potential - 1.7 Mtoe;
Crop T
Area,
1,000 ha
Big farms,
1,000 t
S&M farms,
1,000 t
Sustainable potential -
harvest residues, 1,000 t
Energy potential -
harvest residues, 1,000 t
Big farms S&M farms Big farms S&M farms
Wheat ↓ 797 178 619 374 1,08 355 970
Ray ─ 8.6 0.8 7.8 2 14 2 14
Barley ─ 135 46.6 88.4 80 154 80 138
Corn ↑ 1,358 133 1,225
s 130 s 735 s 130 s 660
c 15 c 1,200 c 15 c 1,200
Sunflower ─ 160 74.9 85.1 0 0 0 0
Soybean ↑ 83 54.8 28.2 105 50 105 50
Oil rape ↑↑ 1.4 0.7 0.7 2 2 2 2
Total:
708 3,235 689 3,034
3,943 3,723
T - trend of the change of growing area; c – corn cobs; s – corn stover;
Crop
Area,
1,000 ha
Total mass,
1,000 t
Sustainable potential -
harvest residues, 1,000 t
Energy potential -
harvest residues, 1,000 t
Big farms S&M farms Big farms S&M farms
Wheat 298 1.12 264 320 250 280
Ray 1.5 4.5 1 1 1 1
Barley 48 155 52 50 48 45
Corn 637 3,288
s 114 s 310 s 110 s 280
c 10 c 360 c 10 c 330
Sunflower 172 680 0 0 0 0
Soybean 128 620 150 130 150 130
Oil rape 4.2 17.6 6 5 6 5
Total 5,885.1
597 ca. 1,176 ca. 575 ca. 1,071
1,773 1,646
c – corn cobs; s – corn stover;
Statistical regions Number of cattle
Number of pigs
Number of poultries
Total CU
Theoretical potential
MWe
Belgrade 53,180 202,701 1,163,213 86,144 9.7
Vojvodina 252,434 1,398,496 11,490,232 487,487 55.7
Sumadija and West Serbia
413,759 1,151,391 9,068,158 606,418 70.3
South and East Serbia
188,729 654,730 4,072,745 295,899 33.7
Serbia total: 908,102 3,407,318 25,794,348 1,475,947 169.4
•Different scenarios is proposed for share of energy crops: Scenario 1 – 60%, Scenario 2 – 40%;
•Scenario 1 - overall electric energy potential is 424 MWe; •Scenario 2 - overall electric energy potential is 282 MWe; •Size of farms (determined with minimum number of
animals which providing enough feedstock) is key parameter; •Significant difference occurs between the total CU and
the CU on large farms only, suitable for biogas production;
Statistical regions CU at large
farms
Technical potential, MWe
Manure / slurry
Scenario 1 Scenario 2
Belgrade 60,500 6.9 17.3 11.5
Vojvodina 212,000 24.2 60.5 40.3
Sumadija and West Serbia
36,000 4.1 10.2 6.8
South and East Serbia 24,000 2.7 6.8 4.5
Serbia total 332,500 37.9 94.8 63.1
• The sustainable potential is almost same as the technical and it is presumed that 90 % of technical potential can be realized.
• According to government project from 2014, a public warehouse for biomass is built in Apatin;
• It is predicted that annual capacity of warehouse in Apatin should be 100,000 tons;
• Another benefit of the location is nearby river port, which would allow the transportation of biomass on far distances;
• The construction of other warehouses such as this one is planned;
• Selection of appropriate location: Collecting 30 – 100 km, Farms larger than 5 ha, Transportation;
• Victoria Logistic – the biggest supplier of biomass in Serbia with logistical network: 12 silos, port at Danube, distribution center;
• Republic of Serbia is cosidered a state with medium area covered with forests – 29.1% of total area: Vojvodina – 7.1%, Central Serbia – 37.6%;
• Other woody vegetations (shrubs and scrubs) cover 4.9% of total area;
Forestlands 2.25 million ha
Wood volume 362.49 million m3
Average volume 161 m3/ha
Annual growth 9.08 million m3
Average growth 4 m3/ha
Tall forests surface/volume 27 %/43 %
Outgrowth forests surface/volume 65 %/50 %
Plantations surface/volume 8 %/7 %
Conifer forests 19 %
Deciduous forests 81 %
State-owned surface/volume 53 %/61 %
Private-owned surface/volume 47 %/39 %
Annual deforestation 4.6 million m3
Technical use/heating use/rest 43 %/45 %/12 %
• Exploitation of agricultural biomass is approximately 400 ktoe in Serbia (around 200 ktoe in Vojvodina – 1,5% of total consumption);
• Agricultural biomass is mostly used for heating; Sremska Mitrovica - 18 MW, Sojaprotein, Bečej – 15 MW, Mladost, Šid – 10 MW;
* Temporary privileged
Name Location Installed power (MW)
Altech Senta 1,738
Lazar Blace 0.999
Mirotin 1 Vrbas 0.990
Čurug Čurug 0.635
Mirotin 2 Vrbas 0.500
Bioelektra Zrenjanin 0.600
Gakovac * Bačka Topola 2
Alibunar Alibunar 3,57
BGS GAMA BP Bač 0.650
BGS BETA BP Bač 0.650
Globalseed 2 * Čurug 0.635
Drlja * Bačka Palanka 0.999
Blok A * Bogatić 0.500
TOTAL 14.466
Investor
Request for information about
possibility of connecting to grid
DSO
Request for approval to connect to grid
DSO
Yes
Construction of distribution
facilityApplication
for connection to grid
Decision on approving the
connection to grid
No
Testing prior to commissioning
Commissioning
Contract on takeover and delivery of
electricity
Contract on connection to
distribution grid
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