Paleopathology in an Ancestral Pueblo Site: Late Pueblo I to Pueblo II

PaleopathologyPaleopathologyin an Ancestral in an Ancestral

Pueblo Site:Pueblo Site:Late Pueblo I to Pueblo IILate Pueblo I to Pueblo II

By Cathey Ann ClineBy Cathey Ann ClineEastern New Mexico Eastern New Mexico

UniversityUniversity

Evidence of TraumaEvidence of Trauma

FractuFracturesres

MalesMales FemalesFemales UnknownUnknown

SexSexTotalsTotals

CranCraniaia

0.0% (0of 0.0% (0of 6)6)

13.3% (2 of 13.3% (2 of 15)15)

3.2% (2 of 3.2% (2 of 63)63)

4.8% (4 of 4.8% (4 of 84)84)

FibuFibulala

0.0% (0 0.0% (0 of 2)of 2)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 9)9)

6.7% (1 of 6.7% (1 of 15)15)

3.8% (1 of 3.8% (1 of 26)26)

RibsRibs 0.0% (0 0.0% (0 of 6)of 6)

9.1% (1 of 9.1% (1 of 11)11)

22.7% (2 of 22.7% (2 of 22)22)

7.7% (3 of 7.7% (3 of 39)39)

Depression Fracture of the Skull Burial 54

Fracture of the Fibula: Kiva Burial

Evidence of ActivityEvidence of ActivityIndicatorIndicatorss

MaleMale FemaleFemale Unknown Unknown SexSex

TotalsTotals

Cranial Cranial

FacetsFacets0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 7)7)

6.7% (1 of 6.7% (1 of 15)15)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 62)62)

1.2% (1 of 1.2% (1 of 84)84)

OsteophyOsteophytestes

44.4% (4 44.4% (4 of 9)of 9)

44.4% (8 of 44.4% (8 of 18)18)

15.0% (6 of 15.0% (6 of 40)40)

26.9% (18 of 26.9% (18 of 67)67)

Schmorl’Schmorl’s s

NodesNodes

33.3% (2 33.3% (2 of 6)of 6)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 12)12)

3.1% (1 of 3.1% (1 of 32)32)

6.0% (3 of 6.0% (3 of 50)50)

Vertebral Vertebral

FractureFracturess

16.7% (1 16.7% (1 of 6)of 6)

16.7% (2 of 16.7% (2 of 12)12)

9.4% (3 of 9.4% (3 of 32)32)

12.0% (6 of 12.0% (6 of 50)50)

Deltoid Deltoid

TuberosiTuberosityty

50.0% (3 50.0% (3 of 6)of 6)

53.8% (7 of 53.8% (7 of 13)13)

10.7% (3 of 10.7% (3 of 28)28)

27.7% (13 of 27.7% (13 of 47)47)

Gluteal Gluteal

TuberosiTuberosityty

60.0% (3 60.0% (3 of 5)of 5)

10.9% (6 of 10.9% (6 of 15)15)

9.1% (5 of 9.1% (5 of 37)37)

25.5% (14 of 25.5% (14 of 57)57)

SquattinSquatting g

FacetsFacets

16.7% (1 16.7% (1 of 6)of 6)

40.0% (6 of 40.0% (6 of 15)15)

12.9% (4 of 12.9% (4 of 31)31)

21.2% (11 of 21.2% (11 of 52)52)

Contact Facet:

Base of Skull

Close-up of Contact Facet

Schmorl’s Node

Vertebra: Burial 25

Congenital ConditionsCongenital Conditions

MaleMale FemaleFemale Unknown Unknown SexSex

TotalsTotals

Ribbed Ribbed IliumIlium

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 3)3)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 14)14)

4.8% (1 of 4.8% (1 of 21)21)

2.6% (1 of 2.6% (1 of 38)38)

Metopic Metopic SutureSuture

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 6)6)

6.7% (1 of 6.7% (1 of 15)15)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 63)63)

1.2% (1 of 1.2% (1 of 84)84)

Distorted Distorted TibiaTibia

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 6)6)

6.7% (1 of 6.7% (1 of 15)15)

3.2% (1 of 3.2% (1 of 31)31)

3.8% (2 of 3.8% (2 of 52)52)

Spina Spina BifidaBifida

20.0% (1 20.0% (1 of 5)of 5)

0.0 (0 of 0.0 (0 of 10)10)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 8)8)

4.3% (1 of 4.3% (1 of 23)23)

Unfused Metopic Suture: Burial 49

Degenerative ConditionsDegenerative Conditions

MaleMale FemaleFemale Unknown Unknown SexSex

TotalsTotals

OsteoarthritOsteoarthritisis

33.3% (2 33.3% (2 of 6)of 6)

16.7% (2 of 16.7% (2 of 12)12)

3.1% (1 of 3.1% (1 of 32)32)

10.0% (5 of 10.0% (5 of 50) 50)

TMJ TMJ 25.0% (1 25.0% (1 of 4)of 4)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 11)11)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 18)18)

3.0% (1 of 3.0% (1 of 33)33)

OsteochondOsteochondritis ritis DissecansDissecans

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 8)8)

3.4% (1 of 3.4% (1 of 29)29)

1.7% (1 of 1.7% (1 of 58)58)

2.1% (2 of 2.1% (2 of 95)95)

Sternal Sternal PorosityPorosity

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 0)0)

16.7% (1 of 16.7% (1 of 6)6)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 7)7)

7.7% (1 of 7.7% (1 of 13)13)

Osteochondritis non-dissecans of the Acetabulum: Burials 78 & 10

Infectious DiseaseInfectious Disease

MaleMale FemaleFemale Unknown Unknown SexSex

TotalsTotals

Maxillary Maxillary SinusSinus

0.0% (0 0.0% (0 of 6)of 6)

6.7% (1 of 6.7% (1 of 15)15)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 63)63)

1.2% of 1.2% of 8484

PeriostitiPeriostitic c ReactionReaction

0.0% (0 0.0% (0 of 6)of 6)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 11)11)

4.5% (1 of 4.5% (1 of 22)22)

2.6% of 2.6% of 3939

Effects of Nutritional Effects of Nutritional DeficiencyDeficiency

Dietary Dietary DeficiencyDeficiency

MaleMale FemaleFemale Unknown Unknown SexSex

TotalsTotals

Porotic Porotic HyperostosHyperostosisis

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 6)6)

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 15)15)

4.8% (3 of 4.8% (3 of 63)63)

3.6% (3 of 3.6% (3 of 84)84)

Osteoblastic TumorsOsteoblastic Tumors

MaleMale FemaleFemale Unknown Unknown SexSex

TotalsTotals

Button Button OsteomaeOsteomae

0.0% (0 of 0.0% (0 of 6)6)

6.7% (1 of 6.7% (1 of 15)15)

3.2%(2 of 3.2%(2 of 63)63)

3.6% of 843.6% of 84

Multiple Button Osteomae of the Skull: Burial 65 Frontal Bone

Single Button Osteoma of the Skull: Burial 77 Parietal Bone

Chondrosarcoma of the Femoral Metaphysis: Burial 34

ReferencesReferencesAkins, Nancy J.Akins, Nancy J. 19861986 A Biocultural Approach to Human Burials from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico A Biocultural Approach to Human Burials from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico . Reports of the . Reports of the

Chaco Center, No. 9. Branch of Cultural Research, National Park Service, Santa Fe. Chaco Center, No. 9. Branch of Cultural Research, National Park Service, Santa Fe.

Giacobbe, John A.Giacobbe, John A. 1999 “Demography, Paleopathology, and Activity-Related Anomolies of Human Skeletal Material 1999 “Demography, Paleopathology, and Activity-Related Anomolies of Human Skeletal Material

from the Rio Puerco Valley, Sandoval County, NM. Master’s thesis on file at Eastern New Mexico from the Rio Puerco Valley, Sandoval County, NM. Master’s thesis on file at Eastern New Mexico University, Portales.University, Portales.

Miles, James S.Miles, James S. 1975 1975 Orthopedic Problems of the Wetherwill Mesa Populations.Orthopedic Problems of the Wetherwill Mesa Populations. Publications in Archaeology 7G, Publications in Archaeology 7G,

National Park Service, Washington, D.C.National Park Service, Washington, D.C.

Ortner, Donald J.Ortner, Donald J. 2003 2003 Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal RemainsIdentification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains . 2nd Edition. Academic . 2nd Edition. Academic

Press, Amsterdam. Press, Amsterdam.