MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS IN SPAIN, CATALONIA AND … · Madrid, Catalonia, Basque Country, Valencia:...

MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS IN SPAIN, CATALONIA AND BARCELONA

Prepared by: Núria Salvador, Paula Díaz, Laura Alcalá, Paula Saloni and Flors RieraOral exposition by: Mariona Martínez, Oriol Gaviño, Laura Herrero, Sara Bouzas and Pol GonzálezTeachers: Anna Garcia and Carles Ogalla

Content

Introduction (Paula Díaz, Oriol Gaviño)

Spain (Paula Saloni, Pol Gonzàlez)

Catalonia (Flors Riera, Mariona Martínez)

Barcelona (Laura Alcalá, Sara Bouzas)

Conclusion (Núria Salvador, Laura Herrero)

What else..?

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

Capital: Madrid

Languages: Spanish (Castilian), Catalan (regional), Basque (regional), Galician (regional)

Area: 504,782 km²

Population (2017): 45.925.380

Population density: 91.3 inhabitants per km²

Immigration exterior: 417.033 Emigration exterior: 327.906

South West of Europe

Spain

LOCATION AND COLONIAL DIVERSITY➔ Its geographical location and history are

crucial in the migratory phenomenon.

➔ Have converted Spain into a country with a big cultural diversity.

MIGRATIONS

INTERNAL EXTERNAL

INTERNAL MIGRATIONRural migration: population moves from the field to the city.

They moved to:- Catalonia- Basque Country- Madrid- Valencia

INTERNAL MIGRATIONRest of Spain: low farming productions and unemployed people.

Madrid, Catalonia, Basque Country, Valencia: industrial provinces and they need people for work cheaper

INTERNAL MIGRATION

Years 1797 1857 1877 1887 1900 1910

Spain 10.541.865 15.544.340 15.354.345 17.534.416 18.594.405 19.927.150

In Spain from 1950 to 1981 the growth of population was 9.624.688.

EXTERNAL MIGRATIONSpain was a country that in the 90’s had a bad development in the industry compared with the rest of Europe.

United KingdomFranceGermanyBelgiumNetherlandsSwitzerland

EXTERNAL MIGRATION

Spanish Civil War (1936-39)- America and Europe (France, Switzerland and Germany)

Basically, they moved when the economy of Spain was bad, and the other European countries had a good economic life and also jobs.

Catalonia

Catalonia

MOST IMPORTANT HISTORICAL Periods AND MIGRATION:1- Until XIX century

2- 1877-1900

3- 1900-1936

4- 1936-1939 (Spanish Civil War)

5- 1939-1959

6- 1960-1975

7- 1980-2005

8- 2006-2018

Until XIX century

Catalonia land of emigration.

In Catalonia: movement from the field to the cities (urbanisation).

1877-1900First immigration movements from

Spain (Valencia and Aragon) to Catalonia.

In Catalonia: continuation of the movement from the field to the cities.

1900-1936In Catalonia, cities are growing because

of urbanisation. For example: Barcelona, Girona or Sabadell.

Immigration from Valencia, Aragon, Murcia and Almeria.

1936-1939 (Spanish Civil War)

Civil war refugees moving from Spain to Catalonia (min. 200.000)

1939-1959Civil war refugees escaping to France.

Approximately 60.000 catalan refugees.

1939-1959: POST-CIVIL WAR (FRANCO)situation in Catalonia● Politically repressed.● Economical and social problems.● Rationing and black market.● Hunger and illness.

1939-1959Immigration from Spain (Andalusia) to Catalonia’s industrial cities.

Consequences:

● Growing industry.● Franco closes borders.● Government control

people’s movement.● Life in shacks.

1960-19751. Less control of movementa) From Spain to catalonia.b) From Catalonia to Europe

(France, Germany, Switzerland)

2. Immigration to Catalonia: during the 60’s 72.000 yearly.

Consequences:

1. Baby boom.2. Industrial

development in Catalonia.

a)Construction.

From the 80’s - 20051. Firsts arrival of people from North Africa and South America.2. Less arrival of people from Spain.3. Continuous migration to Europe.

2006-2018: Economical Crisis1. International immigration

increases: coming from South America and Eastern Europe.

2. Emigration from Catalonia to Europe (Germany, United Kingdom….).

Barcelona

Barcelona

1915-1930

2 out of 3 immigrants

+ 386.482 immigrants

1930

Most populated city40% of all Catalonia

1960

People from Andalucia and Extremadura

People from rural areas in Catalonia Increasing depopulation

Creation of shacks (really modest houses)

Deficit in education and healthcare

1980Immigrants of other countries

2001-2015-2017Top Manta

Sub-saharian areas

Iraq

Syria

Afganistan

Refugee crisis

Children25%

Adult males58%

Adult female17%

By Sexes & Ages

THE ENDThanks for your attention!