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MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS IN SPAIN, CATALONIA AND BARCELONA
Prepared by: Núria Salvador, Paula Díaz, Laura Alcalá, Paula Saloni and Flors RieraOral exposition by: Mariona Martínez, Oriol Gaviño, Laura Herrero, Sara Bouzas and Pol GonzálezTeachers: Anna Garcia and Carles Ogalla
Content
Introduction (Paula Díaz, Oriol Gaviño)
Spain (Paula Saloni, Pol Gonzàlez)
Catalonia (Flors Riera, Mariona Martínez)
Barcelona (Laura Alcalá, Sara Bouzas)
Conclusion (Núria Salvador, Laura Herrero)
What else..?
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
Capital: Madrid
Languages: Spanish (Castilian), Catalan (regional), Basque (regional), Galician (regional)
Area: 504,782 km²
Population (2017): 45.925.380
Population density: 91.3 inhabitants per km²
Immigration exterior: 417.033 Emigration exterior: 327.906
South West of Europe
Spain
LOCATION AND COLONIAL DIVERSITY➔ Its geographical location and history are
crucial in the migratory phenomenon.
➔ Have converted Spain into a country with a big cultural diversity.
MIGRATIONS
INTERNAL EXTERNAL
INTERNAL MIGRATIONRural migration: population moves from the field to the city.
They moved to:- Catalonia- Basque Country- Madrid- Valencia
INTERNAL MIGRATIONRest of Spain: low farming productions and unemployed people.
Madrid, Catalonia, Basque Country, Valencia: industrial provinces and they need people for work cheaper
INTERNAL MIGRATION
Years 1797 1857 1877 1887 1900 1910
Spain 10.541.865 15.544.340 15.354.345 17.534.416 18.594.405 19.927.150
In Spain from 1950 to 1981 the growth of population was 9.624.688.
EXTERNAL MIGRATIONSpain was a country that in the 90’s had a bad development in the industry compared with the rest of Europe.
United KingdomFranceGermanyBelgiumNetherlandsSwitzerland
EXTERNAL MIGRATION
Spanish Civil War (1936-39)- America and Europe (France, Switzerland and Germany)
Basically, they moved when the economy of Spain was bad, and the other European countries had a good economic life and also jobs.
Catalonia
Catalonia
MOST IMPORTANT HISTORICAL Periods AND MIGRATION:1- Until XIX century
2- 1877-1900
3- 1900-1936
4- 1936-1939 (Spanish Civil War)
5- 1939-1959
6- 1960-1975
7- 1980-2005
8- 2006-2018
Until XIX century
Catalonia land of emigration.
In Catalonia: movement from the field to the cities (urbanisation).
1877-1900First immigration movements from
Spain (Valencia and Aragon) to Catalonia.
In Catalonia: continuation of the movement from the field to the cities.
1900-1936In Catalonia, cities are growing because
of urbanisation. For example: Barcelona, Girona or Sabadell.
Immigration from Valencia, Aragon, Murcia and Almeria.
1936-1939 (Spanish Civil War)
Civil war refugees moving from Spain to Catalonia (min. 200.000)
1939-1959Civil war refugees escaping to France.
Approximately 60.000 catalan refugees.
1939-1959: POST-CIVIL WAR (FRANCO)situation in Catalonia● Politically repressed.● Economical and social problems.● Rationing and black market.● Hunger and illness.
1939-1959Immigration from Spain (Andalusia) to Catalonia’s industrial cities.
Consequences:
● Growing industry.● Franco closes borders.● Government control
people’s movement.● Life in shacks.
1960-19751. Less control of movementa) From Spain to catalonia.b) From Catalonia to Europe
(France, Germany, Switzerland)
2. Immigration to Catalonia: during the 60’s 72.000 yearly.
Consequences:
1. Baby boom.2. Industrial
development in Catalonia.
a)Construction.
From the 80’s - 20051. Firsts arrival of people from North Africa and South America.2. Less arrival of people from Spain.3. Continuous migration to Europe.
2006-2018: Economical Crisis1. International immigration
increases: coming from South America and Eastern Europe.
2. Emigration from Catalonia to Europe (Germany, United Kingdom….).
Barcelona
Barcelona
1915-1930
2 out of 3 immigrants
+ 386.482 immigrants
1930
Most populated city40% of all Catalonia
1960
People from Andalucia and Extremadura
People from rural areas in Catalonia Increasing depopulation
Creation of shacks (really modest houses)
Deficit in education and healthcare
1980Immigrants of other countries
2001-2015-2017Top Manta
Sub-saharian areas
Iraq
Syria
Afganistan
Refugee crisis
Children25%
Adult males58%
Adult female17%
By Sexes & Ages
THE ENDThanks for your attention!
