Middle Verde Geospatial Database Project Rob Ross and Abe Springer Arizona Water Institute...

Middle Verde Geospatial Database Project

Rob Ross and Abe Springer

Arizona Water Institute

Geospatial Research and Information Laboratory

Northern Arizona University

May 21st 2008

Outline

• Introduction to project

• Discussion of Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

• Data compilation and verification

• Design of conceptual model

• Design of analytical model

• Phase two of study

Study Reach

Introduction

• Yavapai County funded study to compile data for use in surface water flow model

• Objectives– Compilation of data– Editing and verification of data– Design of surface water flow (hydraulic)

model from GIS information

What is a GIS?

• Geographic Information System• Collection of information including

geographic data (maps) and qualitative and quantitative information (names, area, flow rates, etc.) to create a graphical representation of a system

• Metadata describing the quality and scope of data (data about the data)

GIS of study area

Attributes and Layers

• Attributes are tables of information linked to a graphical representation

• Layers are groups of shapefiles or file database information used to organize information

• Attributes enable labeling to show values/names of areas of interest

Attributes and Layers

Types of information included in GIS

• Line shapefiles• Point shapefiles• Polygon shapefiles• Added information

(pictures, sound/video files, etc.)

• Attribute tables

Uses for GIS

• Spatial decision support systems - ability to analyze geographic data to support decisions

• Automated spatial modeling - simulation and forecasting (i.e., surface flow model reacting within geographic constraints over time)

• Network analysis - calculate distances in relation to other data

Projection systems

• Accurately display information from a spherical world as a flat map

• Use coordinate projection systems to represent actual locations on maps

• Many data sources come from different data projections

• Convert into common projection

http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/MapProjections/graphics/mercator.gif

How Projections Work

Data Collection Sources

• Yavapai County GIS Department• Arizona Department of Water

Resources 2000 report• Salt River Project GIS/Cartography

department• USGS • Eureka and Diamond S ditch

associations

Data Issues

• Compiled data from multiple sources• Differences in collection and scale• Variant projection systems• Different tolerance criteria • Sources used for different purposes• Data collected at different points over long

period of time

Primary Data Layers

• Irrigation

• Ditches

• Means Conveyance (laterals)

• Vegetation

• Aerial photography

• Well data

Primary Layers

Secondary Data Layers

• Land Parcel information

• Springs

• Verde river channel

• Tributary channels

• Roads

• Cities

Secondary/Reference Layers

Editing Protocol

• Layers edited over 12 inch pixel resolution aerial photography (PhotoMapper software)

• Edited for detail at 1:750 scale• Multiple fields merged for simplicity, where

common attributes permit• Polygons not drawn around

buildings/roads/property lines• Data updated where obvious changes are present• Consistent methods for different layers to create

uniform data system

Cottonwood

1:2400 before editing

1:2400 after editing

Lateral gate on Eureka Ditch

Eureka Ditch at Verde River Drive

Pioneer Ditch Sluice

Operation Data

Accuracy of edited layers

• 5 feet with irrigation layers• 5 feet in ditch layers• 5-20 feet in lateral locations• Error due to sub-grade duct routing and

estimation of boundaries of irrigation/vegetation layers

• Well layers are taken “as is” due to large number of locations, and access issues

NEMO does not provide coverages at a ditch/diversion Scale, nor is their data ground checked.

NEMO

Phase Two

• Examination of modeling software

• Determination of necessary features in software

• Preparation of surface water flow model for Middle and Upper Verde River

Hydraulic Models

• Simulate flow of water in channels

• Channels can be natural and constructed

• Simulate surface-water/groundwater interactions

Hydrologic Models

• Simulate runoff in watersheds

• Typically difficult if not impossible to use in arid regions

Recommendations

• Use hydraulic model to simulatesteady baseflow in river and diversions

• Unsteady baseflow during diversion season

• Use HEC-RAS in WMS• GIS based 1D model• Can also be used to create floodplain

maps

Summary

• Compiled all known existing information• Editing has greatly increased accuracy of

data, and provided operation data• Combination of remote sensing and field

checking has verified information• GIS will serve as a complete input system for

surface water flow model• Hydraulic flow model is most appropriate for

region

AcknowledgementsMark Manone and GRAILLeslie Graser, ADWRJeanmarie Haney, TNCKevin Blake, Yavapai County GISGIS/Cartography Department, SRPKyle Blasch and Don Bills, USGSJohn Rasmussen, Yavapai CountyJohn McReynolds and Steve Ayers, Eureka Ditch AssociationFrank Geminden, Diamond S Ditch Association