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Middle Verde Geospatial Database Project
Rob Ross and Abe Springer
Arizona Water Institute
Geospatial Research and Information Laboratory
Northern Arizona University
May 21st 2008
Outline
• Introduction to project
• Discussion of Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
• Data compilation and verification
• Design of conceptual model
• Design of analytical model
• Phase two of study
Study Reach
Introduction
• Yavapai County funded study to compile data for use in surface water flow model
• Objectives– Compilation of data– Editing and verification of data– Design of surface water flow (hydraulic)
model from GIS information
What is a GIS?
• Geographic Information System• Collection of information including
geographic data (maps) and qualitative and quantitative information (names, area, flow rates, etc.) to create a graphical representation of a system
• Metadata describing the quality and scope of data (data about the data)
GIS of study area
Attributes and Layers
• Attributes are tables of information linked to a graphical representation
• Layers are groups of shapefiles or file database information used to organize information
• Attributes enable labeling to show values/names of areas of interest
Attributes and Layers
Types of information included in GIS
• Line shapefiles• Point shapefiles• Polygon shapefiles• Added information
(pictures, sound/video files, etc.)
• Attribute tables
Uses for GIS
• Spatial decision support systems - ability to analyze geographic data to support decisions
• Automated spatial modeling - simulation and forecasting (i.e., surface flow model reacting within geographic constraints over time)
• Network analysis - calculate distances in relation to other data
Projection systems
• Accurately display information from a spherical world as a flat map
• Use coordinate projection systems to represent actual locations on maps
• Many data sources come from different data projections
• Convert into common projection
http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/MapProjections/graphics/mercator.gif
How Projections Work
Data Collection Sources
• Yavapai County GIS Department• Arizona Department of Water
Resources 2000 report• Salt River Project GIS/Cartography
department• USGS • Eureka and Diamond S ditch
associations
Data Issues
• Compiled data from multiple sources• Differences in collection and scale• Variant projection systems• Different tolerance criteria • Sources used for different purposes• Data collected at different points over long
period of time
Primary Data Layers
• Irrigation
• Ditches
• Means Conveyance (laterals)
• Vegetation
• Aerial photography
• Well data
Primary Layers
Secondary Data Layers
• Land Parcel information
• Springs
• Verde river channel
• Tributary channels
• Roads
• Cities
Secondary/Reference Layers
Editing Protocol
• Layers edited over 12 inch pixel resolution aerial photography (PhotoMapper software)
• Edited for detail at 1:750 scale• Multiple fields merged for simplicity, where
common attributes permit• Polygons not drawn around
buildings/roads/property lines• Data updated where obvious changes are present• Consistent methods for different layers to create
uniform data system
Cottonwood
1:2400 before editing
1:2400 after editing
Lateral gate on Eureka Ditch
Eureka Ditch at Verde River Drive
Pioneer Ditch Sluice
Operation Data
Accuracy of edited layers
• 5 feet with irrigation layers• 5 feet in ditch layers• 5-20 feet in lateral locations• Error due to sub-grade duct routing and
estimation of boundaries of irrigation/vegetation layers
• Well layers are taken “as is” due to large number of locations, and access issues
NEMO does not provide coverages at a ditch/diversion Scale, nor is their data ground checked.
NEMO
Phase Two
• Examination of modeling software
• Determination of necessary features in software
• Preparation of surface water flow model for Middle and Upper Verde River
Hydraulic Models
• Simulate flow of water in channels
• Channels can be natural and constructed
• Simulate surface-water/groundwater interactions
Hydrologic Models
• Simulate runoff in watersheds
• Typically difficult if not impossible to use in arid regions
Recommendations
• Use hydraulic model to simulatesteady baseflow in river and diversions
• Unsteady baseflow during diversion season
• Use HEC-RAS in WMS• GIS based 1D model• Can also be used to create floodplain
maps
Summary
• Compiled all known existing information• Editing has greatly increased accuracy of
data, and provided operation data• Combination of remote sensing and field
checking has verified information• GIS will serve as a complete input system for
surface water flow model• Hydraulic flow model is most appropriate for
region
AcknowledgementsMark Manone and GRAILLeslie Graser, ADWRJeanmarie Haney, TNCKevin Blake, Yavapai County GISGIS/Cartography Department, SRPKyle Blasch and Don Bills, USGSJohn Rasmussen, Yavapai CountyJohn McReynolds and Steve Ayers, Eureka Ditch AssociationFrank Geminden, Diamond S Ditch Association