Judge ch03 lecture

Connections: A World HistorySecond Edition

Chapter

Connections: A World History, Second EditionEdward H. Judge • John W. Langdon

Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to 55 C.E.

3

Early Indian sculptureEarly Indian sculpture

Early IndiaEarly India

Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to 550 550 C.E.C.E.

• The Indian Subcontinent• Harappan India: Early Indus Valley Societies• Vedic India: The Aryan Impact• The Religions of India• Post-Vedic India: Connections and Divisions• Indian Society and Culture

The Indian SubcontinentThe Indian Subcontinent

FOUNDATION MAP 3.1 India’s Geography and Early FOUNDATION MAP 3.1 India’s Geography and Early Cities, Third Millennium B.C.E.Cities, Third Millennium B.C.E.

The Indian SubcontinentThe Indian Subcontinent

A. Geography1. Geographic diversity and political disunity

2. Ganges and Indus Rivers

Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

A. Early Cities1. Emergence of urban society

2. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro, with citadel in Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro, with citadel in background.background.

Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

B. Farming, Culture, and Commerce1. Farming, fertility, and family

2. Cross-cultural connections

One of many inscribed square seals found in the One of many inscribed square seals found in the Indus Valley cities.Indus Valley cities.

Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

C. The Decline of Harappan Society

Bronze statuette of a dancing girl, found at Bronze statuette of a dancing girl, found at Mohenjo-Daro.Mohenjo-Daro.

Vedic India:Vedic India:The Aryan ImpactThe Aryan Impact

Vedic India:Vedic India:The Aryan ImpactThe Aryan Impact

A. Aryan Incursions and the Rise of Vedic Culture1. Aryan arrival

2. Vedic culture

3. Aryan society

MAP 3.2 Aryans Migrate into India, Second MAP 3.2 Aryans Migrate into India, Second Millennium B.C.E.Millennium B.C.E.

Vedic India:Vedic India:The Aryan ImpactThe Aryan Impact

B. The Emergence of Caste1. Caste and subcaste

C. Family, Status, and Stability1. Stability and mobility

The Religions of IndiaThe Religions of India

The Religions of IndiaThe Religions of India

A. Brahmanism1. Samsara, dharma, and karma

B. Jainism: Reverence for All Living Things1. Ahimsa and moksha

C. Buddhism: The Path to Inner Peace1. Siddhartha Gautama

2. The Four Noble Truths

3. Appeal of Buddhism

The Religions of IndiaThe Religions of India

D. Hinduism: Unity and Diversity1. Vedic origins

2. Hinduism and caste

3. Devotional practices

Hindu deities Vishnu and Lakshmi depicted in stone Hindu deities Vishnu and Lakshmi depicted in stone sculpture as sensuous lovers.sculpture as sensuous lovers.

Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

A. Conflicts and Contacts with Persians and Greeks1. Persian conquest of Indus Valley

2. Alexander the Great

MAP 3.3 Persian Empire Connects India with West MAP 3.3 Persian Empire Connects India with West Asia and North Africa After 518 B.C.E.Asia and North Africa After 518 B.C.E.

Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

B. The Rise of the Mauryan Empire1. Chandragupta Maurya

C. Ashoka’s Reign: Buddhism and Paternalism1. War and conversion

2. Ashoka’s rule

MAP 3.4 Mauryan Empire Unites Much of India, 321–MAP 3.4 Mauryan Empire Unites Much of India, 321–184 B.C.E.184 B.C.E.

Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

D. India After Ashoka: New Connections and Conflicts1. Mauryan collapse

2. Southern India

3. Northern kingdoms and connections

MAP 3.5 Trade Routes Link India with Other Lands MAP 3.5 Trade Routes Link India with Other Lands by Late First Millennium B.C.E.by Late First Millennium B.C.E.

Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

D. India After Ashoka: New Connections and Conflicts4. Buddhism’s spread and division

MAP 3.6 The Kushan Kingdom (50–240 C.E.) and MAP 3.6 The Kushan Kingdom (50–240 C.E.) and Buddhism’s SpreadBuddhism’s Spread

Statue of the Buddha from Central Asia, third Statue of the Buddha from Central Asia, third century C.E.century C.E.

Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

D. India After Ashoka: New Connections and Conflicts5. Hinduism’s evolution and endurance

E. The Gupta Empire and Its Commercial Connections

MAP 3.7 The Gupta Empire in 413 C.E.MAP 3.7 The Gupta Empire in 413 C.E.

Indian Society and CultureIndian Society and Culture

Indian Society and CultureIndian Society and Culture

A. Caste, Family, and Gender1. Caste and family

2. Marriage

3. Women’s rights and roles

B. The Visual Arts1. Influences

The Great Stupa at Sanchi in India, commissioned The Great Stupa at Sanchi in India, commissioned by Emperor Ashoka.by Emperor Ashoka.

Indian Society and CultureIndian Society and Culture

C. Science and Mathematics

D. Philosophy and Literature: Upanishads and Epics1. Upanishads

2. Epics

Key Dates and DevelopmentsKey Dates and Developments