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Connections: A World History Second Edition Chapter Connections: A World History, Second Edition Edward H. Judge • John W. Langdon Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to 55 C.E. 3

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Page 1: Judge ch03 lecture

Connections: A World HistorySecond Edition

Chapter

Connections: A World History, Second EditionEdward H. Judge • John W. Langdon

Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to 55 C.E.

3

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Early Indian sculptureEarly Indian sculpture

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Early IndiaEarly India

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Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to Societies and Beliefs of Early India, to 550 550 C.E.C.E.

• The Indian Subcontinent• Harappan India: Early Indus Valley Societies• Vedic India: The Aryan Impact• The Religions of India• Post-Vedic India: Connections and Divisions• Indian Society and Culture

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The Indian SubcontinentThe Indian Subcontinent

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FOUNDATION MAP 3.1 India’s Geography and Early FOUNDATION MAP 3.1 India’s Geography and Early Cities, Third Millennium B.C.E.Cities, Third Millennium B.C.E.

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The Indian SubcontinentThe Indian Subcontinent

A. Geography1. Geographic diversity and political disunity

2. Ganges and Indus Rivers

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Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

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Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

A. Early Cities1. Emergence of urban society

2. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

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Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro, with citadel in Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro, with citadel in background.background.

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Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

B. Farming, Culture, and Commerce1. Farming, fertility, and family

2. Cross-cultural connections

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One of many inscribed square seals found in the One of many inscribed square seals found in the Indus Valley cities.Indus Valley cities.

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Harappan India:Harappan India:Early Indus Valley SocietiesEarly Indus Valley Societies

C. The Decline of Harappan Society

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Bronze statuette of a dancing girl, found at Bronze statuette of a dancing girl, found at Mohenjo-Daro.Mohenjo-Daro.

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Vedic India:Vedic India:The Aryan ImpactThe Aryan Impact

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Vedic India:Vedic India:The Aryan ImpactThe Aryan Impact

A. Aryan Incursions and the Rise of Vedic Culture1. Aryan arrival

2. Vedic culture

3. Aryan society

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MAP 3.2 Aryans Migrate into India, Second MAP 3.2 Aryans Migrate into India, Second Millennium B.C.E.Millennium B.C.E.

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Vedic India:Vedic India:The Aryan ImpactThe Aryan Impact

B. The Emergence of Caste1. Caste and subcaste

C. Family, Status, and Stability1. Stability and mobility

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The Religions of IndiaThe Religions of India

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The Religions of IndiaThe Religions of India

A. Brahmanism1. Samsara, dharma, and karma

B. Jainism: Reverence for All Living Things1. Ahimsa and moksha

C. Buddhism: The Path to Inner Peace1. Siddhartha Gautama

2. The Four Noble Truths

3. Appeal of Buddhism

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The Religions of IndiaThe Religions of India

D. Hinduism: Unity and Diversity1. Vedic origins

2. Hinduism and caste

3. Devotional practices

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Hindu deities Vishnu and Lakshmi depicted in stone Hindu deities Vishnu and Lakshmi depicted in stone sculpture as sensuous lovers.sculpture as sensuous lovers.

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Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

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Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

A. Conflicts and Contacts with Persians and Greeks1. Persian conquest of Indus Valley

2. Alexander the Great

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MAP 3.3 Persian Empire Connects India with West MAP 3.3 Persian Empire Connects India with West Asia and North Africa After 518 B.C.E.Asia and North Africa After 518 B.C.E.

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Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

B. The Rise of the Mauryan Empire1. Chandragupta Maurya

C. Ashoka’s Reign: Buddhism and Paternalism1. War and conversion

2. Ashoka’s rule

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MAP 3.4 Mauryan Empire Unites Much of India, 321–MAP 3.4 Mauryan Empire Unites Much of India, 321–184 B.C.E.184 B.C.E.

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Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

D. India After Ashoka: New Connections and Conflicts1. Mauryan collapse

2. Southern India

3. Northern kingdoms and connections

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MAP 3.5 Trade Routes Link India with Other Lands MAP 3.5 Trade Routes Link India with Other Lands by Late First Millennium B.C.E.by Late First Millennium B.C.E.

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Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

D. India After Ashoka: New Connections and Conflicts4. Buddhism’s spread and division

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MAP 3.6 The Kushan Kingdom (50–240 C.E.) and MAP 3.6 The Kushan Kingdom (50–240 C.E.) and Buddhism’s SpreadBuddhism’s Spread

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Statue of the Buddha from Central Asia, third Statue of the Buddha from Central Asia, third century C.E.century C.E.

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Post-Vedic India:Post-Vedic India:Connections and DivisionsConnections and Divisions

D. India After Ashoka: New Connections and Conflicts5. Hinduism’s evolution and endurance

E. The Gupta Empire and Its Commercial Connections

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MAP 3.7 The Gupta Empire in 413 C.E.MAP 3.7 The Gupta Empire in 413 C.E.

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Indian Society and CultureIndian Society and Culture

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Indian Society and CultureIndian Society and Culture

A. Caste, Family, and Gender1. Caste and family

2. Marriage

3. Women’s rights and roles

B. The Visual Arts1. Influences

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The Great Stupa at Sanchi in India, commissioned The Great Stupa at Sanchi in India, commissioned by Emperor Ashoka.by Emperor Ashoka.

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Indian Society and CultureIndian Society and Culture

C. Science and Mathematics

D. Philosophy and Literature: Upanishads and Epics1. Upanishads

2. Epics

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Key Dates and DevelopmentsKey Dates and Developments