Java Business Integration JSR 208 Chin-Yi Tsai cyt@pmlab.iecs.fcu.edu.tw cyt

Java Business IntegrationJSR 208

Chin-Yi Tsaicyt@pmlab.iecs.fcu.edu.tw

http://140.134.26.25/~cyt

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Integration Difficulties

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Integration Solution

Services (WS-I)

Enterprise Service Bus

(interoperability)

Components(pluggable)

(interoperability)

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Specification(非 Java EE 5的一部分 )

Java Business Integration

JSR 208

JBI-Compliant Component1

JBI-Compliant Component2

JBI Environment / JBI Container

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ESB, SOA, JBI• ESB

Architecture technique to integrate incompatible business applications over a common messaging bus.

Unlock and extend your existing systems and technology investments on a modern Service Oriented and Event Driven Architecture

• SOA An architectural principle for structuring systems that SOA

emphasizes the de-coupling of system components

• ESB & SOA ESB is one architecture style that abides by the rules of a Service

Orientated Architecture.

• JBI Defines common interfaces (SPI) for components and message

exchanges and service deployment.

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What Does a Service Do• Transform data• Route messages• Query databases• Orchestrate conversations• Apply business logic• Apply business policy• Handle business exceptions• Solicit approvals

How Is a Service Implemented?• XSLT

• Enterprise JavaBeans. (EJB.) technology

• BPEL

• SQL

• XQuery

• Routing Table

• Business Rules

• EDI Transform

Outline• Overview of JBI

integration

• JBI Architecture SE BC NMR JMX (Management)

• Conclusion (Keywords)

• Reference

• Appendix

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Overview of JBI

• Standard “meta-container” for services

• Standard SPI for plug-inService Engines — provide and aggregate servicesBinding Components — provide protocols and transports

• Loose coupling via WSDL message exchanges

• JBI defines an environment for plug-in components that interact using a services model based directly on WSDL 2.0

容器放元件進去 (plug-in)

元件也是一個容器

容器放元件進去 (plug-in)

元件也是一個容器

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Component as Container

• JBI directly supports the deployment of artifacts to plug-in components, using an archive (ZIP file) package called a service unit.

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Component as Container (Cont’d)

• Groups of service units are often developed or collected together, to form parts of a larger application or new service that are tested and deployed together.

• A group of JBI service units, along with a description of their relationships and target components, is called a service assembly.

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Overview of JBI

• Java Business Integration (JBI) is a specification developed under the Java Community Process (JCP) for an approach to implementing a service-oriented architecture (SOA). Creating a standards-based architecture for integration solutions A suitable standard technology instead of proprietary vendor solution

• JBI defines an architecture that allows the construction of integration systems from plug-in components, that interoperate through the method of mediated message exchange.

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Overview of JBI (Cont’d)

• JBI plug-in components are responsible for providing and consuming services.

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JBI Architecture

• JBI provides an environment in which plug-in components reside. The environment provides a set of services to facilitate execution of provided

services, interaction between components, as well as management of the overall system created by a JBI installation and all installed components.

• JBI provides for interoperation between plug-in components by means of message-based service invocation, described using a standard service description language.

• JBI provides a set of services to facilitate management of the JBI environment, including the installed components. This includes component installation and life cycle management services.

Plug-in componentMessage exchange

Management

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High-level View of JBI ArchitectureSingle JVM

Other

JVM

SEBCNMRJMX (Management)

SEBCNMRJMX (Management)

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Component Framework

• JBI components (service engines and binding components) provide interfaces for the use of JBI, and use interfaces provided by JBI.

• The JBI framework provides the following for the use of componentsComponent installation contextComponent contextClass loadingError indication

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Standardized Integration

• SPI (Service Provider Interface) not APIAllow for proprietary “black boxes” as integration services

DBMS2DBMS2

DBMS1DBMS1

JDBC

ApplicationProgram

UseJDBCAPI

SPI

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Service Engine

• Hosts business logic implementing services

• Exposes service endpoints

• Is a target for deployment — a container

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Binding Component

• Handles protocol-specific message re-formatting

• Should contain no business logic

• 與外部服務的溝通

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Normalized Message Router

• The normalized message router, or NMR, receives message exchanges from JBI components (engines or bindings), and routes them to the appropriate component for processing.decoupling

• The JBI environment's primary function is to route normalized message exchanges from one component to another. Messages are delivered in a normalized form.

NMRNMRnormalizenormalize

De-normalizeDe-normalizecomponent

componentnormalizenormalize

De-normalizeDe-normalizecomponent

component

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Normalized Message Router (Cont’d)

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Message Exchange

• A Message Exchange (ME) serves as a “container” for the normalized messages that are part of a service invocation.

• JBI supports a fixed set of message exchange patterns a well-defined sequence of message exchanges between the consu

mer and the provider.

• A message exchange pattern (or MEP) no matter what contents (or type) of the messages themselves. By supporting a limited set of MEPs, the JBI standard ensures that components have a simple, well known interaction model to implement, ensuring interoperability.

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JBI Messaging Architecture

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Normalized Message Exchange (1)

• External Service Consumer Message Processing

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Normalized Message Exchange (2)

• External Service Provider Message Processing

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Example

• One-way Message AdapterA message is sent to the JBI environment, transformed,

then sent to a destination outside of the environment.

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Service Invocation to MEP Mapping

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Message Exchange Patterns (MEPs)• An MEP defines the sequence, direction, and cardinality of all messages

that occur in the course of invoking and performing the operation.

• All message exchanges between consumer and provider are mediated by the NMR.

• The components interact with the NMR, using their individual DeliveryChannels Sending MessageExchange instance Accepting MessageExchange instance

• MEPs In-only Message Exchange Pattern Robust In-Only Message Exchange Pattern In-Out Message Exchange Pattern In-Optional-Out Message Exchange Pattern

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In-only Message Exchange Pattern

• Describing a one-way messaging pattern

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Robust In-Only Message Exchange Pattern (fault scenario)

• Allowing the provider to easily return error responses to in-only message exchange

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In-Out Message Exchange Pattern

• Normal response

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In-Out Message Exchange Pattern (Cont’d)

• Fault response

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In-Optional-Out Message Exchange Pattern

• Normal response 1

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In-Optional-Out Message Exchange Pattern (Cont’d)

• Normal response 2

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In-Optional-Out Message Exchange Pattern (Cont’d)

• Provider fault response

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In-Optional-Out Message Exchange Pattern (Cont’d)

• Provider “done” response

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One-way Service Invocation Between two Service Engines

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SE Invokes Service Provided by Remote JBI Instance: Robust In with Fault

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SE Invokes Remote Service

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Management (JMX)

• The JBI environment, including bindings and engines, is administered through JMX. (MBean) Installation of engines and bindings (components)Life cycle management of components (start/stop control

s)Deployment of component artifacts to engines and bindin

gs that support dynamic additions to their internal execution environments.

Monitoring and control.

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Conclusion (Keywords)• JSR 208 (SOA infrastructure/enabler)• Meta-container (JBI Environment / JBI Container)• Plug-in• WSDL 2.0• JMX (Management)• Messaging (NMR)• SE & BC• ESB enabler• Assembling JBI-compliant component• Installation (AP server, EJB Container, BPEL engine)

Installing it into the JBI environment thanks to JMX based administrative tools

• Deployment (BPEL process definition)

JBI component can be seen as a container (ex: BPEL engine) Services (ex: BPEL) must be deployed into the component thanks to JBI

administrative tools• Activation

After deployment, services are accessible through the JBI environment as Endpoints

Reference

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Reference• Sun SOA Home

http://www.sun.com/products/soa/index.jsp

• The Java EE 5 Tutorial http://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/tut

orial/doc/

• Java EE At a Glance http://java.sun.com/javaee/

• Project Open ESB https://open-esb.dev.java.net/

• LogicBlaze FUSE: Open source SOA platform http://www.logicblaze.com/index.jsp

• ServiceMix Home http://servicemix.org/site/home.html

• ActiveMQ Home http://www.activemq.org/site/home.ht

ml

• PETALS Services Platform http://petals.objectweb.org/

• Mule Home http://mule.codehaus.org/

• Celtix http://celtix.objectweb.org/

• JBoss JEMS - The Open Source Platform for SOA http://www.jboss.com/products/soa

• Oracle Service-Oriented Architecture Technology Center http://www.oracle.com/technology/te

ch/webservices/index.html

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Reference (Cont’d)

• Sun SOA Home http://www.sun.com/products/

soa/index.jsp

• JCP (Java Community Process) http://jcp.org/en/home/index

• JSR 208 (JBI) http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=

208

Appendix

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ESB

ServiceMixApache Synapsele

MuleCeltix

Sun’s Java Open Enterprise Service Bus

ServiceMixApache Synapsele

MuleCeltix

Sun’s Java Open Enterprise Service Bus

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ServiceMiX• Open Source JBI Container based on JBI Specification (JSR208)• Supports Transaction Management through Jencks and

Java Transaction API (JTA)• Supports Java Message Service (JMS) through ActiveMQ• Can extend any J2EE compliant Server with JBI by simply deploying Servicemix (e.g. Ger

onimo)

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ServiceMix

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(ServiceMix) Standard Component-Binding Component

• HTTP• FTP• File• RSS• Email

• SOAP• WSIF (Web Service Invocation Framework)• SAAJ (Soap With Attachments and Apache Axis)• JAX WS (Java API for XML Web Services)• XSQL (XML Query Language)

• JMS (Java Message Service)

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(ServiceMix) Standard Component-Service Engine

• BPE (Container for BPEL)• EIP (Enterprise Integration Patterns)• Groovy (Container for Scripting)• JCA (Java Connector Architecture)• JSR181 (Container for annotated POJOs)• Quartz (Timer)• XPath (Message Transformation with XPath)• XSLT (Message Transformation with XSLT)

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ServiceMix

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(ServiceMix) Straight-throw flow

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(ServiceMix) Seda Flow

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(ServiceMix) JMS Flow

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Basic Example Message Flow Diagram

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Basic Example Message Flow Diagram

• Messages flow through the components as follows: 1. The timer component sends a message to inputSender through the Normalized Mess

age Router (NMR). 2. inputSender converts the message (marshals it) into a JMS message, then uses the j

msTemplate bean to publish the message. 3. jmsTemplate uses the jmsFactorybean to get a connection to the port associated with

the JMS topic called "demo.org.servicemix.source." The message is published on the "demo.org.servicemix.source" topic.

4. jencks (the JCA resource adapter) listens on port 61616 for messages. 5. inputReceiver subscribes to the "demo.org.servicemix.source" topic via jencks and rec

eives the JMS message. 6. inputReceiver normalizes the JMS message and sends it to outputSender via the NM

R. 7. outputSender marshals the normalized message to a JMS message and uses jmsTe

mplate to publish the message on the "demo.org.servicemix.result" topic. 8. jmsTemplate publishes it on the "demo.org.servicemix.result" topic using jmsFactory t

o get a connection to the result topic. 9. jencks listens on port 61616 for messages. 10. jmsTrace subscribes to the "demo.org.servicemix.result" topic and receives the JMS

message via jencks. 11. jmsTrace converts the JMS message into a normalized message and sends it to trace

via the NMR. 12. trace transforms the normalized message into a string and logs it to the console.

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Basic Example Message Flow Diagram

1. Using the distributor's web interface, a department store customer submits an order for multiple products. An HTTP request is sent to the OrderReceiver, an HTTP binding component (BC). 3

2. The OrderReceiver sends the message to an OrderRouter service engine (SE) 4 component. This SE is responsible for parsing the order and deciding, based on the message content, which OrderTransformer should receive which part of the message (i.e., an order for a product).

3. The OrderRouter publishes the orders to the appropriate message topics based on the message content. Specifically, the OrderRouter publishes the messages based on which wholesaler sells the item.

4. The OrderTransformer is a service engine component, which modifies the message and puts it in a format which is readable by the wholesaler interface that will fulfill the order.

5. Each OrderTransformer sends the modified message to the OrderProcessor. 6. The OrderProcessor is a binding component that has two functions:

a. It places an order to the appropriate wholesaler through the wholesaler's Webservice or proprietary interface. b. It also publishes a message about the order on a topic.

7. The message on the topic is subsequently picked up by the BusinessMonitor component via the jmsTrace component.

8. The BusinessMonitor component monitors the orders for quality assurance and business analytics, such as data mining.

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Basic Example Message Flow Diagram

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BPEL Logical Flow Diagram

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File Binding Logical Flow Diagram

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HTTP Binding Example Message Flow Diagram

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JMS Binding Example Message Flow Diagram

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Quartz Example Message Flow Diagram

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RSS Binding Example Message Flow Diagram

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Department Store Distributor Order Processing System

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Online Ticket Reservation System

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Online Application for Tax ID No. System

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Department of Public Works Project Monitoring System

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Network Status Indicator

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News Feed Monitoring System

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Mule

• Implementing ESB

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Reliable One-way MEP with Fault Message Sequence Chart

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Reliable Two-way Exchange Message Sequence Chart

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One-way Transactional Message Exchange

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A simple integration problem using JBI

• Example: Adapter Pattern

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JBI Components for Adapter Application

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• SU

• SE-Tx: Transformation Service• BC-Y: Provider Service Proxy• SE-Seq: Adapter Logic• BC-X: Client Service Proxy

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Graphic View of Adapter Service Assembly

• SA

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Adapter Pattern Message Sequence Diagram

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JBI Component Installation Time

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JBI Component Execution Time

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Component Interaction -- Service Consumer

• Find a service endpoint

• Create a message exchange

• Send the message

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Component Interaction -- Service Provider

• Activate an endpoint

• Receive a message

• Send the response

• Close the exchange

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SOA Architecture Principles

• Well-defined service interfaces

• Loose coupling

• Document-based, mostly asynchronous, conversational interactions

• Service registration and discovery

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To Form Ideal SOA Infrastructure

• Combine the best of previous technologies

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JBI Architecture

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Bring it Together

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Assembling Services into Processes

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Events-Driven Application Models

• Asynchronous One-way CommunicationSimple EventsBrokered EventsEnterprise Service BussesEvent Stream Processing Engines

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Simple Events

• Simple EventsSimulating Request/Reply

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Brokered Event

• Brokered Event Point to point (Send to One Interested

Party )

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• Enterprise Service Bus - Orchestration Service

• Event Stream Processing (ESP)

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SOA and Events

Service

Consumer

Service

ConsumerService

Provider

Service

Provider

Event Sink

Event Source

Service

Consumer

Service

ConsumerService

Provider

Service

Provider

Notification

One-way

Event Sink

Event Source

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ESB enables SOA and EDA• SOA – Service Oriented Architecture

Distributed, Web Services WSDL, SOAP, XML, XSD Registry Lookup, UDDI Request / Reply

• EDA – Event Driven Enterprise Message Oriented Qualities of Service Asynchronous Publish / Subscribe

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JBI Messaging• JBI defines a model and the APIs for messaging between JBI components

• All types of interaction One-Way Reliable One-Way Request Response Request Optional-Response

• Messaging API Components send messages to the JBI container Components read messages from the JBI container

• JBI vs JMS

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JBI Addressing

• An interface is a group of operations

• A service implements an interface represented by qualified name and its WSDL definition

• A service has one or more endpoints accessible by different bindings

• Endpoints can be external for services accessible via a

binding component internal for services provided by a service

engine

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JBI Component Packaging (installation)

• Write an XML descriptor for the component the deployment descriptor

• Package the descriptor with component logic in a JAR archive

• Install the component in JBI environment

• Component deployment descriptor

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Deployment• Provide services to JBI environment through the JBI

component• Service (component artifact) is described by XML descriptor

and packaged as “Service Unit” (SU)

• Services that have to be deployed into different components to produce a new application can be grouped into a “Service Assembly” (SA).

• The SA contains an XML descriptor to describe how each SU is deployed on its target component

• Service assembly deployment descriptor

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Components and Artifacts Lifecycle

• Components and artifacts are managed with the same unified lifecycle

• Lifecycle management is accessible by admin tools via standard JMX MBean defined by the specification

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Applying JBI With ESB• Open ESB

Sun's Open Source Enterprise Service Bus A standard, distributed integration infrastructure Highly distributed scalable JBI services Uses JBI Reference Implementation code Based on MOM—async XML message exchanges Centralized management Standard deployment of composite services QOS characteristics

• Open ESB Architecture

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Integration Solution: Proxy Service

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Integration Solution: Proxy Service• Composite App: Service Assembly

A collection of service unit

• Proxy service deployment

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Composite Application Using JBI

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BPEL

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JBI• Service based

Plug-in components serve roles Service provider, consumer, both

Providers supply self-description Messages Operations and message exchange

patterns Services Endpoints …All using WSDL

• Service Engines Provide local services

Business Processes (orchestration: BPEL4WS)

Transformation (XSLT, EDI) Business Logic (EJBs) Integrated Java technology-based ap

ps

Consume services Orchestration

No Restrictions

• Binding Components Proxy for remote service providers

Protocol: SOAP, AS2, ebXML MSH, XML-over-HTTP, EDI, etc.

Access for remote service consumers

Protocol access to SE-provided services BC-proxied services

Contain no business logic Convention: break at your peril

No Restrictions

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Normalized Message Router

• Key to interoperation between components• Mediated Message Exchange

• Normalized Message Abstract Message (payload) + Message Properties (metadata)

WSDL Abstract Message WSDL interface operation message definition

Properties (metadata) Protocol-supplied context information Security tokens Transaction information Data other components may recognize

• Message Exchange Pattern Support for simple communications primitives Message exchange patterns are defined from the provider’s

perspective

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Inside Message Exchange Handling

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JBI

• JBI is a messaging-based plug-in architecture

• JBI does not define the pluggable component themselves, but Defines the framework, container interface, behavior, and common

services

• JBI allows anyone to create JBI compliant integration plug-in component and integrate them dynamically into the JBI infrastructure

• Key pieces of the JBI environment SE BC NMR JBI runtime environment (JBI meta container)

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JBI• JBI is an architecture for integration systems specifying plug-in components that interopera

te by exchanging messages, rather than by interacting directly. This decoupling increases flexibility because each component needs to know how to interact with the JBI bus only and not with n number of other components. JBI components provide services, consume services, or sometimes both. There are two types of components: Service Engines (SE) and Binding Components (BC). The SEs provide business logic and transformation services. The BCs provide connectivity for applications that are external to the JBI. The separation of business and processing logic from communication logic makes the implementation of components much less complex.

• The mediated message exchange between components is provided by the Normalized Message Router (NMR). The NMR routes normalized messages between service providers and consumers. A normalized message consists of two parts: the message content (payload) and the message metadata. The message metadata contains information such as security information, that can affect the processing of the message as it routes through the JBI. Messages flowing into the JBI, via binding components, are translated into a normalized (neutral) format, then routed to their destination. Prior to final delivery the normalized message is translated into the appropriate format for the recipient. A message can be routed through several JBI components depending on what processing is needed.

• The JBI environment also supplies a set of services for self management, including services for component installation and life cycle management of components.

• In summary, the JBI specification creates a standards-based technology for enterprise application integration.

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JBI• LogicBlaze has implemented the ServiceMix ESB based on the JBI (JSR 208) specificatio

n in order to create a standards based ESB and the ServiceMix ESB combines the functionality of both a Service Oriented Architecture (S0A) and Event Driven Architecture (EDA) to achieve an agile, enterprise ESB.

• ServiceMix supports event driven architecture for events occurring both internal and external to the bus. In other words, JMS binding components can listen for the arrival of messages, i.e., the "event" on topics or queues which are external to the bus, while other components can listen for messages on the normalized message bus.

• JSR 208 describes a set of Java APIs to interact with an implementation of a Java-based Enterprise Service Bus (ESB). This ESB must provide for the integration of disparate service components, enabling them to communicate with their consumers or clients through a myriad of communications modules.

• It is specified as a set of Java based APIs and component packaging conventions that all JBI compliant ESB implementations must follow. The JBI 1.0 APIs attempt to ensure that Java components developed can be deployed and executed across different vendors’ ESB implementations.

• All plug-in components on the ESB, regardless of type (SE or BC), and regardless of role (consumer or provider), all communicate in the same way.

• All components on the ESB communicate with one another by passing messages.

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• The ESB will only work with normalized messages, i.e. ones with protocol specificity removed. This means that you cannot tell, from examining the message, the connection or protocol over which it was sent.

• A component must normalize any message before sending it to the ESB. Similarly, if a BC needs to send a message to an external system (outside of the ESB), the message must be denormalized before further routing or use. Denormalization puts back communications protocol-dependent frames, headers, and other information. This is the reason why an ESB is often also called a NMR or Normalized Message Router.

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• Services that need to be accessed by the ESB are accessed as endpoints.

• Endpoint is how a service is addressed by the ESB.

• Service is the actual business entity the performs the desired function

• Service units provide information about the services and their endpoints to the component

• Service assembly is how several service units are packaged and deployed on to target components

• Integrating old and new components and services using a service-oriented architecture requires an infrastructure that can connect any component or service, regardless of location, messaging protocol, and message format. To orchestrate existing services and components to meet the needs of today's dynamic business climate, this infrastructure must be highly customizable. The enterprise service bus (ESB) infrastructure fulfills these requirements.

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• Enterprise service bus (ESB) is a centralized, logical, architectural component that operates in a distributed, heterogeneous environment to facilitate the requirements of a highly scalable, fault-tolerant, service-messaging framework.

• JBI embodies a messaging model based on Web Services Description Language (WSDL) for easy mapping to Web services, HTTP, email, and JMS. JBI integrates with legacy systems, binary transports, document-oriented transports, and RPC (remote procedure call) systems.

• Message normalization is the process of mapping context-specific data to a context-neutral abstraction to transport data in a standard format. All messages handled by the NMR are normalized.

• An NMR is not embodied by any concrete object. It is abstracted as a set of APIs, SPIs (service provider interfaces), and components. The NMR APIs include: JBI Message API JBI Service API JBI Message Exchange Factory API Service Description SPI Message Exchange Patterns API Endpoint Reference API

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• JBI supports two kinds of components, service engines and binding components. Components interact with JBI in two ways: SPIs: Interfaces implemented by a binding or engine APIs: Interfaces exposed to bindings or engines by the framework

• An external service consumer sends a service request across a specific protocol and transport to a binding component. The binding component converts the request to a normalized message. The binding component then creates a message packet called a message exchange (ME) and sends it across the binding component's delivery channel to the NMR for delivery to a service provider.