View
219
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 1/29
14 November 2007
CIBSE Guide L: Sustainability
meets
ASHRAE Green Guide
Presented by Hywel Davies
CIBSE Technical Director
Based on material prepared by
Dave Cheshire, Faber Maunsell
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 2/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
CIBSE Guide L:
Sustainability
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 3/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
ASHRAE
GreenGuide
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 4/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Defining Sustainable
Development
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 5/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Defining
sustainability
• “providing for the
needs of the
present without
detracting from theability to fulfill the
needs of the future” GreenGuide
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 6/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Defining
sustainability -
GreenGuide
• Minimising natural resource
consumption
• Renewable energy resources to
achieve net zero energy
consumption
• Minimising emissions, includingindoor air quality, greenhouse
gases
• Minimising discharge of solid
waste and liquid effluents
• Minimal negative impacts on site
ecosystems
• Maximise quality of indoor
environment
IAQ
Energy & water
Renewables
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 7/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Drivers for
sustainability
cf ‘Owners Project
Requirements’ in
GreenGuide
CIBSE Introduction
Figure 6
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 8/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Planning drivers
• PPS on Planning and Climate Change
• Further Alterations to the London Plan(including proposed 20% renewablestarget)
• SPG on Sustainable Design and
Construction• Ensuring Part L compliance pre-
planning
= more involvement early on
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 9/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
ASHRAE Green
Guide – Overview
Content: Three Basic Sections
Basics
(Chapters 1 – 2)
Design Process(Chapters 3– 16)
Post Design(Chapter 18)
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 10/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
ASHRAE Green Guide
The Design Process
• Chapter 3: Commissioning (Cx)
– Why is this the 3rd chapter in the book?
– Phases of Commissioning
Preliminary
Design Construction
Acceptance
ContinuousCx
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 11/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Commissioning
• “…a comprehensive commissioning process that
starts during pre-design …”
• The main role at pre-design is to develop
comprehensive Owners Project Requirements
• This is similar to the role of the sustainability
champion
• Also, look at commissionability of the systems at
design phase
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 12/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 13/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
LEED and BREEAM
• Provides a chapter on
LEED guidance for
HVAC engineers
• BREEAM not a
separate chapter inCIBSE - referenced
wherever relevant
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 14/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
GreenGuide targets
• Achieve a level of energy use at least 50% lower than the
DOE-compiled average levels for the same building type and
region, both projected an in actual operation;
• Provide at least 15% of the building’s annual energy use (in
operation) from renewable sources• Achieve per capita water usage 40% lower than the
documented average for building type and region
• Recycle products and post-occupancy evaluation
• (NOTE: Still deals in energy rather than CO2)
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 15/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Setting targets
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 16/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Conceptual
building modelling
• GreenGuide
advocates the use
of ‘conceptual
building modelling,and options
appraisal
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 17/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
Notional (Part L) Proposed (Part L) Total carbon dioxide
emissions
Renewables t arget
C a r b o n d i o x i d e e m i s s i o n s ( k g C O
2 y r )
Small power
DHW
Lighting
Ventilation
Cooling
Heating
28%10%
Part L Planning
Energy strategy
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 18/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Shiny new toys
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 19/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Shiny new toys
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 20/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Adapting to climate
change
• GreenGuide proposes night
pre-cooling as a strategy
• Guide L shows Urban Heat
Island effect problems in cities
• Central London 5–6 °Cwarmer than rural areas.
• Difficult to dissipate heat at
night
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 21/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Living roofs
• Vegetation absorbs less heat
that bare roofs
• Transpiration of water
provides cooling and
humidifying effect• Helps heat island and
reduces amount of cooling
required
• Can be used with PV
• (See CIBSE Green Roofs KS)
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 22/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Adapting to climate
change
Predicted impacts of climatechange include:
• general increases intemperatures, including milder winters and rising summer
temperatures• enhanced urban heat island
• wetter winters, more intenserainfall
• dryer summers
• higher daily mean winter windspeeds
Climate Change Scenarios for the UK,UKCIP02 (2002)
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 23/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Urban heat island
effect
• In central London theurban heat islandeffect can currentlylead to temperature5–6 °C warmer thantemperatures in ruralareas outside London.
• Difficult to dissipateheat at night
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 24/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Pollution -
Refrigerants
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 25/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
User controls
BORDASS W., LEAMAN A and BUNN R, Controls for End Users: a guide for good design and
implementation, Building Controls Industry Association (BCIA), March 2007 ISBN 0 86022 622
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 26/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Fees
• Less kit = lower fees!
• GreenGuide: reducing
loads should be a
valuable service• 7% of fee for
conceptual design – is it
enough?
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 27/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Cost of being
green?
• GreenGuide
argues that it is
cost neutral
• Productivity andoperating costs
should be off-set
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 28/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Lessons learnt
Differences:
• Commissioning considered at start
• Adapting to climate change
• Load reduction or shiny toys?
• Wide topic: ‘sustainability’ –
should we focus more?
• All greenhouse gases matter
• CO2 emissions important
7/28/2019 Hywel 1107
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hywel-1107 29/29
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Lessons learnt
Similarities:
• Increase role of engineers
• Early involvement (loadreduction etc.)
• Similar definition of sustainability
• Advocate / champion for sustainability
• Set targets at the start of the project
Recommended