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How will 5G transformIndustrial IoT?Mehmet Yavuz
VP, Engineering
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
@qualcommJune 6, 2018 Webinar
2
Transforming industries
Connecting virtually everything
@ Wireless Edge
Redefined computing
Desktop to smartphones
Digitized mobile communications
Analog to digital
Transforming how the world connects, computes and communicates
Leading mobile innovation for over 30 years
4
intelligence must be distributedto the wireless edge
Data stays local
Sensing
Privacy
Security
Immediacy
Extract local value
New experiences
Personalization
Tailoring
Autonomy
Trillions of connected things
Massive amount of data
To scale,
5
Distributed/virtualized core1,
mobile edge compute2, cloud RAN, …
Sensing, processing, security,
intelligence
Synergistic balance
On-device capabilities complemented with edge cloud at wireless edge
1. Such as distributed packet gateway functionality for low latency; 2. Also related MEC Multi Access Edge Computing as defined by ETSI
• Ultra-low latency—key to 5G use cases
• Processing to augment on-device
• Local content, analytics, management
• Opportunity to provide tailored value
• Privacy as data stays on device
• Immediacy—tasks on device
• Efficient use of bandwidth
• Personalization with privacy
Edge cloud On-device
Central cloud
6
ConstructionOil refineriesContainer ports Manufacturing
Oil rigsMines Wind farmsWarehouses
>$5 Trillion1
$273B
Utilities
$249B
Mining
$742B
Construction
$659B
Transport
$3,364BManufacturing
1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology
Global economic output in 2035 enabled by 5G in the following five categories
7
Industry 4.0The next industrial revolution is on its way
Industry4.0 + 5G With wireless edge
0 1110 0
Industry
1.0Mechanization
Industry
2.0Electrification
Industry
3.0Digitalization
Industry
4.0Connectivity
• Reconfigurable factories
• Mobile robots and AGV
• Connecting moving parts
• Easy retrofitting
• Single network
• Scale to more devices
• Lower maintenance costs
• Inherent security
5G takes
Industry 4.0 to
the next level
8
Diverse services Scalability to address an extreme variation of requirements
Diverse deployments From macro to indoors, with support for diverse topologies such as private networks
Mid-bands1 GHz to 10 GHz
High-bandsAbove 24 GHz (mmWave)
Low-bandsBelow 1 GHzMassive Internet
of Things
Diverse spectrum Getting the most out of a wide array of spectrum bands/types
NR
Mission-critical
services
Enhanced mobile
broadband
5GNR
Designing a unified, more capable 5G air interface
A unifying connectivity fabric for future innovationA platform for existing, emerging, and unforeseen connected services
9
Making 5G a reality in 2019
20182017 20202019 20222021
Release 17+ evolutionRel-16 work itemsRel-15 work items
Phase 2
Commercial launchesPhase 1
Commercial launchesNRField trialsIoDTs
Standalone (SA)
Continue to evolve LTE in parallel as essential part of the 5G Platform
NSA
We are here
Accelerate eMBB deployments,
plus establish foundation for
future 5G innovations
Deliver new fundamental 5G NR
technologies that expand and
evolve the 5G ecosystem
10
Combination of 5G and compute is essential for Industry 4.0
Compute
Powerful processingOn-device CPU / DSP / GPU,
computer vision, audio, sensing,…
Artificial intelligenceEfficient machine learning,
on-device intelligence
Edge services/cloudData privacy, low latency, local services, device management
Low power
5G NR
LTE IoT
Connectivity
BLEWi-FiMesh
Gigabit LTE
Security
Industry 4.0 + 5G
11
Cloud analytics and virtualized core network functions
Cloud services Local network at edge
Sensitive datastays on site
Quick turnaround for ultra low latency
RAN, core network and analytics functions
Access
Machines
Sensors
Industrial IoT devicesSensing, processing, security, intelligence
Wi-Fi
BLE
15.4 W-HART
Wired
Gateway
Security
Processing
Wireless edge for the industrial IoT
12
Edge computing and analytics
Automated guided vehicle (AGV)
Security camera
Process MonitoringLatency: 100 ms Availability: 99.99%Rate: kbps
Sensors
Safety functionsLatency: <10 ms Availability: 99.9999%Rate: Mbps-kbps
Handheld terminal
Augmented RealityLatency: <10 ms Availability: 99.9%Rate: Gbps-Mbps
Head mounted display
Motion controlLatency: <1 ms Availability: 99.9999%Rate: Mbps-kbps
Industrial robot
Enhanced mobile
broadband Massive IoT
Ultra-reliable low latency
13
Designing 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements
Private 5G networkfor all services
Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC)
Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)
Dedicated licensed or shared/unlicensed spectrum
Unifying connectivity, dedicated network, optimized services
High reliability with low latency in challenging RF environments
Replace wireline industrial ethernet for reconfigurable factories
Spectrum to deploy private 5G network
1414
Private 5G networks for Industrial IoT use cases
TSN1
and Ethernet replacement
Enhanced MBB2 for new uses like XR3
Ultra reliable low-latency
New opportunities with 5G NR capabilitiesOptimizing LTE for the Industrial IoT today
DedicatedLocal network, easy to deploy,
independently managed
OptimizedTailored for industrial
applications, e.g., QoS, latency
SecureCellular grade security and
keeping sensitive data local
Scalable from Gigabit LTE to LTE IoT
Expand to shared / unlicensed spectrum
1. Time Sensitive Networks (TSN); 2. Mobile Broadband (MBB); 3. Extended Reality (XR)—umbrella term for Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), etc.
15
Spatial diversity is essential
• Coordinated multi-point (CoMP)
provides spatial diversity with
high capacity
• CoMP enabled with dense
deployment of small cells with high
bandwidth backhaul
Other diversity limited
• Frequency diversity does not
address RF blockage/shadowing
• Time diversity limited as ultra low
latency dictates timing
URLLCUltra Reliable Low Latency Communication
99.9999% reliability1
1. One of the performance requirements for “Discrete automation, motion control” in 3GPP TS 22.261 V16.3.0 Table 7.2.2-1
gNBgNB
gNB
Ultra reliability using CoMP
CoMP
server
16
Services
Core
network
RAN
User
equipment
Tradeoffs between different physical layer (PHY) splits 3GPP describes multiple options for splitting RAN functionality1
1. 3GPP TR38.801
Data RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
High PHY
Low PHY
RF
Option 7
Option 6
Distributed
unit (DU)
Centralized
unit (DU)
Trade-off
Benefits of centralized PHY• Can support coherent joint-
transmission CoMP resulting in higher capacity
• More resource pooling
• Requires high-performance backhaul, e.g., fiber
Benefits ofdecentralized PHY• Can support non-coherent
CoMP
• Less stringent backhaulrequirements, e.g., GbE
1717
Mini-slot
Achieving ultra-low latency with flexible slot structure
Flexible slot structure allows efficient multiplexing of long and short transmissions
0 1 2 11 12 133 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Slot Mini-slot
500 µs~70 µs
Slot
250 µs~35 µs
Subframe
1ms subframe aligned with LTE
CP-OFDM
symbol
Slot based transmissions for eMBB Mini-slot based transmissions for URLLC
15 kHz SCS
30 kHz SCS
60 kHz SCS
With 2, 4, or 7 symbols — optimized for shorter transmissions suitable for URLLC
1818
Industrial Ethernet using
Time Sensitive Networking1
Enables time synchronization of machines
Deterministic packet delivery
Reserved time slots allow co-existence with best effort traffic
Cycle n
Real-time
traffic class
Real-time
traffic lass
Real-time
traffic class
𝒕𝒏 𝒕𝒏′ 𝒕(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒕(𝒏+𝟏)
′ 𝒕(𝒏+𝟐) 𝒕(𝒏+𝟐)′
Cycle n+1 Cycle n+2
Time
Reservation interval
1) Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a collection of IEEE 802.1Q standards
19
5G Industrial Ethernet, e.g., PROFINET
ControllersServers
Proxy Other field-bussesRemote I/OMachinery
Upgrading existing industrial networks with wireless 5G
Core network
Small cells
UE
5G / Ethernet adaptation
5G / Ethernet adaptation
5G
Industrial Ethernet, e.g., PROFINET
ControllersServers
Proxy Other field-bussesRemote I/OMachinery
20
Adapting 5G to support Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)
Quality of Service (QoS)
• Interface between 5G control plane and TSN for QoS management
• Define new 5G QoS identifier for industrial Ethernet
• Admission control & interaction with TSN QoS framework
Time synchronization
• Time synchronization architecture
• Microsecond synchronization for all nodes
• Broadcasting precise time by gNB
Ethernet over 5G
• Transport Ethernet frames over 5G
• Efficient transport of broadcast packets, including loop prevention
• Automatic address discovery
TSNdevice
Ad
ap
ter
Ad
ap
ter
gNB
Ethernetheader
PayloadEthernetheader
PayloadEthernetheader
Payload5G
header
UE Control plane
User plane
5G core
Backhaul
Precise time
Air linkEthernet Ethernet
TSN system
5G system
QoS mgmt.
TSN master clock
2121
Licensedspectrum
Operators can dedicate a portion in a specific geographical area, e.g., at an industrial plant
Regional regulators can allocate spectrum, e.g., 3.7 GHz under considerationin Germany
Unlicensed/shared spectrum
Unlicensed spectrum behaves like dedicated spectrum in a confined environment controlled by property owner
New sharing paradigms provide enhanced performance with guaranteed performance
Regional shared spectrum for private industrial networks, e.g., CBRS in the USA
Private network spectrum options for both mobile operators and new entrants
Low-bands
Mid-bands
High-bands
22
5G NR — opportunity for new spectrum sharing paradigmsBuilding on spectrum sharing technologies that we are pioneering today for LTE
Evolution pathNR unlicensed (NR-U)
LTE-U / LAA
LWA
MulteFire
CBRS / LSA
Revolution pathNR spectrum sharing (NR-SS)
Flexible NR framework
Guaranteed QoS
Time synch. and coordination
Spatial sharing with CoMP1
Vertical and horizontal sharing
5G
1. Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP)
2323
Key industrial IoT functionality targeted for 3GPP rel. 16
5G NR is being designed to meet Industrial IoT requirements
Multiple verticals
including industrial IoT
Requirements URLLC Time Sensitive Networks (TSN)
Sub-ms latency and
99.9999% reliability
Spectrum
5G NR in unlicensed
or shared spectrum
Handling of Ethernet
switch functions
Enhanced Quality
of Service (QoS)
Microsecond time
synchronization
Real-Time
Best Effort
24
Showcases precise command-and-control of high-demand factory apps
Previews new use casesfor 5G NR URLLC with sub-millisecond latencies
Highlights factory automation use case with 5G NR PrivateNetworks
Enables wireline replacement and reconfigurable factories: a key concept of Industry 4.0
MWC 2018
Industry-first demoof wireless PROFINETIndustrial Ethernetover 5G NR
Demo video available on YouTube, search for “5G NR Industrial IoT”
25
Unique device key embedded
in chipset at factory• Secure boot, debug
• Hardware Root-of-trust• Secure execution environment
• Runtime integrity checks
Qualcomm wireless edge
services cloud platform
3rd party device
management platform
Trusted services to securely connect and manage devices
Qualcomm wireless edge services is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
Secure and trusted lifecycle management• Device attestation and connection integrity
• Device provisioning with plug-n-play on-boarding
• On-demand chipset upgrades and feature activation
26
Extending 5G to industrial IoTURLLC with TSN support demanding industrial
IoT applications such as replacing wired
industrial Ethernet
Using CoMP to extend 5GCoordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) can be
used for both increased reliability and
efficient spectrum sharing
Wireless edgeTo scale industrial IoT, the center of
gravity shifts to the wireless edge with
distributed intelligence
Multiple spectrum optionsPrivate 5G NR networks can be deployed in
licensed spectrum or in shared/unlicensed
spectrum with NR-U or NR-SS
NRSummary
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components or devices referenced herein.
©2018 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated
companies. All Rights Reserved.
Qualcomm is a trademark of Qualcomm Incorporated,
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References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm
Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries
or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as
applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing
business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm
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