How will 5G transformIndustrial IoT?Mehmet Yavuz

VP, Engineering

Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

@qualcommJune 6, 2018 Webinar

2

Transforming industries

Connecting virtually everything

@ Wireless Edge

Redefined computing

Desktop to smartphones

Digitized mobile communications

Analog to digital

Transforming how the world connects, computes and communicates

Leading mobile innovation for over 30 years

3

Today,intelligence is primarily associated with the cloud

4

intelligence must be distributedto the wireless edge

Data stays local

Sensing

Privacy

Security

Immediacy

Extract local value

New experiences

Personalization

Tailoring

Autonomy

Trillions of connected things

Massive amount of data

To scale,

5

Distributed/virtualized core1,

mobile edge compute2, cloud RAN, …

Sensing, processing, security,

intelligence

Synergistic balance

On-device capabilities complemented with edge cloud at wireless edge

1. Such as distributed packet gateway functionality for low latency; 2. Also related MEC Multi Access Edge Computing as defined by ETSI

• Ultra-low latency—key to 5G use cases

• Processing to augment on-device

• Local content, analytics, management

• Opportunity to provide tailored value

• Privacy as data stays on device

• Immediacy—tasks on device

• Efficient use of bandwidth

• Personalization with privacy

Edge cloud On-device

Central cloud

6

ConstructionOil refineriesContainer ports Manufacturing

Oil rigsMines Wind farmsWarehouses

>$5 Trillion1

$273B

Utilities

$249B

Mining

$742B

Construction

$659B

Transport

$3,364BManufacturing

1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology

Global economic output in 2035 enabled by 5G in the following five categories

7

Industry 4.0The next industrial revolution is on its way

Industry4.0 + 5G With wireless edge

0 1110 0

Industry

1.0Mechanization

Industry

2.0Electrification

Industry

3.0Digitalization

Industry

4.0Connectivity

• Reconfigurable factories

• Mobile robots and AGV

• Connecting moving parts

• Easy retrofitting

• Single network

• Scale to more devices

• Lower maintenance costs

• Inherent security

5G takes

Industry 4.0 to

the next level

8

Diverse services Scalability to address an extreme variation of requirements

Diverse deployments From macro to indoors, with support for diverse topologies such as private networks

Mid-bands1 GHz to 10 GHz

High-bandsAbove 24 GHz (mmWave)

Low-bandsBelow 1 GHzMassive Internet

of Things

Diverse spectrum Getting the most out of a wide array of spectrum bands/types

NR

Mission-critical

services

Enhanced mobile

broadband

5GNR

Designing a unified, more capable 5G air interface

A unifying connectivity fabric for future innovationA platform for existing, emerging, and unforeseen connected services

9

Making 5G a reality in 2019

20182017 20202019 20222021

Release 17+ evolutionRel-16 work itemsRel-15 work items

Phase 2

Commercial launchesPhase 1

Commercial launchesNRField trialsIoDTs

Standalone (SA)

Continue to evolve LTE in parallel as essential part of the 5G Platform

NSA

We are here

Accelerate eMBB deployments,

plus establish foundation for

future 5G innovations

Deliver new fundamental 5G NR

technologies that expand and

evolve the 5G ecosystem

10

Combination of 5G and compute is essential for Industry 4.0

Compute

Powerful processingOn-device CPU / DSP / GPU,

computer vision, audio, sensing,…

Artificial intelligenceEfficient machine learning,

on-device intelligence

Edge services/cloudData privacy, low latency, local services, device management

Low power

5G NR

LTE IoT

Connectivity

BLEWi-FiMesh

Gigabit LTE

Security

Industry 4.0 + 5G

11

Cloud analytics and virtualized core network functions

Cloud services Local network at edge

Sensitive datastays on site

Quick turnaround for ultra low latency

RAN, core network and analytics functions

Access

Machines

Sensors

Industrial IoT devicesSensing, processing, security, intelligence

Wi-Fi

BLE

15.4 W-HART

Wired

Gateway

Security

Processing

Wireless edge for the industrial IoT

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Edge computing and analytics

Automated guided vehicle (AGV)

Security camera

Process MonitoringLatency: 100 ms Availability: 99.99%Rate: kbps

Sensors

Safety functionsLatency: <10 ms Availability: 99.9999%Rate: Mbps-kbps

Handheld terminal

Augmented RealityLatency: <10 ms Availability: 99.9%Rate: Gbps-Mbps

Head mounted display

Motion controlLatency: <1 ms Availability: 99.9999%Rate: Mbps-kbps

Industrial robot

Enhanced mobile

broadband Massive IoT

Ultra-reliable low latency

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Designing 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements

Private 5G networkfor all services

Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC)

Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)

Dedicated licensed or shared/unlicensed spectrum

Unifying connectivity, dedicated network, optimized services

High reliability with low latency in challenging RF environments

Replace wireline industrial ethernet for reconfigurable factories

Spectrum to deploy private 5G network

1414

Private 5G networks for Industrial IoT use cases

TSN1

and Ethernet replacement

Enhanced MBB2 for new uses like XR3

Ultra reliable low-latency

New opportunities with 5G NR capabilitiesOptimizing LTE for the Industrial IoT today

DedicatedLocal network, easy to deploy,

independently managed

OptimizedTailored for industrial

applications, e.g., QoS, latency

SecureCellular grade security and

keeping sensitive data local

Scalable from Gigabit LTE to LTE IoT

Expand to shared / unlicensed spectrum

1. Time Sensitive Networks (TSN); 2. Mobile Broadband (MBB); 3. Extended Reality (XR)—umbrella term for Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), etc.

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Spatial diversity is essential

• Coordinated multi-point (CoMP)

provides spatial diversity with

high capacity

• CoMP enabled with dense

deployment of small cells with high

bandwidth backhaul

Other diversity limited

• Frequency diversity does not

address RF blockage/shadowing

• Time diversity limited as ultra low

latency dictates timing

URLLCUltra Reliable Low Latency Communication

99.9999% reliability1

1. One of the performance requirements for “Discrete automation, motion control” in 3GPP TS 22.261 V16.3.0 Table 7.2.2-1

gNBgNB

gNB

Ultra reliability using CoMP

CoMP

server

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Services

Core

network

RAN

User

equipment

Tradeoffs between different physical layer (PHY) splits 3GPP describes multiple options for splitting RAN functionality1

1. 3GPP TR38.801

Data RRC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

High PHY

Low PHY

RF

Option 7

Option 6

Distributed

unit (DU)

Centralized

unit (DU)

Trade-off

Benefits of centralized PHY• Can support coherent joint-

transmission CoMP resulting in higher capacity

• More resource pooling

• Requires high-performance backhaul, e.g., fiber

Benefits ofdecentralized PHY• Can support non-coherent

CoMP

• Less stringent backhaulrequirements, e.g., GbE

1717

Mini-slot

Achieving ultra-low latency with flexible slot structure

Flexible slot structure allows efficient multiplexing of long and short transmissions

0 1 2 11 12 133 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Slot Mini-slot

500 µs~70 µs

Slot

250 µs~35 µs

Subframe

1ms subframe aligned with LTE

CP-OFDM

symbol

Slot based transmissions for eMBB Mini-slot based transmissions for URLLC

15 kHz SCS

30 kHz SCS

60 kHz SCS

With 2, 4, or 7 symbols — optimized for shorter transmissions suitable for URLLC

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Industrial Ethernet using

Time Sensitive Networking1

Enables time synchronization of machines

Deterministic packet delivery

Reserved time slots allow co-existence with best effort traffic

Cycle n

Real-time

traffic class

Real-time

traffic lass

Real-time

traffic class

𝒕𝒏 𝒕𝒏′ 𝒕(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒕(𝒏+𝟏)

′ 𝒕(𝒏+𝟐) 𝒕(𝒏+𝟐)′

Cycle n+1 Cycle n+2

Time

Reservation interval

1) Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a collection of IEEE 802.1Q standards

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5G Industrial Ethernet, e.g., PROFINET

ControllersServers

Proxy Other field-bussesRemote I/OMachinery

Upgrading existing industrial networks with wireless 5G

Core network

Small cells

UE

5G / Ethernet adaptation

5G / Ethernet adaptation

5G

Industrial Ethernet, e.g., PROFINET

ControllersServers

Proxy Other field-bussesRemote I/OMachinery

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Adapting 5G to support Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)

Quality of Service (QoS)

• Interface between 5G control plane and TSN for QoS management

• Define new 5G QoS identifier for industrial Ethernet

• Admission control & interaction with TSN QoS framework

Time synchronization

• Time synchronization architecture

• Microsecond synchronization for all nodes

• Broadcasting precise time by gNB

Ethernet over 5G

• Transport Ethernet frames over 5G

• Efficient transport of broadcast packets, including loop prevention

• Automatic address discovery

TSNdevice

Ad

ap

ter

Ad

ap

ter

gNB

Ethernetheader

PayloadEthernetheader

PayloadEthernetheader

Payload5G

header

UE Control plane

User plane

5G core

Backhaul

Precise time

Air linkEthernet Ethernet

TSN system

5G system

QoS mgmt.

TSN master clock

2121

Licensedspectrum

Operators can dedicate a portion in a specific geographical area, e.g., at an industrial plant

Regional regulators can allocate spectrum, e.g., 3.7 GHz under considerationin Germany

Unlicensed/shared spectrum

Unlicensed spectrum behaves like dedicated spectrum in a confined environment controlled by property owner

New sharing paradigms provide enhanced performance with guaranteed performance

Regional shared spectrum for private industrial networks, e.g., CBRS in the USA

Private network spectrum options for both mobile operators and new entrants

Low-bands

Mid-bands

High-bands

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5G NR — opportunity for new spectrum sharing paradigmsBuilding on spectrum sharing technologies that we are pioneering today for LTE

Evolution pathNR unlicensed (NR-U)

LTE-U / LAA

LWA

MulteFire

CBRS / LSA

Revolution pathNR spectrum sharing (NR-SS)

Flexible NR framework

Guaranteed QoS

Time synch. and coordination

Spatial sharing with CoMP1

Vertical and horizontal sharing

5G

1. Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP)

2323

Key industrial IoT functionality targeted for 3GPP rel. 16

5G NR is being designed to meet Industrial IoT requirements

Multiple verticals

including industrial IoT

Requirements URLLC Time Sensitive Networks (TSN)

Sub-ms latency and

99.9999% reliability

Spectrum

5G NR in unlicensed

or shared spectrum

Handling of Ethernet

switch functions

Enhanced Quality

of Service (QoS)

Microsecond time

synchronization

Real-Time

Best Effort

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Showcases precise command-and-control of high-demand factory apps

Previews new use casesfor 5G NR URLLC with sub-millisecond latencies

Highlights factory automation use case with 5G NR PrivateNetworks

Enables wireline replacement and reconfigurable factories: a key concept of Industry 4.0

MWC 2018

Industry-first demoof wireless PROFINETIndustrial Ethernetover 5G NR

Demo video available on YouTube, search for “5G NR Industrial IoT”

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Unique device key embedded

in chipset at factory• Secure boot, debug

• Hardware Root-of-trust• Secure execution environment

• Runtime integrity checks

Qualcomm wireless edge

services cloud platform

3rd party device

management platform

Trusted services to securely connect and manage devices

Qualcomm wireless edge services is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

Secure and trusted lifecycle management• Device attestation and connection integrity

• Device provisioning with plug-n-play on-boarding

• On-demand chipset upgrades and feature activation

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Extending 5G to industrial IoTURLLC with TSN support demanding industrial

IoT applications such as replacing wired

industrial Ethernet

Using CoMP to extend 5GCoordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) can be

used for both increased reliability and

efficient spectrum sharing

Wireless edgeTo scale industrial IoT, the center of

gravity shifts to the wireless edge with

distributed intelligence

Multiple spectrum optionsPrivate 5G NR networks can be deployed in

licensed spectrum or in shared/unlicensed

spectrum with NR-U or NR-SS

NRSummary

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