Hormones and Their Principal Actions

7/30/2019 Hormones and Their Principal Actions

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HORMONES AND THEIR PRINCIPAL ACTION 

#   Hormone Where Secreted Stimulus for 

 Production

Gross Effects of Hormones

1 Growth hormone (STH)  Adcnohypophysis(anterior pituitary) 

Hypothalamus

secretions (carried via pituitary portal blood

vessels) regulate

secretion 

Stimulates growth, antagonizes

action of insulin 

2 Adrcnocorticotrophichormone (ACTH) 

,, ,, Stimulates secretion by adrenalcortex 

3 Follicle Stimulating

Hormone (FSH) ,, ,, Stimulates growth of ovarian

follicles, estrogen secretion 

4 Luteinizing hormone

(LH),, ,, Stimulates ovulation, and corpus

lutcum growth, estrogen secretion 

5 Lufeotiophic hormone

(LTH),, ,, Stimulates secretion by corpus

luteum 

6 Thyrotrophic hormone

(THS),, ,, Stimulates secretion by thyroid

7 Insulin Islets of Langerhans of  pancreas; β-cells 

Blood sugar changes  Decreases blood sugar  

8 Glucagon Islets of Langerhans of  pancreas; α-cells 

Blood sugar changes  Increases blood sugar 

9 Thyroid hormone  'Ihyroid gland  Thyrotrophic hormone Increases metabolic rate

10 Calcitonin

(Thyrocalcitonin) 'Ihyroid gland  High blood Ca++ levels  Lowers blood Ca++ 

11 Corticosterones  Adrenal Cortex  ACTH  Antagonizes action of insulin onglucose metabolism 

12 Aldosterone Adrenal Cortex  ACTH  Electrolyte balance 

13 Epinephrine  Adrenal medulla  Stress stimuli  Glucose metabolism,

vasoconstrictor  

14 Estrogen Ovary, follicle  FSH, LH  Growth of uterus 

15 Progesterone Ovary, corpus lutcum LH, LTH  Maintenance of pregnancy

16 Testosterone  Interstitial cells of testis  LH  Growth and secretion male

accessory glands 17 Parathyroid hormone  Parathyroid glands  Low blood Ca Increases blood Ca , decreases

 blood phosphorus 18 Anti-diuretic hormone

(vasopressin) Hypothalamus, viaaxons to posterior  pituitary

(neurohypophysis) 

Osmotic changes

cause neurosecretorycells to form it 

Increases water reabsorp-tion in

tubules of kidney 

19 Oxytocin Hypothalamus, viaaxons to posterior 

 pituitary

(neurohypophysis) 

Unknown  Causes contraction of smooth

muscle, probably helps terminate pregnancy

20 Intermedin  Intermediate lobe of  pituitary gland 

 Neuroscrctory cells ?  Causes chromatophore changes,

 produces lightening and darkening

of body colour  21 Gastrin  Stomach   Neural and chemical

changes in stomach Causes secretion of stomach

enzymes 

22 Secretin  Duodenum   Neural and chemicalchanges in duodenum 

Causes secretion of pancreaticHC03~' 

23 Pancreozymin  ,, Same as secretin  Causes secretion of pancreatic

enzymes 24 Enterogastrone  ,, Same as secretin  Inhibits gastric secretion 

25 Cholecystokinin  ,, Chemical changes induodenum (fats) 

Causes gall bladder contraction