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HORMONES AND THEIR PRINCIPAL ACTION
# Hormone Where Secreted Stimulus for
Production
Gross Effects of Hormones
1 Growth hormone (STH) Adcnohypophysis(anterior pituitary)
Hypothalamus
secretions (carried via pituitary portal blood
vessels) regulate
secretion
Stimulates growth, antagonizes
action of insulin
2 Adrcnocorticotrophichormone (ACTH)
,, ,, Stimulates secretion by adrenalcortex
3 Follicle Stimulating
Hormone (FSH) ,, ,, Stimulates growth of ovarian
follicles, estrogen secretion
4 Luteinizing hormone
(LH),, ,, Stimulates ovulation, and corpus
lutcum growth, estrogen secretion
5 Lufeotiophic hormone
(LTH),, ,, Stimulates secretion by corpus
luteum
6 Thyrotrophic hormone
(THS),, ,, Stimulates secretion by thyroid
7 Insulin Islets of Langerhans of pancreas; β-cells
Blood sugar changes Decreases blood sugar
8 Glucagon Islets of Langerhans of pancreas; α-cells
Blood sugar changes Increases blood sugar
9 Thyroid hormone 'Ihyroid gland Thyrotrophic hormone Increases metabolic rate
10 Calcitonin
(Thyrocalcitonin) 'Ihyroid gland High blood Ca++ levels Lowers blood Ca++
11 Corticosterones Adrenal Cortex ACTH Antagonizes action of insulin onglucose metabolism
12 Aldosterone Adrenal Cortex ACTH Electrolyte balance
13 Epinephrine Adrenal medulla Stress stimuli Glucose metabolism,
vasoconstrictor
14 Estrogen Ovary, follicle FSH, LH Growth of uterus
15 Progesterone Ovary, corpus lutcum LH, LTH Maintenance of pregnancy
16 Testosterone Interstitial cells of testis LH Growth and secretion male
accessory glands 17 Parathyroid hormone Parathyroid glands Low blood Ca Increases blood Ca , decreases
blood phosphorus 18 Anti-diuretic hormone
(vasopressin) Hypothalamus, viaaxons to posterior pituitary
(neurohypophysis)
Osmotic changes
cause neurosecretorycells to form it
Increases water reabsorp-tion in
tubules of kidney
19 Oxytocin Hypothalamus, viaaxons to posterior
pituitary
(neurohypophysis)
Unknown Causes contraction of smooth
muscle, probably helps terminate pregnancy
20 Intermedin Intermediate lobe of pituitary gland
Neuroscrctory cells ? Causes chromatophore changes,
produces lightening and darkening
of body colour 21 Gastrin Stomach Neural and chemical
changes in stomach Causes secretion of stomach
enzymes
22 Secretin Duodenum Neural and chemicalchanges in duodenum
Causes secretion of pancreaticHC03~'
23 Pancreozymin ,, Same as secretin Causes secretion of pancreatic
enzymes 24 Enterogastrone ,, Same as secretin Inhibits gastric secretion
25 Cholecystokinin ,, Chemical changes induodenum (fats)
Causes gall bladder contraction
