HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from Yesterday) Abraham is the father of the Hebrews About 1800 B.C. he...

JUDAISM

HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from Yesterday)Abraham is the father of the HebrewsAbout 1800 B.C. he lived in a city called Ur in

MesopotamiaIt is believed that God told Abraham to leave

Ur and go to Canaan(present day Israel) God told Abraham that if he went to Canaan the

land there would belong to his descendentsThis was a promise from God and so

Canaan(Israel) is considered the Promised Land

EGYPT

There was a famine in CanaanThe Israelites were starving and so they went to Egypt

A new pharaoh came to powerHe enslaved the Israelites and made them work on his building projects

MOSESMoses helped the Israelites leave EgyptThis is known as the ExodusThey wandered around the Sinai Desert for

40 years Moses climbed to the top of Mt Sinai and

God spoke to himMoses carried two stone tablets down the

mountainThe Ten Commandments were written on

the tablets

Return to Promised LandThe Israelites wanted to reclaim their land in

CanaanThis lead to 200 years of warAfter a period of peace the Philistines invade

and King David is able to drive them outKing Solomon succeeds King DavidAfter King Solomon died the Israelite Kingdom

split in two: Israel and JudahThe word Judaism and Jew come from the name Judah during thistime in history.

Who is followed and important teachings

First Monotheistic religion- a belief in one God

Believe Messiah will appear in Jerusalem and bring peace and harmony to the world

It is important to follow the Ten Commandments

The first four commandments have to do with a relationship with God

The next six have to do with a relationship with other people.

Religious Book--TORAHTorah-The first five books of the Hebrew Bible

There is a belief that these were given to the people by God

They give the early history, laws, and beliefs of the Hebrews

The five books are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy

Sabbath or Shabbat

Sundown Friday to sundown Saturday

People should refrain from workMany go to the Synagogue- the Jewish place of worship

Spend time with family, reading the Torah, and eating traditional meals.

Holy DaysRosh Hashanah: the Jewish New Year- a 10

day period of repentance, renewal and remembrance

Yom Kippur: “Day of Atonement”- pray for forgiveness of oneself and others

Hanukkah: “Festival of Lights”- celebrated the miracle of 1 day of oil lasting 8 days at the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem

Passover: a time to remember the slaves Exodus from Egypt

MitzvahBar Mitzvah- “son of commandment”-occurs when a boy is 13

Bat Mitzvah- “daughter of commandment”- occurs when a girl is 12

These are ceremonies held to celebrate the child’s passage to adulthood

FACTSRabbi- a Jewish spiritual leader

Worldwide population-14.5 million

Christianity and Islam grew out of Judaism

Judaism is practiced all over the world, but many Jews live in Israel, where a Jewish state was created in 1948.

SymbolThe Star of David, also called the Shield of

David, is a very important symbol of Judaism. The symbol honors King David, who ruled the Kingdom of Israel about 1000-962 B.C.