HISTORY of CHINA. Dynasties Zhou Qin (Shi Huangdi) Han ** Tang & Song Yuan (Mongols) Ming Qing...

HISTORY of CHINA

Dynasties• Zhou

• Qin (Shi Huangdi)

• Han **

• Tang & Song

• Yuan (Mongols)

• Ming

• Qing (Manchus)Shi Huandi

(First Emperor)

Dynastic Cycle

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESPROBLEMS

AGING DYNASTY

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESFair laws

land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong

PROBLEMS

AGING DYNASTY

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESFair laws

land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong

PROBLEMS

AGING DYNASTYPublic works projects ignoredWars with foreigners lostTaxes increase – burden falls on poorDefensive walls in state of disrepair

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESFair laws

land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong

PROBLEMSFloods & natural disasters

Foreign invasionsPeasants suffering increases

Armed bandits roam landPeasants rebel

AGING DYNASTYPublic works projects ignoredWars with foreigners lostTaxes increase – burden falls on poorDefensive walls in state of disrepair

Dynasties• Zhou

• Qin (Shi Huangdi)

• Han **

• Tang & Song

• Yuan (Mongols)

• Ming

• Qing (Manchus)Shi Huandi

(First Emperor)

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Shang Dynasty

Name one development of the Shang (p. 328)

Zhou Dynasty (“joe”)

1. What is the “cycle” called, developed by the Zhou?

2. What are the three schools of thought (purple lettering p. 330-332) and the Religion adopted (p. 332) during this era?

Buddhism

• Four Noble Truths– Life is suffering – Suffering caused by craving worldly pleasures – Suffering ends when craving ends (Enlightenment)

– Reach Enlightenment by following the Buddha.

• From India

• No beginning, no end

• Acceptance of everything

• No worldly desires

What most frustrates you?

What would you most like to have, something you don’t

already have?

If you could refuse to desire more…

If you could not get frustrated

YOU JUST REACHED NIRVANA

Describe Nirvana (Buddhist heaven)

3 Philosophies of China

• Purpose: create order in society

• They are NOT religions

• There are NO gods

• There is NO sacred book

• There is NO discussion of an after-life

3 Philosophies of China

• Confucianism– Life is focused on RESPECT FOR OTHERS

• Taoism (Daoism)– Life is focused on HARMONY WITH NATURE

• Legalism– Life is full of STRICT RULES & OBEDIENCE

ConfucianismConfucianism• Creates order in society• Five Key Relationships

– Father to son– Husband to wife – Ruler to followers– Brother to brother– Friend to friend

• Respect for ruler• Care for follower• Filial piety (Complete obedience to parents)• Education, Honesty, Hard Work

K’ung Futse

Describe a Confucius relationship

Taoism

• Tao = “the way”

• Harmony with Nature

• Balanced life

Lao-Tse

Yin & Yang

Describe a Taoist parent

Legalism

• Strict Rules

• Harsh Punishments

• Developed for Qin

(Shi Huang di)

Shang Yang

Describe a Legalistic teacher

Buddhism in Japan

• Not the same as in China

• Called ZEN BUDDHISM

(in China, it was “Ch’en”)

JAPANESE ZEN BUDDHIST TRADTIONS:

• Tea Ceremony

• Tea House

Tea Ceremony

•Ritualized•Run by Tea Master•Matcha Tea (frothy)•Meditation – no talking •Lots of Bowing

Tea House

•On your knees•Simple decorations, quiet•Meditation

Describe Zen Buddhism