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HISTORY of CHINA
Dynasties• Zhou
• Qin (Shi Huangdi)
• Han **
• Tang & Song
• Yuan (Mongols)
• Ming
• Qing (Manchus)Shi Huandi
(First Emperor)
Dynastic Cycle
New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic Cycle
Mandate ofHeaven
New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven
GOOD TIMESPROBLEMS
AGING DYNASTY
Dynastic Cycle
Mandate ofHeaven
New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven
GOOD TIMESFair laws
land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong
PROBLEMS
AGING DYNASTY
Dynastic Cycle
Mandate ofHeaven
New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven
GOOD TIMESFair laws
land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong
PROBLEMS
AGING DYNASTYPublic works projects ignoredWars with foreigners lostTaxes increase – burden falls on poorDefensive walls in state of disrepair
Dynastic Cycle
Mandate ofHeaven
New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven
GOOD TIMESFair laws
land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong
PROBLEMSFloods & natural disasters
Foreign invasionsPeasants suffering increases
Armed bandits roam landPeasants rebel
AGING DYNASTYPublic works projects ignoredWars with foreigners lostTaxes increase – burden falls on poorDefensive walls in state of disrepair
Dynasties• Zhou
• Qin (Shi Huangdi)
• Han **
• Tang & Song
• Yuan (Mongols)
• Ming
• Qing (Manchus)Shi Huandi
(First Emperor)
http://www.mrdowling.com/613chinesehistory.html
Shang Dynasty
Name one development of the Shang (p. 328)
Zhou Dynasty (“joe”)
1. What is the “cycle” called, developed by the Zhou?
2. What are the three schools of thought (purple lettering p. 330-332) and the Religion adopted (p. 332) during this era?
Buddhism
• Four Noble Truths– Life is suffering – Suffering caused by craving worldly pleasures – Suffering ends when craving ends (Enlightenment)
– Reach Enlightenment by following the Buddha.
• From India
• No beginning, no end
• Acceptance of everything
• No worldly desires
What most frustrates you?
What would you most like to have, something you don’t
already have?
If you could refuse to desire more…
If you could not get frustrated
YOU JUST REACHED NIRVANA
Describe Nirvana (Buddhist heaven)
3 Philosophies of China
• Purpose: create order in society
• They are NOT religions
• There are NO gods
• There is NO sacred book
• There is NO discussion of an after-life
3 Philosophies of China
• Confucianism– Life is focused on RESPECT FOR OTHERS
• Taoism (Daoism)– Life is focused on HARMONY WITH NATURE
• Legalism– Life is full of STRICT RULES & OBEDIENCE
ConfucianismConfucianism• Creates order in society• Five Key Relationships
– Father to son– Husband to wife – Ruler to followers– Brother to brother– Friend to friend
• Respect for ruler• Care for follower• Filial piety (Complete obedience to parents)• Education, Honesty, Hard Work
K’ung Futse
Describe a Confucius relationship
Taoism
• Tao = “the way”
• Harmony with Nature
• Balanced life
Lao-Tse
Yin & Yang
Describe a Taoist parent
Legalism
• Strict Rules
• Harsh Punishments
• Developed for Qin
(Shi Huang di)
Shang Yang
Describe a Legalistic teacher
Buddhism in Japan
• Not the same as in China
• Called ZEN BUDDHISM
(in China, it was “Ch’en”)
JAPANESE ZEN BUDDHIST TRADTIONS:
• Tea Ceremony
• Tea House
Tea Ceremony
•Ritualized•Run by Tea Master•Matcha Tea (frothy)•Meditation – no talking •Lots of Bowing
Tea House
•On your knees•Simple decorations, quiet•Meditation
Describe Zen Buddhism