Disease Caused By Parasitic Worms

DISEASE CAUSED BY PARASITIC

WORMS

BYPOURNIMA SHETTY

MANALI PATKAR

Onchocerciasis

introduction

Also called as River Blindness

Found in Africa and the Middle East

caused by Onchocerca volvulus

SYMPTOMS

Intense itching

lesions

rashes

blindness

depigmentation

elephantiasis

Prevention

Avoiding fly infested areas,

Wearing protective clothing

Using insect repellents

Treatment

Ivermectin Ivermectin is given as a single dose of 150 mg/kg orally and reduces the microfilariae in the skin by 99.5 % after three months.

Should not give to pregnant women and children under 5 years

Dracunculiasis

INTRODUCTION

Commonly known as Guinea worm disease, is a preventable infection caused by the parasite Dracunculus medinensis.

SYMPTOMS diarrhea

vomitting

fever

nausea

Swelling & pain

Itching & burning sensations

Chronic skin ulcers

causes

•

Prevention

Drink clean water

Filter water fleasEducationPrevent

contaminated persons from entering

into pod

treatment

wrapped around a small stick.

No medication is available.Analgesics, such as aspirin or ibuprofen,

can help reduce swelling; antibiotic ointment can help prevent bacterial

infections.

Ascariasis

INTRODUCTION

Caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides.

INTRODUCTION

Caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides.

Particularly prevalent in tropical regions and in areas of poor hygiene.

Other species of the genus Ascaris are parasitic and can cause disease in domestic animals.

SOURCES From soil and vegetation on which fecal matter containing eggs has been deposited.

Ingestion of infective eggs from soil contaminated with human feces or transmission.

Contaminated vegetables and water

Intimate contact with pets in contact with soil.

LIFE CYCLE

SYMPTOMS

coughing

vomitting

fever

restlessness

Abdominal discomfort

Disturbed sleep

DIAGNOSIS The diagnosis is usually incidental when the host passes a worm in the stool or vomit

Stool samples for ova and parasites will demonstrate Ascaris eggs.

Larvae may be found in gastric or respiratory secretions in pulmonary disease.

Blood counts may demonstrate peripheral eosinophilia.

DIAGNOSIS

On X-ray, 15–35 cm long filling defects, sometimes with whirled

appearance (bolus of worms)

PREVENTION

PREVENTION

TREATMENT

mebendazole

Piperazine

Ancylotomiasis

INTRODUCTION

Ancylostomiasis is the condition of infection by Ancylostoma hookworms.

ancylos = crooked, bent stoma = mouth.

Caused when hookworms, present in large numbers, produce an iron deficiency anemia by sucking blood from the host's intestinal walls.

causes

SYMPTOMS

Intestinal bleeding

abdominal pains

anemia

malnutrition

severe diarrhea

TREATMENT

Mebendazole

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