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Country Report: JapanCountry Report: Japan
E-Learning in E-Learning in
Higher EducationHigher Education
Takashi SAKAMOTO
Some Advanced PracticesSome Advanced Practices
E-Learning Use E-Learning Use in Domestic Higher Educationin Domestic Higher Education1・ Interactive Satellite
Communication2・ Internet, Video
conferencing system
3・ One way Satellite Broadcast
Space Collaboration System
SCSSCS Space Collaboration System
2002 SCS Participants2002 SCS ParticipantsCategory No. VSAT
National University 80 103
National Junior College 1 1
Private University 13 14
Technical College 14 14
Research Institute 11 13
Others (University of the Air, etc)
3 5
Total 122 150
2001 Utilization of SCS2001 Utilization of SCS
Classes55%
Others9%
InternalNotice over
SCS1%
TrainingSessions
5%Lectures
9%
Conf5%
StudySessions
16%
ClassesClassesClassesClasses
CostCost CostCost HUB Station US$ 3.6 million
Local VSAT US$
0.6million/1VSAT
Telecommunication US$ 500/1hour
ISS-SCS Space Lecture 2001. 11ISS-SCS Space Lecture 2001. 11
ISS‐SCS Space Lecture
NASA JSC
HYB
NASA-TVProduction Center
Bldg 2
Bldg 8 TV Operation Center
NAPA Teleport
NASA Teleport
Audio
TDRS
GE-2
Production Ctr NIME
HYB
Coordination Line
Telephone Line for Crew Voice (Primary)
Telephone Line for N-1 (Buck-up)
A V
I S S
DECORDER
Outline of the Connection Outline of the Connection For the “ISS-SCS Space Lecture”For the “ISS-SCS Space Lecture”
Audio
HYB
HYB
HYBHYB
HYB
HYB
Telephone Line for Crew Voice (Buck-up)
Telephone Line for N-1 (Primary)
Video
AudioMixer
Video SW
DL
DL
Video
PAS-2
Participating Schools( 114 Universities )
NIME Teleport
JCSAT-3
SCS
Pacific Ocean
Napa, California
Houston, Texas
Chiba, Japan
Medical Information NetworkMedical Information Networkby Communications Satelliteby Communications Satellite
for University Hospitals (MINCS-UH)for University Hospitals (MINCS-UH)
Medical Information NetworkMedical Information Networkby Communications Satelliteby Communications Satellite
for University Hospitals (MINCS-UH)for University Hospitals (MINCS-UH)
Lecture/Audience Audience Audience Audience
Satellite
Question, etc.
1) The first state-of-the-art digital high definition television broadcasting system in the world
2) Bi-directional communication3) Security protection using digital cipher4) Can be operated by university staff
Lecture, etc.
HIU 16 SitesHIU 16 Sites
CSVideo Conferencing
System
Hokkaido Information UniversityHokkaido Information UniversityHokkaido Information UniversityHokkaido Information University
ISDN
PINE-NET
PINE-NETPromoting Information Network for Education System
CS BroadcastingCS Broadcasting
University of the Air University of East Asiael-Net Open College
University of the Air
All subjects are taught by RTV except Physical Exercise
University of East Asia
6:00-24:00 , daily
・ TV Programs after 17:00 for the regular graduate course
・ TV Programs before 17:00
for University extension
The “el-Net System”The “el-Net System”of Monbusho (Ministry of Education, Science, of Monbusho (Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports & Culture)Sports & Culture)
The “el-Net System”The “el-Net System”of Monbusho (Ministry of Education, Science, of Monbusho (Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports & Culture)Sports & Culture)
Schools (119)
Monbusho
(Ministry of Education, Science, Sports & Culture);
National Science Museum; National Youth Center
Libraries; Community
Learning Centers (974)
National Education Center(Headquarters;Formal Education Training Center;Non-Formal Education Training Center)
Prefectural Education Centers
(20)
Prefectural Lifelong Learning Centers (21)
Terrestrial Network
server
Communications Satellite: Superbird B
HUB
★ The “el” stands for “educational and learning” ★ Receiving sites are now over 1,600.
server
el-Net Open Collegeel-Net Open College
51 Universities
173 courses
Virtual UniversityVirtual University
A E N A E N Asian E-learning NetworkAsian E-learning Network
Aoyama University, Nihon Unisys - De La Salle U(Philippines)
U. Kyoto, Waseda U., NTT-X -MMU(Malaysia) Univ. Tokyo, NIME, IBM, - NTU, NUS(Singap
ore) TIT, Hitachi - NASDA, AIT(Thailand) Keio U., Hitachi – Hanoi U.Tech, V.NU (Vietna
m)
How has it been used?How has it been used? 3 universities use this; 12 classes online
– The graduate school of Tokyo university• Prof. Harashima 「 Communication system 」• Prof. Tsujii 「 Natural language processing 」• Prof. Mizukoshi 「 The theory of media 」• Prof. Hamada 「 The law of information 」• Every professor 「 Seminar 」
– Hyogo university of education• Prof. Nagata 「 Home economics 」• Prof. Nagata 「 Home economics training 3 」• Prof. Nagata 「 Home economics training 7 」• Prof. Kishida 「 Cooking training 」
– Shiga university• Prof. Suzuki 「 Science education 」• Prof. Suzuki 「 Science education 」• Prof. Suzuki 「 The field study of science education 」
Universities ImplementingUniversities Implementing e-Learning:International e-Learning:International
NIMEWORLDNIMEWORLD‐World Wide Service, ‐World Wide Service,
World Wide Recognition‐World Wide Recognition‐
International Education Channel
Universities,Higher Education Institute
ResearchInstitute
N I M E
INTERNET
PanAmSat
Transmission Center
http://www.nime.tv/index.html
NIME STREAMNIME STREAM
Internet Live Streaming, Programs
General Trends in UniversitiesGeneral Trends in Universities
NIME SurveyNIME Survey
State of ICT UseState of ICT Use in Universities in Universities
Survey, collected as follows:
2001 65.5%
2000 70.0%
1999 72.4%National Institute of Multimedia Education July, 2002
Summary of the SurveySummary of the Survey
Use of traditional media
(Video, Library DB, B.B. etc) Gradual shift to the use of
the internet and multimedia
National Institute of Multimedia Education July, 2002
Online Education via SatelliteOnline Education via Satellite
6
36
9
8
16
811
12
20
8
0
41
13
13
23
1
39
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Private Univ.
Local PublicUniv.
National Univ
1999 plan to use1999 use2000 plan to use2000 use2001plan to use2001 use
National Institute of Multimedia Education July, 2002
Online Education via InternetOnline Education via Internet
36
34
22
16
29
3223
14
24
16
14
20
14
10
11
39
39
29
0 10 20 30 40 50
Private Univ.
Local PublicUniv.
National Univ1999 plan to use1999 use2000 plan to use2000 use2001plan to use2001 use
National Institute of Multimedia Education July, 2002
Obstacles in using ICTObstacles in using ICT% 1999 2000 2001
Heavy Loads for Specialists 98 97 97
Shortage of supporting staff 97 97 94
Cost 95 95 93
Shortage of Devices 93 89 87
Maintenance Cost 92 91 86
Time for Preparation 88 87 86
Shortage of Instruction Materials 78 85 79
Shortage of Media Literacy in University Teaching
67 60 56
1. Some progressive universities use CS, videoconferencing and the Internet for education.
2. Generally still insufficient
3. Restricted to video, DB of Printed materials, e-mail to enhance administrative efficiency
A・ General Trends
BB ・・ Recent DevelopmentRecent Development
1. Presentation via PC2. Use of e-mail for
communication and evaluation
3. Shift from CS and terrestrial media to the internet
CC ・・ IssuesIssues1. National universities are
generally ahead of public, local and private universities
2. Heavy burden on specific individuals
3. Shortage of budget, staffs and facilities
Future ProblemsFuture Problems
Science Council of JapanScience Council of JapanSpecial Committee Report on the
reconstruction of the Educational System
Issues facing Higher Education in the 21st Century
ー Responding to Educational Globalization ー
4, April 2003
Educational PoliciesEducational Policies
ee-Japan Strategy-Japan StrategyImproving the Information
Literacy of the entire public• Reinforcing IT Education
System at every school level
• Enriching Lifelong Education and Information for every adult
ee-Japan Priority Policy Pro-Japan Priority Policy Programgram
March 2001
e-Japan 2002 Programe-Japan 2002 Program Ⅰ Ⅰ1. Promotion of widespread use
of high-speed and ultra high-speed Internet connections
2. Informatization of education and intensification of personnel training
e-Japan 2002 Programe-Japan 2002 Program Ⅱ Ⅱ3. Enrichment of network content4. Steady promotion in the electronic
government and the electronic administration of autonomous bodies
5. Intensification of internationalization
Jurisdiction related toJurisdiction related to e-Learning e-Learning
Requirements for the DegreeRequirements for the Degree(Units of Study)(Units of Study)
Bachelor 124Bachelor 124Master 30Master 30Doctorate 20Doctorate 20
Units of StudyUnits of StudyObtainable via the Internet and Obtainable via the Internet and
Distance TutorialDistance Tutorial
Correspondence Universities 124Correspondence Universities 124Traditional Universities up to 60Traditional Universities up to 60
NetworkLearning Society
WEBWEBknowledge
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WEBWEBknowledge
NetworkLearning Society
knowledge
knowledge
knowledge knowledge
knowledge
knowledge
WEBWEBknowledge
WEB WEB knowledge
WEBWEBknowledge
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knowledge knowledge
GlobalVirtual Learning
Community
Asia &
××School
StudentsBusinessmen
SeniorCitizens Children
Adults
AmericaOceania
Europe
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Future Network Learning SocietyFuture Network Learning SocietyFuture Network Learning SocietyFuture Network Learning Society
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