Circulatory System (in detail). 2 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Circulatory System (in detail)

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Parts of Circulatory System Heart

muscular pump that keeps blood moving throughout the system

Blood contains fluids, red blood cells,

white blood cells, and platelets

Blood vessels carry blood to all of the body

cells

Types of Blood Vessels Arteries

carry blood away from heart

Veins carries blood back to heart

Capillaries tiny blood vessels

(arteries) Gas exchange occurs here

The Heart

a muscular pump containing 4 chambers Made of cardiac muscle that does not tire,

unlike other muscles 2 smaller chambers at the top called atria

(singular atrium) 2 larger chamber at the bottom called

ventricles There are valves separating chambers

Valves prevent backflow of blood

Chambers of the Heart

1. Into vena cava2. Into right

atrium3. Down to right

ventricle4. Out pulmonary

artery to lungs¨ Gets O2 and

dumps CO2

5. Back to heart through pulmonary vein

6. Into left atrium7. Down to left

ventricle8. Out aorta to

body

Blood flow through the heart

Largest vein

Largest artery

http://sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/humanheart.html

A

B

C

D

E

F

HG

TO LUNGS

FROM LUNGS

TO BODY

FROMBODY

Two Main Parts of Circulatory System

Pulmonary CircuitBlood goes from

heart to lungs to pick up O2 and release CO2

Systemic CircuitBlood pumped out of

heart to the rest of the body (systems)

The path of the blood through the body is

HEARTLUNGSHEARTBODYHEART

Pulmonary Vein: Only vein that

carries OXYGENATED

blood

Pulmonary Artery: Only artery that

carries DEOXYGENATED

blood

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Blood flow through the body uses blood vessels

Arteries take oxygenated blood away from the

heartNo valvesBreak into capillaries

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Capillaries Very small vessels

Gases diffuse across very thin wall of small vesselsDumps off O2; picks up CO2

Carries oxygenated bloodNutrients and oxygen leave the blood and go

into the body tissue

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Veinstake deoxygenated blood back to heart

Have one-way valves

Blood flow through rest of body

http://sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/humanheart.html

Circulatory System Functions

1. Carry O2 to cells and CO2 away from cells

2. Deliver nutrients through body (after absorption in small intestine)

3. Carry wastes away from cells (H2O, salts, ions, urea)

4. Helps fight infections (immune system)5. Temperature regulation

Circulatory System and Homeostasis (Maintain O2/CO2 Levels)

When cells need more oxygen, sensors in the walls of major arteries send signals to brain stem (medulla/pons)

Medulla/pons coordinates with respiratory and circulatory systems to increase oxygen flow to cells and maintain homeostasis

Releases CO2 in process

Circulatory System and Homeostasis(Maintain Temperature…aka:

thermoregulation)

In cold environments, blood vessels constrict in arms/legs to keep the torso and brain warm THINK: Constrict = come together

In hot environments, blood vessels dilate (get bigger) and release excess heat.

Plasma

Red blood cell White blood cell

Platelets

Blood has 4 partsRemember: Blood is a CONNECTIVE tissue

contain hemoglobin and iron, which holds oxygen and carries it to cells that need it; can also remove some CO2

can change shape to squeeze through capillaries.

A disc that is round and flat

Red Blood Cells (Erthyocytes)

There are many different types!

Much bigger than RBC’s

Fight infection and used in immune

system

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

Platelets are bits of cell broken off larger cells.

Platelets produce tiny fibers to form a net. This net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot.

Platelets

A straw-colored sticky liquid that carries RBCs/WBCs cells and platelets; mostly water

Plasma

ADULT STEM CELL

Blood Disorders Anemia

Too little iron in blood, resulting in less ability to carry oxygen

Sickle-cell anemia misshaped RBC’s RBC’s get clogged in small capillaries Less ability to carry oxygen

Hemophilia genetic disorder that prevents clotting

Leukemia cancer of white blood cells