Chapter 4 Lesson 5 Physical Activity Injuries Objectives Identify weather-related risks associated...

Chapter 4 Lesson 5Physical Activity InjuriesObjectives

Identify weather-related risks associated with various physical activities.

Analyze strategies for preventing and responding to accidental injuries related to physical activity.

Identify physical activity injuries requiring professional health services for people of all ages.

Weather Related Risks

Temperatures can be extremely high or extremely low.

Factors like wind, humidity, and air pollution can increase your risk of injury.

Also pay attention for weather warning for tornados, thunderstorms, or blizzards.

Hot Weather Risks Heat Cramps – muscle spasms

that result from a loss of large amounts of salt and water through perspiration.

Heatstroke – a condition in which the body loses the ability to rid itself of excess heat through perspiration.

This causes Hyperthermia – a sudden increase in body temperature.

Overexertion – over working the body. This is related to hot weather problems.

Example is heat exhaustion, cold clammy skin, dizziness, headache, shortness of breathe.

Cold Weather Risks

Frostbite - a condition that results when body tissue becomes frozen.

Early signs called frost nip, this is when skin becomes white.

Hypothermia – a condition in which the body temperature becomes dangerously low.

The brain can not function and the body systems begin to shut down.

Cold Weather Risks, Protection

Dress in 3 layers1. Pull moisture away from

body.2. Provide insulation.3. To keep wind out. 70% of the body’s heat is

lost through the head. During cold weather

activities start slow and be sure to warm up your muscles.

It is just as important to stay hydrated in cold weather as warm weather.

Protecting yourself from the Sun

Sunburn – is the burning of the outer layers of the skin.

Prolonged exposure to the sun can speed up the skins aging process and increase the risk of developing skin cancer.

The most dangerous hours for UV exposure are from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.

Protecting yourself from the Sun

Cover as must as your body as possible when outside and wear broad-brimmed hats.

Use sunscreen and lip balm of at least 15 SPF.

Apply sunscreen 30 minutes before going outside and every 2 hours that you are in the sun.

Also put sunscreen on again after swimming.

Minor Injuries

Muscle Cramp – is a spasm or sudden tightening of a muscle.

Strain – a condition resulting from damaging a muscle or tendon.

Sprain – is a injury to the ligament surrounding a joint.

Treatment for Minor Injuries

R.I.C.E. Rest - avoid using the

affected joint. Ice – this helps to reduce

swelling. Ice for 20 minutes then remove for 20 minutes.

Compression – light pressure through the use of an elastic bandage can help to reduce swelling.

Elevation – Raise the affect limb above the level of the heart to reduce pain and swelling.

Major Injuries

Fracture and Dislocations – fractures are any break in a bone. Fractures require immobilization to heal. Dislocations are when a bone is forced from it normal position in a joint.

Tendonitis – condition in which the tendons are stretched and torn from overuse.

Concussion – is a result from a blow to the head and can cause swelling of the brain, resulting in unconsciousness or even death.

Lesson 5 Review Questions1. What is hypothermia? With which types of

weather is this condition often associated?

2. Analyze and describe strategies for preventing muscle soreness after a workout.

3. Identify which injuries described in this lesson require the attention of professional health services.