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CCOT Overview
• CCOT = Comparison of time periods
= Continuities & Changes
= Major Theme of Historical Analysis
= Cause & Effect essay
• Read the ? Carefully
• Determine: theme, areas, and time periods to compare
• Be flexible in your organization:
geographic region
PERSIA categories,
changes & continuities
chronologically
3 Parts:
• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion
Write a thesis statement that answers the following prompt:
Analyze the major social and cultural changes and continuities that have occurred in your life over the last ten years.
Practice CCOT
Prompt: Trace the social, political, & economic changes in Latin America from the Early Modern (1450-1750) to Modern Era (1750-1914)
1. Answer the prompt ; don’t just re-state it2. Be specific – state the specific changes and continuities
that occurred over the time period 3. Give the specific dates that they are asking you to discuss4. Support your thesis with accurate historical evidence; 5. Show CCOT using relevant historical facts; contrast this with
the starting date and what stayed the same 6. Answer All parts of the question7. Analyze the process of CCOT and explain how and why it
occurrs
•Analyze at least 1 reason for a change or continuity for each country or time period the prompt specifies
•Don’t just describe the change, spend some time explaining why the change/continuity occurred
Most effective if you use a cause & effect chain
“________ occurred because. ____ is significant because….”
• Support the thesis with relevant historical facts
• Contrast change against either the starting point or something that didn’t change
•If you have questions with multiple themes or geographic areas, you will also need to complete a chart for each area
• Actually doing a compare/contrast & CCOT essay
Use the time periods as your organizing principle
NAME: _____________________________________________________ PERIOD: _______ DATE: ________________CHART: CHANGE OVER TIMECOMPARISON THEMES (SCRIPTED):________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________TIME PERIODS: _____________________ _______________________ ________________________
THESIS
BEGINNING TIME PERIOD
Describe FirstTheme
Describe SecondTheme
Describe ThirdTheme
Comparison to Wider World
INTERIM TIME PERIOD
Key Changes and/or Continuities in each theme from previous period
Analyze the reasons for change or continuity
Comparison to Wider World
ENDTIME PERIOD
Key Changes and/or Continuities in each theme from previous periods
Analyze the reasons for change or continuity
Comparison to Wider World
CONCLUSION
Paragraph 2 = A whole paragraph of 3-4 sentences
Strongest Argument + Support
Paragraph 3 = A whole paragraph of 3-4 sentences
2nd Best Argument + Support
Paragraph 4 = A whole paragraph of 3-4 sentences
Weakest Argument + support
•Thesis must address ALL 3 pieces of info
• Note both changes & continuities
=
what remains the same?
what changes?
+ ++
Analyze BOTH differences & similarities
Connect the paper to the larger global process
specifically link the changes & continuities in the region discussed to a change somewhere else
Industrialization CCOT
Directions: You are to answer the following question: You should spend five minutes organizing or outlining your essay. Write an essay that:
• Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with appropriate historical evidence• Addresses all parts of the question• Uses historical context to show change over time and/or continuities• Analyzes the process of change over time and/or continuity
Describe and analyze the impact of industrialization from 1750 to 1914 on ONE of the following countries. Be sure to discuss continuities as well as changes.United KingdomChinaJapanRussiaOttoman Empire
Practice CCOT
Prompt: Trace the social, political, & economic changes in Latin America from the Early Modern (1450-1750) to Modern Era (1750-1914)
Thesis
3 Body Paragraphs
1 for each tm pd
topic sentences for each paragraph
connectors to explain change/continuity
Conclusion
Sample Continuity-Change-Over-Time Essay:
Directions: You are to answer the following question. In writing your essay, you should use the first 5 minutes planning your essay. Your essay should:
• Have a relevant thesis supported by appropriate historical evidence.
• Answer all parts of the question.
• Use historical context to show change and/or continuity over time
Explain how the globalization of commerce brought about major changes over time among the peoples of two of the regions listed below between 1450 and 1750. Note major developments, exchanges, shifts of power, and demographic changes.
• Eurasia
• Africa
• The Americas
Major Developments: You might include the following topics in your discussion about the globalization of commerce between 1450-1750
• Scientific Revolution
• Acceleration of change, cultural diffusion
• Columbian Exchange
• Transoceanic linking of major regions
• Shift in trade routes from the Mediterranean to Atlantic
• Globalization of trade
• Spanish conquer/colonize Central/South America
• British in North America
• Dutch & Portuguese in Africa, Asia, and island nations
• Global demand for Asian goods
• Global demand for African slaves
• Capitalism emerges as dominant system for
Organizing labor
Production
Trade
• Urbanization
Exchanges
• Europe to Americas:
slavery, plantation system
Disease
Genocide
Plants: wheat, melons, grapes
Animals: cattle, pigs, goats, chickens, donkeys, horses
Western clothing
Carpentry, locksmithing
Wheeled vehicles
Organized education
Christianity, specifically Roman Catholicism
Spanish, Portuguese, & English language and culture predominated
Africa to Americas
• Plants: bananas, coconut palms, coffee, sugar cane, okra
• Farming methods
• Cooking styles
• Ironworking
• African languages and culture
Americas to Europe
• Gold
• Silver
• Other jewels
• Plants: corn, beans, squash, tomato, chocolate
Europe to Asia
• Cartography
• Astronomy
• Mathematics
• Plants: corn, potatoes from Andes Mts.
• Christianity, specifically Roman Catholicism
Asia to Europe
• Guns
• Gunpowder
• Silk
• Porcelain
• Metalwork
• Block printing
• Paper
Shifts of Power
• Spain = most powerful European country
Conquered/colonized Americas
Seized Philippines (link to Asia)
Gold and silver from the Americas disrupted the economy, price revolution
• Portuguese power declined globally
• Chinese
Ming Dynasty’s power declined
Qing Dynasty’s power rose
• French power declines in
India
Africa
North America
• African power declined = negative effects of the slave trade
• British power rose in
India
Africa
• European competition in the Caribbean, North America, & Africa
Dutch
French
Spanish
English
Demographics
• Slave trade ravages African populations
• Enslaved Africans transported to Americas
• Catastrophic decline of Native Americans
Genocide
Enslaved
Disease
• Migration of Europeans to Americas
• Global population increases
Agricultural Revolution, higher food production
Better crops
More known about disease
Other Points to Consider
Mercantilism
• Mother country must export more than it imports
• Colonies provide
Resources
Raw materials
Markets for goods exported from the mother country
• European effort to control & manage
Regulation of trade
Selling of trade monopolies
Establishment of protective tariffs
Economic Changes in Europe
• Upsurge in prices (price revolution)
• Population increase
Greater demand for goods
More need for services
Urbanization
• Rise of modern capitalism
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