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By: Brian
Period 5
11-12-04
Pre-Cambrian
Cenozoic
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
•Pre-Cambrian
•Cambrian
•Ordovician
•Silurian
•Devonian
•Mississippian•Pennsylvanian•Permian
•Triassic
•Jurassic
•Cretaceous
•Tertiary
•Quaternary
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Pre-Cambrian Era
Began: 4600 million years ago (mya)Ended:570 myaDuration of Time: 4030 million years (my)
• Pre-Cambrian Era makes up about 90% of Earth’s history.• Earth developed, forming mountains, seas, the atmosphere,
and the origins of life.• Fossils are rare because many of them were soft bodied
animals.• Fossils did not preserve well anyway because many of the
rocks formed in the Pre-Cambrian Era were igneous rocks and objects do not preserve well in igneous rocks.
• Most fossils were single-celled organisms.
Navigational Era SlideExit Project
Pre-Cambrian Organisms
Medusina mawsoni, Jellyfish
Spriggina Floundersi, Segmented Worm
Navigational Era SlideExit Project
Anthozoa Coral
Paleozoic EraThe Age of Invertebrates Began: 570 myaEnded: 225 myaDuration of Time: 345 my
Cambrian Period
Devonian Period
Silurian Period
Ordovician Period
Permian Period
Pennsylvanian Period
Mississippian Period
Navigational Era SlideExit Project
Cambrian Period
Began: 570 myaEnded: 500 myaDuration of Time: 70 my• All organisms lived in the sea.• The Burgess Shale was formed in this period and has well
preserved fossils such as worms and other soft bodied organisms.
• Trilobites, crab-like bottom scavengers, were the most common fossils of the period.
• Brachiopods, clam-like organisms, are the 2nd most common organism in the Cambrian Period.
Paleozoic Era Slide
Cambrian Organisms
Fossilized Algae
Trilobite
Paleozoic Era SlideBrachiopod
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Ordovician Period
Began: 500 myaEnded: 425 myaDuration of Time: 75 my
• Hard-shelled animals develop.• Ordovician seas over North America deposit many
sediments forming sedimentary rock.• Lava flows were common in Europe and North
America.• A warm climate was common in the Northern
Hemisphere, but it was colder in the Southern Hemisphere.
Paleozoic Era Slide
Ordovician Organisms
Favistella
Bryozoans
Paleozoic Era Slide
Rugosa Coral
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Silurian Period
Began: 425 myaEnded: 405 myaDuration of Time: 20 my
• Plants appear. Oldest plant fossils found in the Silurian Period are found in Australia.
• Mountains were developed by lava flow in Britain and Scandinavia.
• Salt deposits form in the New York, Ohio, and Michigan area.
• Tectonic plates start to form Pangea.
Paleozoic Era Slide
Silurian Organisms
HalysiteEuryptid Eurypterus
Paleozoic Era Slide
Echinoderm
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Devonian Period
Began: 405 myaEnded: 345 myaDuration of Time: 60 my
• First land animals appear. The majority of them are amphibians.
• Spiders and insects also appear.• New English and Canadian mountain building occurs. White
Mountains form in Alaska
Paleozoic Era Slide
Devonian Organisms
Bothriolepis
Dinichthys
Paleozoic Era Slide
Cladoselache
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Mississippian Period
Began: 345 myaEnded: 310 myaDuration of Time: 35 my
• Named for limestone bluffs on the Mississippi River. • Middle North America was submerged under seas• Amphibians develops even more• Extensive submergence of the continents.
Paleozoic Era Slide
Mississippian Organisms
Onychaster, Mississippian Starfish
Cephalapod
Paleozoic Era Slide
Edophosaurus
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Pennsylvanian Period
Began: 310 myaEnded: 280 myaDuration of Time: 30 my
• Coal-forming swamps in North America and Europe grow.• Reptiles appeared from amphibian ancestors. They lived on
land.• Amphibians still grow in numbers.• Fossils of reptiles are numerous in shales in Kansas.
Paleozoic Era Slide
Pennsylvanian Organisms
Branch of a Cordaite
An illustrated Diplovertebron
Paleozoic Era Slide
Lepidodendron
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Permian Period
Began: 280 myaEnded: 230 myaDuration of Time: 50 my
• Appalachian and Ural mountains form.• South America was in an ice age for the majority of this
period.• Salt forming deserts develop in the Western U.S.• Brachiopods, trilobites, bryozoans, and many other
dominant species died out by now.
Paleozoic Era Slide
Permian Organisms
CooperocerasMesosaurus
Paleozoic Era Slide
Diplocaulus
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Mesozoic Era The Age of ReptilesBegan: 230 myaEnded: 70 mya Duration of Time: 160 my
Triassic Period
Cretaceous Period
Jurassic Period
Navigational Era SlideExit Project
Triassic Period
Began: 230 myaEnded: 180 myaDuration of Time: 50 my
• The Palisade Mountains are formed in California.• Volcanism in New England and New Jersey.• Reptiles flourish in this period.• Forests of conifers and cycads appear.
Mesozoic Era Slide
Triassic Organisms
PlateosaurusSaltoposuchus
Mesozoic Era Slide
Kannemeyeria
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Jurassic Period
Began: 180 myaEnded: 135 myaDuration of Time: 45 my
• First mammals and birds appear• Conifers and cycads become abundant• Western U.S. mountains such as Sierra Nevada's and Range
Mountains. The Great Basin was also formed• Many modern forms of insects appear.
Mesozoic Era Slide
Jurassic Organisms
CryptocleidusBrontosaurus
Mesozoic Era Slide
Stegosaurus
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Cretaceous Period
Began: 135 myaEnded: 70 myaDuration of Time: 65 my
• Andes and Rockies were formed. Mountain building in Antarctica and Northeastern Asia occurs.
• Many modern trees such as oak, beech, holly, and ivy appear.
• Dinosaurs and reptiles are the dominant species.• Also marks the end of the dominance of dinosaurs and
reptiles.
Mesozoic Era Slide
Cretaceous Organisms
Brachiosaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Mesozoic Era Slide
Triceratops
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Cenozoic PeriodThe Age of MammalsBegan: 70 myaEnded: TO THE PRESENTDuration of Time: 70 my (so far)
Tertiary Period
Quaternary Period
Navigational Era SlideExit Project
Tertiary Period
Began: 70 myaEnded: 1.8 myaDuration of Time: 68.2 my
• The Alps in Europe rose.• Primates, horses, and human-like organisms appear.• Many mammals take on their modern day appearance.
Cenozoic Era Slide
Tertiary Organisms
Diatryma
Notharctus
Cenozoic Era Slide
Hyracotherium
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Quaternary Period
Began: 1.8 myaEnded: TO THE PRESENT Duration of Time: 1.8 my (so far)
• Ice age covers most of the Northern Hemisphere in continental ice caps.
• First humans appear.• Civilization begins in the Quaternary Period.
Cenozoic Era Slide
Quaternary Organisms
Human Skeleton, Neanderthal
Wooly Mammoth
Cenozoic Era Slide
Bison
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Thank YouThank You
I hope you enjoyed my Geologic Time Project.I hope you enjoyed my Geologic Time Project.
Ice Age
Exit Presentation Navigational Era Slide
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