Author: José María Abad, PhD Speaker: Daniel Pérez,...

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Author: José María Abad, PhD

Speaker: Daniel Pérez, PhD

• Introduction

• Methods of synthesis of metallic nanoparticles

• Nitparticles Brand of Nanoimmunotech.

Outline

The Scale of things

The nanoparticles are 1,000

times smaller than the tip of a

human hair Credit: Harvard Medical School

Sizes and shape of different nanoparticles. This cartoon shows the morphology of nanoparticles.Source: Moresco & Masserine 2012.

Nanoparticles as building blocks for bottom-up technology.

Nanorex, Inc.

Nanoparticles posses unique optical,

electronic, magnetic properties due to

mechanical quantum effects.

Figure 1 (a and b)

The Lycurgus Cup 1958,1202.1 in reflected (a) and transmitted (b)

light. © The Trustees of the British Museum

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

image of a silver-gold alloy particle within

the glass of the Lycurgus Cup. © The

Trustees of the British Museum.

The Lycurgus Cup – A Roman

Nanotechnology (IV century A.D.)

Freestone, I. et al. Gold Bulletin 2007 • 40/4, 270-277

Nanotechnology is not new, it has been employed for over a thousand years!

Medieval Stained glass windows.

Nanotechnology is not new, it has been employed for over a thousand years!

Medieval Stained glass windows.

In 1857, Michael Faraday (1791-1867)

reported that the "ruby fluids" found as

a byproduct of the reduction of gold

chlorides by phosphorus were

suspensions of metallic gold particles

too small to be visible in even the most

powerful microscopes of his time. He is

thus justly famed as the first to

discover metallic gold "colloids“.

Slide that Faraday used in his lecture on gold

sols, in 1858. Image © the Whipple Museum

(Wh.0654).

In 1908, Gustav Mie (1869-1957) using Maxwell´s electromagnetic

theory, provided a theoretical treatment of plasmon resonance

absorption of Gold colloids. The sharp absorption bands depend on the

particle size and explain the change in colour that occurs as the size of

the colloid is increased from 20 to 1600 nm.

In 1908, Gustav Mie (1869-1957) using Maxwell´s electromagnetic

theory, provided a theoretical treatment of plasmon resonance

absorption of Gold colloids. The sharp absorption bands depend on the

particle size and explain the change in colour that occurs as the size of

the colloid is increased from 20 to 1600 nm.

Approaches for synthesis of nanopartícles

Methodologies for synthesis of nanopartícles

Methodologies for synthesis of nanopartícles

O O

O

O

O

O

O O

COO- COO-

COO-

COO-

COO-

COO- COO-

- OOC

- OOC

- OOC - OOC

- OOC

- OOC

• Turkevich-Frens method: yields nanoparticles > 5 nm diameter stabilized by

citrate ions in aqueous solution.

citrate

AuCl4- AuNPs

Bottom-up: Chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles

Turkevich, J.; Stevenson, P. C.; Hillier, J. Discuss. Faraday Soc. 1951, 11, 55-75.

• The Brust-Schiffrin Method: Two-Phase Synthesis and Stabilization by Thiols.

It yields nanoparticles < 5 nm diameter stabilized by thiols in organic phase

.

H2O

AuCl4- (aq) + N(C8H17)4

+ (C6H5Me) N(C8H17)4+ AuCl4

- (C6H5Me)

thiol NaBH4

Toluene

NaBH4

Thiol Toluene H2O

Bottom-up: Chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles

S

SSS

S

S

SS

SS S

Thioctic

acid Toluene

BrN

+R

R

R

R

Water

C

S

OHS

O

AgNPs AgNPs

• The Brust-Schiffrin Method: Two-Phase Synthesis and Stabilization by Thiols.

300 400 500 600 7000.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

(b)

(a)

Ab

so

rba

nc

e

Wavelength (nm)

(a)

(b)

“Nanoparticles remained unaltered with no loss caused by oxidation or photodegradation after 1 year”

Bottom-up: Chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles

• The Brust-Schiffrin Method: Two-Phase Synthesis and Stabilization by Thiols.

O

C

S

O

S

O

SC

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

C

SO

SO

C

S

O

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

TEM image of TA-derivatized gold nanoparticles after transfer into water.

Average diameter: (2.9 ± 0.8) nm

Thioctic acid-capped gold nanoparticles

Bottom-up: Chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles

Chemical vapor synthesis method for production of nanoparticles

Bottom-up: Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles

Bottom-up: Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles

Mechanical milling

Laser ablation synthesis Arc discharge synthesis

Physical methods

Mechanical milling

Laser ablation synthesis Arc discharge synthesis

Physical methods

• Gold clusters (0.8nm – 3nm).

Lipoic-Au cluster

O

C

S

O

S

O

SC

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

C

SO

SO

C

S

O

S

O

C

S

O

S

O

Tiopronin-Au cluster

Nanomaterials Commercialization Portfolio

• Gold Nanoparticles

NITgold Cit: Citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (3 – 100 nm)

NITgold COOH-PEG: COOH-PEG functionalized gold

nanoparticles

HOOC-

Nanomaterials Commercialization Portfolio

• Magnetic gold coated Nanoparticles

• Monodispersed Core-Shell Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles

Nanomaterials Commercialization Portfolio

• Gold Nanostars

• High quality Gold nanostars nanoparticles

Nanomaterials Commercialization Portfolio

• Silica-Coated NITgold Nanoparticles 25nm

Nanomaterials Commercialization Portfolio

• Gold nanoparticle bioconjugation kits

Nanomaterials Commercialization Portfolio

Thank you!

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