Anatomy and Physiology I Bones of the Pectoral Girdle And Upper Limb Instructor: Mary Holman

Anatomy and Physiology I

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

And

Upper Limb

Instructor: Mary Holman

Hyoid

Cranium

Face

ClavicleScapula

Sternum

Ribs

Humerus

Ulna

Hip bone

Radius

Femur

Patella

Tibia

Fibula

TarsalsMetatarsalsPhalanges

Skull

Vertebralcolumn

Carpals

Metacarpals

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Fig. 7.15a

Axial Skeleton

AppendicularSkeleton

Axial Skeleton• Skull 22 bones

– 8 cranial bones– 14 facial bones

• Middle ear bones 6 bones

• Hyoid 1 bone

• Vertebral Column 26 bones– 7 cervical vertebrae– 12 thoracic vertebrae– 5 lumbar vertebrae– 1 sacrum– 1 coccyx

• Thoracic Cage– 24 ribs 25 bones

– 1 sternum

Table 7.3

Total = 80 axial bones

Appendicular Skeleton

• Pectoral Girdle

• Upper Limbs

• Pelvic Girdle

• Lower Limbs

Total = 126 appendicular bones

The Pectoral Girdle

• Composed of 4 parts– 2 scapulae (shoulder blades)– 2 clavicles (collar bones)

• Does not form a closed ring

• Supports the upper limbs

• Attaches some of the muscles that move the upper limbs

Articulation = Joint

The junction of two or more bones

Proximal = closer to core of bodyDistal = further from core of body

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Sternum

CostalcartilageRib Scapula

Humerus

UlnaRadius

Clavicle

Coracoid process

Head of humerus

Acromion processAcromial endSternal end

Fig. 7.40a

Pectoral Girdle and itsArticulations

Anterior View

Fig 7.15b

Right Clavicle

From: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 9th Ed. Pg 219

Superior View

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Acromionprocess

Coracoidprocess

SpineGlenoidcavity

Suprascapularnotch

Superiorborder

Supraspinousfossa

Infraspinousfossa

Fig. 7.41a

Right Scapula Posterior Surface

Inferior angle

Posterior View

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Acromionprocess

Coracoidprocess

Spine

Glenoidcavity

Supra-glenoidtubercle

Infra-glenoidtubercle

Fig. 7.41b

Right Scapula Lateral View

Lateral View

AnteriorPosterior

Lateral (axillary) border

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Coracoidprocess

Acromionprocess

Glenoidcavity

Lateral(axillary) border

Subscapularfossa

Medial(vertebral)border

Fig. 7.41cRight Scapula Anterior Surface

Suprascapular notch

Superior border

Anterior View

Anatomical Position

Skeletal system Muscular system

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Permission required for reproduction or display.

Fig. 7.42a

Carpals

Metacarpals

Phalanges

Humerus

Ulna

Radius

Right ArmAnterior Views

Palm Anterior

Palm Posterior

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Lateralepicondyle

Medialepicondyle

Capitulum

Coronoidfossa

Trochlea

Deltoid tuberosity

HeadIntertuberculargroove

Lesser tubercle

Greater tubercle

Anatomicalneck

Surgicalneck

Fig. 7.43a

RightHumerus

Anterior Surface

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LateralepicondyleMedial

epicondyle

Trochlea

HeadGreater tubercle

Olecranonfossa

Anatomicalneck

Surgicalneck

Fig. 7.43b

Right HumerusPosterior Surface

Medial Lateral

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Styloid process

Ulnar notch of radius

Styloid process

Head of ulna

Ulna

Radius

Radial tuberosity

Head of radiusCoronoid process

Trochlear notchOlecranonprocess

Fig. 7.44a

RightRadius

and Ulna

Anterior view

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Olecranonprocess

Trochlearnotch

Coronoidprocess

Radialnotch

Fig. 7.44b Ulna - Proximal End

Lateral view

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Olecranonprocess

Head of radius

Neck of radiusUlna

Olecranonfossa

Humerus

Fig. 7.42c Right Elbow - Posterior View

Medial Lateral

Elbow Joint Medial View

Proximal EndDistal End

From: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 9th Ed. Pg 224

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(a)

UlnaRadius

Metacarpals(metacarpus)

Carpals(carpus)

543

2

1

Fig. 7.45a

Right Hand

Anterior View(palm up)

Base

Shaft

Head

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Distalphalanx

Middlephalanx

Proximalphalanx

(b)

UlnaRadius

54 3

2

1

Fig. 7.45b

Carpals - 8

Right Hand

Posterior View

Phalanges (phalanx)

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UlnaRadius

Carpals (8) (carpus) Right HandFig. 7.45a

Anterior View(palm up)

1 23

45

678

1. Scaphoid2. Lunate3. Triquetrum4. Pisiform5. Hamate6. Capitate7. Trapezoid8. Trapezium

“So Long Top PartHere Comes The Thumb”

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© Ed Reschke

Fig. 7.45c

RadiographRight HandPosterior View

Fig. 9.31b

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Biceps brachiiShort headLong head

Origin: Short head - Coracoid process of scapula Long head - Tubercle aboveglenoid cavity of scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosityand aponeurosis

Action: Flexes forearm atelbow and rotates arm laterally

Fig. 9.31a

Fig. 9.29a

Deltoid

Origin: Spine andacromion of scapula, &clavicle Insertion: Deltoidtuberosity of humerus

Action: Abducts,extends and flexes arm.

Anterior

Posterior