Air Conditioning and Refrigeration B asics Don Gulliver February 9, 2013

Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Basics

Don GulliverFebruary 9, 2013

Introducing …Yacht Systems Services, Inc.

Systems Approach Marine electrical and electronics Corrosion control Sanitation systems Air conditioning and refrigeration

Industry-certified and factory trained staffAll technicians are ABYC certified14 years in business

Introducing …Don Gulliver

30 years of experience in military, commercial and recreational marine systems (design, maintenance and repair)

ABYC certified Master Technician Marine electrical Marine air conditioning and refrigeration Marine corrosion

What is ABYC?

American Boat and Yacht CouncilWrites the industry standards for construction

and repair of recreational vessels.Trains and certifies marine service

professionalsVisit www.abycinc.org for certified technicians

What we will coverAC & Refrigeration Basics

ComponentsTheoryApplication –

installation/operation/maintenanceTroubleshooting

Refrigeration Components

Compressor Condenser Metering device (capillary tube) Evaporator Reefer/freezer box

RefrigerationTheory (only as much as a boat owner needs to know)What is refrigeration?

Removal of heatThe refrigeration cycle

Refrigeration Installation

Power considerations Amp-hour requirements Battery sizing Wiring

One step up on gauge size Circuit protection device

Controls Digital or analog

Refrigeration Installation

Condenser Air to air Water to air Keel cooler

Ducting Remove the heat!

Refrigeration Installation

Equipment locations Compressor/condenser Evaporator Reefer/freezer box

InsulationOpeningsAir circulation

Linesets & Charging

Refrigeration Operation

Temperature settings Refrigeration Freezer

Refrigeration Operation

Monitoring run-timeMonitoring amp-hour usageImproving performance

Box load Seals Circulation Ice assist

Refrigeration Troubleshooting

Poor cooling performance Can’t maintain temperature Cools box intermittently

Compressor not runningEffects of Over/Under ChargingUneven cooling in box

Refrigeration FAQ’s

Does frost inhibit cooling? Cooling Load

Why does the box frost up? Low pressure in the box

What to do if unit is not cooling normally? Turn it off!

Is my system working at peak performance? Instrumented tests

Air ConditioningWhat is air conditioning?

Modifying sensible temperature Controlling humidityRemoving pollutants

Air ConditioningComponents

The refrigerant loop Compressor, condenser, capillary tube, evaporator

The seawater loop Seacock, strainer, heat exchanger, discharge

Air flow Blower, ducting, vents, filter

Air ConditioningComponents

Electrical Power

120/240 Amperage Start Up demand

Controls Analog Digital

Air ConditioningTheory – Again, abbreviated explanationThe refrigeration cycleCooling – How it works

Removing humidity (latent heat) Removing heat (sensible)

Heating – How it works Electric strip heat Use of reverse cycle heating

Air ConditioningInstallation

Sizing system “Sailboat” cool “Sportfish” cool

Remote (split) or self contained system? Noise Space requirements

Air ConditioningInstallation

Power Amperage/wattage

30A or 50A? How does this affect the rest of the boat?

A/C with water heaters, microwaves, etc Linesets & Charging

Self Contained Remote (split) Systems

Air ConditioningInstallation

Seawater Materials and types of components

Seacock, strainer, heat exchanger, discharge Air cooled or water cooled pump No brass or cheap plastics

Location of components

Air ConditioningInstallation

Ducting Duct type Size Routing

Bends Excesses Restrictions

Condensate Box or bilge?

Air ConditioningOperation

Monitor differential temperatureRun timeSet-point selection

Air ConditioningMaintenance

Keep it clean! Strainer Filter Condensate pan Condenser coil

Winterize Seawater system Condensate drain

Air ConditioningTroubleshooting

Circuit breaker tripsUnit is freezing upEffects of Over/Under ChargeHigh pressure faultLow pressure faultUnit not coolingSeawater pump not runningNo water flow

Questions?Don Gulliver

(757) 422-9689don@yssi.biz