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KENTUCKY2015
PHOTO: Pat McDonoghThe Courier-Journal, Louisvile, KY
OKLAHOMA CITY2013
Photo: News 9, Oklahoma City, OKwww.news9.com
ATLANTA
2014
PHOTO:Channel 11 News, http://archive.11alive.com/news/article/320140/0/Atlanta-area-weather-Snow-in-Georgia-Jan-28
Each year
1,312,000 crashes480,000 injured
6,250 killedU.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, “How Do Weather Events Impact Roads?”
April 9, 2015http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/weather/q1_roadimpact.htm
January 2014ALABAMA
NOAA, National Weather Service Forecast Office, Birmingham, Alabama, January 28, 2014http://www.srh.noaa.gov/bmx/?n=winter_01282014
9 deaths
731 accidents
WITCHITA FALLS, TEXAS 1979
11 of 16 who diedleft homes that were
undamaged
42 fatalities25 inside vehicles16 of 25 left their Homes to escape tornado
NOAA. National Weather Service Forecast Office, Norman OklahomaThe April 10, 1979 Severe Weather Outbreak by Don Burgess, National Severe Storm Laboratory [Ret.]
WHY?
PHOTO: NOAA, National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office, Birmingham, Alabamahttp;//www.srh.noaa.gov/images/bmx/significant_events/2014/snow_01282014/6.jpg
Uninformed?Misinformed?
Unduly optimistic?
Desensitized?
Panic stricken?Complacent?
PERSUASIONWORKS
WHEN
1. Driver receives WARNING message
MULTPLE CHANNELS
2. CLEARMESSAGE
a. Legibleb. Concisec. Cleard. Date/time
LANGUAGEConcrete
NOTABSTRACT
CONCRETE WORDSClearly understoodRefer to something that can be perceived with our senses
Smell natural gas if line breaksTaste hot chocolateFeel icy rainSound of tornado sirenSight of car pileup
CONCRETE WORDSin WEATHER
“Everyone in Tuscaloosa needsto be underground now.”
---Jim Cantore, April 27, 2011
ABSTRACT WORDSRefer to something that cannot be perceived with our senses
SafeCautionDangerRiskShelter
ABSTRACTLanguage is important in
certain contexts
“The public is more likely to trust and comply with
weather warnings if authorities give their
warnings as a probability estimate”
SOURCE: Society for Risk Analysis (SRA), ‘Bad Weather Warnings Most Effective if Probability Included, New Research Suggests.” Science Daily,January 27, 2015, ,www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150127104844.htm.>
EXAMPLESa. 30% chance of severe thunderstormsb. TOR-CON 3Scattered severe thunderstorms along and ahead of a cold front in MN, extreme east SD, extreme east ND, east NC\E, norhteast and north-central KS, northwest MO, west and central IA, northwest WI, extreme west upper MI. TOR:CON – 3.
SOURCE: The Weather Channel, Dr. Greg Forbes, August 21, 2015,<www.weatherchannel.com>
ABSTRACT WORDSin WEATHER
“You need to be in your safe place.”
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
use judiciouslyi.e., motivate drivers to change behavior
by creating unpleasant
psychological tensionJ. Dan Rothwell, In the Company of Others, An Introduction to Communication
Mayfield Publishing Company, 2000 p. 502
PHOTO SOURCE: www.srh.noaa.gov
If you are stuck in gridlock
during the storm, who
will take care of your
(AP PHOTO: David Tulis
best friend?
PHOTO SOURCE;https://daybreaksdevotions.wordpress.com /2015/03/02/daybreaks-for-30215-and-so-we-wait/
If you’re
stuck in gridlock and
PHOTO SOURCE: history.howstuffworks.com+snowstorm&client=safari&hl=en&source=Inms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAoQ_AUoA2oVCh
MI9eGhpPOkyAIVwhY-Ch1fmQHo&biw=1024&bih=672#imgrc=mDsvRZqQoaiNRM%3A
your daughter is injured while sled
ridingPHOTO SOURCE: Mass Live,
http://media.masslive.com/breakingnews/photo/2011/01/9186911-large.jpg
How will the
paramedics transport her to the hospital?
PHOTO SOURCE: University Corporation of Atmospheric Research, http://www2.ucar.edu
NEEDSSELFACTUALIZATION
SELF ESTEEM
LOVESAFETY
PHYSIOLOGICAL
FEAR1. Strong threat to loved one2. Communicator is respected3. Convince drivers threat is real4. Increasing fear increases response Steven A. Beebe, Susan J, Beebe, Diana K. Ivy, Communication Principles
for a Lifetime, (2007) Allyn and Bacon, p. 388
POSITIVEKnow what drivers valueWhat good things will happen if the
driver is not in gridlock?SAFE WITH FAMILYUNDAMAGED VEHICLEWARMRESTFOODSATISFACTION THAT S/HE IS NOT BLOCKING FIRST RESPONDERSROADS CLEARED SOONER
PHOTO SOURCE:Photo: Catherine Yeulet/istock
This Old House, http://img2-2.timeinc.net/toh/i/g/11/misc/11-fireplace-prep/00-fireplace-safety.jpg
CONTRAST
http://www.fordf150.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=5499
http://www.fordf150blog.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015-Ford-F-150-Blue-on-Road.jpg
PHOTO SOURCE: Ford Net Forum
PHOTO SOURCE: Ford 150 Blog
$33,130
2014 winter storms caused $2.3 billion in insured losses
PROPOSITION OF FACT
SOURCE: Insurance Information Institute, http://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/winter-storms
PHOTO SOURCE: The Reading Eagle, http://www.readingeagle.com/storyimage/RE/20131228/NEWS/312289976/AR/0/AR-312289976.jpg&q=80&MaxW=550&MaxH=400&RCRadius=5
PROPOSITIONS OF POLICY
PHOTO SOURCE: Hutchinson News,http://www.hutchpost.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/snowstorm.jpg
Driversshould stay
off theroadduringsevere weather
LOGIC AND EMOTION
BALANCEPHOTO SOURCE: NSSL,
http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/abouthistory/may3rd/PHOTO SOURCE: CNN, http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/31/living/pets-superstorm-sandy/
CLEAR THE ROADSso the ones who
need to get throughCAN GET THROUGH!
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