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Mauna Kea
Kohala
Hualālai
KīlaueaMauna LoaEast Rift Z
one
Sout
hwes
t Ri
ft Zo
ne
KīlaueaCaldera
Hilo
Kailua-Kona
Sout
hwes
t
Rift
Zone
Northeast
MokuʽāweoweoCaldera
EXPLANATIONAgecolor blocks indicate lava flowsunless noted otherwise
ka -thousands of years before present
Historic (A.D.)(1790-present)
200-400
400-750
750-1,500
1,500-3,000
3,000-5,000
5,000-10,000
>10,000
(years before present)Kīlauea Mauna Loa Mauna Kea KohalaHualālai
tephra deposit
tephra deposit
trachyte flow (113-92 ka)
Pololū Volcanics
(400-250 ka)
(230-120 ka)Hawī Volcanics
Hāmākua Volcanics
(237-81 ka)
Younger Member (65-4 ka)
Laupāhoehoe Volcanics
0 10km0 16mi
Pahala Ash (from Kīlaueaand possibly Maun Loa)
Sediment
Glacial deposit(Mauna Kea)
(Mauna Kea/ Kohala)
Slope map of Mauna Loa. Warmer colors indicate steeper slopes. Large, bold numbers record the average rates of e�usion (outpouring of lava) for the di�erent parts of the Mauna Loa volcano in millions of cubic meters per day (Mm3/d). By comparison, Kïlauea volcano erupts 0.5 Mm3/d. Historical lava �ows from Mauna Loa are shown in gray, and the numbers along the coastline indicate the approximate time that lava �ows took to reach the sea after the vent(s) opened high on the volcano. Map from Frank Trusdell (USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory).
Map shows the age and distribution of all lava flows on the surface. See map explanation.(data from US Geological Survey)
Lava Flows on the Island of Hawaiʽi
Kalapana
dashed lines are rift zones
Rift Zone
(25-10 ka)
Mauna Loa
Pu'u 'Ō'ōCrater
Pu'u 'Ō'ō Crater(active 1983-present)
vent
1859 flow
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