THE 12 PHILIPPINE MINOR BASILICASThe 12 churches that stand above the others.

Minor basilica (Latin: Basilica minor, Basilicae minores in plural) is a title given to some Roman Catholic churches. By canon law no Catholic church can be honoured with the title of basilica unless by apostolic grant or from immemorial custom.[1]

In relation to churches, writers on architecture use the term "basilica" to describe a church built in a particular style.

The early Christian purpose-built cathedral basilica of the bishop was in this style, constructed on the model of the semi-public secular basilicas, and its growth in size and importance signaled the gradual transfer of civic power into episcopal hands, which was under way in the 5th century.

In the 18th century, the term took on a canonical sense, unrelated to this architectural style. Basilicas in this canonical sense are divided into major ("greater") and minor basilicas. Today only four, all in Rome, are classified as major basilicas: the major basilicas of St John Lateran, St Peter, St Paul outside the Walls, and St Mary Major. The other canonical basilicas are minor basilicas.

1) Cathedral-Basilica of the Immaculate Conception,

Intramuros, Manila

Raised as Minor Basilica on April 27, 1981

The Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica (also known as the Cathedral-Basilica of the Immaculate Conception and informally as Manila Cathedral) is a prominent Latin Rite Roman Catholic basilica located in Manila, Philippines, honoring the Blessed Virgin Mary as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, the Principal Patroness of the Philippines.

Located in the Intramuros district of Manila, it was originally a parish church owned and governed by the diocese of Mexico in 1571, until it became a separate diocese on February 6, 1579 upon the issuance of a Papal bull by Pope Gregory XIII.

The cathedral serves both as the Prime Basilica of the Philippines and highest seat of the archbishop in the country. The cathedral was damaged and destroyed several times since the original cathedral was built in 1581. The eighth and current incarnation of the cathedral was completed in 1958.[2]

The Basilica has merited three Papal endorsements and two Apostolic visits from Pope Gregory XIII, Pope Paul VI and Blessed Pope John Paul II, who through the papal bull Quod Ipsum declared the cathedral a minor Basilica by his own Motu Proprio on April 27, 1981.[3]

The current-elect for the Apostolic Papal Nuncio of the Philippines is Archbishop Giuseppe Pinto. The cathedral serves as the highest seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of the Philippines, while the present Archpriest of the Basilica-Cathedral is Archbishop Luis Antonio Tagle, the de facto Primate of the Philippines.

The church was destroyed 7 times, and rebuilt 8 times, from it’s beginnings as a parish church (1571), to the present cathedral (1956).

Manila Cathedral 1.0: (1581-1588) damaged by fire; destroyed by typhoonManila Cathedral 2.0: (1591-1600) destroyed by earthquakeManila Cathedral 3.0: (1641-1645) destroyed by another earthquakeManila Cathedral 4.0: (1681-1751) became structurally unsound due to typhoons & earthquakes; had to be demolishedManila Cathedral 5.0: (1760-1852) destroyed by earthquake…againManila Cathedral 6.0: (1858-1870) destroyed by earthquake…for the nth time

Manila Cathedral 7.0: (1879-1945) casualty of war during the Battle for Manila

2) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Charity, Agoo, La Union

Raised to Minor Basilica status on July 15, 1982

The Franciscan priests Fr. Juan Baptista Lucarrelli and Fr. Sebastian Baeza established Agoo in 1578 when it was still a part of Pangasinan. The Augustinians later took over the mission in 1598. Agoo was named after a river whose banks were lush with pine-like trees called agoo.

The churches and convents of Agoo had the misfortune of always being razed by fire and one of these was said to be the best in the whole of Ilocos. Fr. Saturnino Franco (OSA) later restored one burned down church --- probably the one built at a place called Nagrugcan --- and also had a new convent built. In 1887, Fr. Casimiro Melgosa (OSA) had a bell tower built.

These structures were heavily damaged in the earthquake of 1892 and were repaired under the supervision of Fr. Aquilino Garcia (OSA) in 1893. The image of Our Lady of Charity was crowned in this church in 1971. The church was later demolished in 1975 to give way for the construction of the present bigger church.

The bell tower, the only remaining original structure, crashed during the earthquake of 1989. The church was elevated as a basilica minor in 1982 by Pope John Paul II.

3) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception,

Malolos, Bulacan

Raised to Minor Basilica on April 9, 1999

Malolos Cathedral, also known as the Basilica Minore dela Nuestra Señora de Inmaculada Concepcion (in Spanish) or Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception (in English), is the ecclesiastical seat of the Diocese of Malolos in the Philippines

The Augustinian missionaries, headed by Fr. Diego Ordonez de Vivar, arrived at barrio Canalate in June 1580. From a small chapel near Canalate River, a bigger church was built which was recognized in the records of the Augustinian chapter of 1580.

Due to the frequent submerging of its first location,they moved the church to another location facing Malolos River and created it as the center of the pueblo (the present location of the church). Augustinians placed under the mantle of the Immaculate Conception. When the then District of Malolos was created an independent town from its mother town Bulakan,

Malolos Church was made as the town parish in 1673 with Fr. Francisco Lopez as its curate. Initially built from light materials, the church and convent were enlarged by Fr. Roque Barrionuevo in 1691. In 1734, the church was built with stronger materials by Fr. Fernando Sanchez. Fr. Juan Meseguer finished this project in 1740 and Fr. Jose de Vivar applied the finishing touches in 1753.

However, both the church and the convent were destroyed by fire in 1813. The construction of the present church begun in 1819 with Fr. Melchor Fernandez. This prolific builder was also responsible for the addition of arches to the convent; the fortification of the belfry (to accommodate the installation of a clock); and the construction of the bridge connecting Malolos with Barasoain.

However, the buildings were destroyed by a strong earthquake in 1863. Fr. Ezekiel Merino undertook the reconstruction of the collapsed structures which lasted until 1872. Another severe earthquake took place in 1880 which destroyed the convent. Fr. Juan Tombo began the restoration of the convent in 1883. It was completed in 1884 by Fr. Felipe Garcia.

4) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Penafrancia, Naga City, Bicol

Raised to Minor Basilica on December 11, 1987

The Peñafrancia Basilica Minore is located on the outskirts of Naga City in the Bicol Region of the Philippines. The Image of Our Lady of Peñafrancia is enshrined in her sanctuary at the Basilica Minore, Balatas Road Naga City. The current rector is Rev. Msgr. Rodel Cajot, PC, STD, appointed in 2011.

5) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Piat, Piat, Cagayan

Raised to Minor Basilica on March 10, 1997

The Basilica of Our Lady of Piat (Basilica Minore Nuestra Señora de Piat) is one of the only twelve Minor Basilica in the Philippines. It is located in the outskirts of Piat in the province of Cagayan. The shrine is dubbed as the Piligrimage Center of the North, and a home to the 407 year old Black Virgin Mary, Our Lady of Piat.

The history of Our Lady of Piat dates back in 1604 when a black image of the Virgin Mary with the infant Jesus on her left arm was brought to the Philippines from Macau by the Dominican friars.[1] It was originally called the Nuestra Señora dela Santissimo Rosario (Our Lady of the Holy Rosary).[2]

The image was brought to Lal-lo, Cagayan(then the Episcopal See of Nueva Segovia) to be known by the Cagayanos. The image was also brought to Piat, and Tuguegarao in 1622. During the visitation, it was replaced by a more beautiful image from Manila but the people demanded that the original image be returned to them so it was brought back to Piat and was enthroned in a small sanctuary.

6) Minor Basilica of San Lorenzo Ruiz, Binondo, Manila

Raised to Minor Basilica on July 23, 1992

In 1596, Dominican priests founded Binondo church to serve their Chinese converts to Christianity as well as to the native Filipinos. The original structure has sustained damages during wars and various natural disasters. The current granite church was completed on the same site in 1852 and features an octagonal bell tower which suggests the Chinese culture of the parishioners. The church was burned during the British invasion of 1872.

Another one was quickly built following the occupation. Improvements were made in the 18th century but the edifice was again destroyed in the 1863 earthquake. It was rebuilt in the grandeur the remains on which we see today. Before the war, it was considered as one of the most beautiful churches in the country. Its bell tower was composed of five stories, octagonal in shape. At its top was a mirador (viewing window).

This roof was destroyed during the 1863 earthquake.American bombing on September 22, 1944 destroyed the structure. Everything including the archives of the parish were burned. Nothing was left behind except the stone walls of the church and the fire-tiered octagonal belltower. After the war, Binondo parishioners had to make do with a roofless church for several years until it was rebuilt in the 1950's.

The present church and convent was renovated between 1946 and 1971.

7) Minor Basilica of San Sebastian, Quiapo, Manila

Raised to Minor Basilica on 1890

The Basilica Minore de San Sebastian is a fine representative of the Gothic revival in the Philippines. The basilica is mixed with 19th-century innovations in church construction, architecture, and art. It takes pride as the only all-steel basilica in the world. The church is under the administration of The Order of the Augustinian Recollects, located at Legarda St. Quiapo, Manila. It was designed by Gustave Eiffel, the same architect with the Eiffel tower in Paris.

8) Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Batangas

City, Batangas

Raised to Minor Basilica on February 13, 1948

According to its marker, the church was originally built in 1581 by Fr. Diego Mojica, an Agustinian friar and pastor of Calapan, Mindoro.  The church was dedicated to Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception.The foundation stone of the second church was laid in the year 1601, and construction was carried out from 1682-1721.

In 1693, a convent was added, along with some artillery to ward off marauding pirates.  The 2nd church was torn down after 179 years.In 1851, Fr. Pedro Cuesta had the current chuch constructed.  It was blessed on the 2nd of February 1857, and designated as a Minor Basilica on the 13th of February 1948.  It church celebrated its centennial in 1957.

Upon entering, the foyer (also called the Narthex), one can glimpse the cavernous interior.  The ceiling above is a painting of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception.  The upper portion of the left wall is a painting of The Ascention. To the left of the painting is a spiral staircase that leads to the choir loft.(travelbuglogs.wordpress.com)

9) Minor Basilica of St. Martin de Tours, Taal, Batangas

Raised to Minor Basilica on October 22, 1948

Basilica de San Martin de Tours is a Minor Basilica in the town of Taal, Batangas in the Philippines. It is considered to be the largest church in the Philippines and in Asia, standing 96 metres (315 ft) long and 45 metres (148 ft) wide. St. Martin of Tours is the patron saint of Taal, whose fiesta is celebrated every November 11.

10) Minor Basilica of Sto Nino, Cebu

Raised to Minor Basilica on April 1, 1965

The church of Santo Niño de Cebu was founded by an Augustinian priest, Andrés de Urdaneta on April 28, 1565. The first church structure was built out of earth, hard wood and nipa in 1566 ordered by Friar Diego de Herrera. In 1735, Fernando Valdés y Tamon, the Governor of Cebu, ordered the church to be constructed of hard stone, which was built in the same spot were the previous church stood.

Construction was completed in 1739. In 1965, during the fourth centenary of the Christianization of the Philippines, Pope Paul VI elevated the church to the rank of minor basilica.The Basilica remains under the care of the Order of St. Augustine.

11) Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene, Quiapo, Manila

Raised to Minor Basilica on December 11, 1987

The Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene, also known as Saint John the Baptist Parish and informally known as Quiapo Church is a prominent Roman Catholic church Latin-rite Basilica located in the District of Quiapo, Manila, Philippines.

The church is reputedly famous for enshrining the Black Nazarene, a dark statue of Jesus Christ which many faithful claim to have miraculous powers. The parish belongs to the Archdiocese of Manila and is currently rectored by Rev. Msgr. Jose Clemente Ignacio.

12) Minor Basilica of St. Michael the Archangel, Tayabas, Quezon

Raised to Minor Basilica on October 18, 1988

Like most of the churches in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era, the first church of Tayabas was made of indigenous materials. In 1585 the church was constructed under the supervision of Franciscan friars with St. Michael the Archangel as its designated Patron Saint. in 1590, the church was repaired under the supervision of St. Pedro Bautista.

In 1600 the church was rebuilt using bricks but it was later destroyed by the 1743 earthquake. In a few years the church was again rebuilt into a bigger one to accommodate the growing number of worshippers in the province. It was once again expanded in 1856 with the addition of the transept and copula and in 1894 the brick tile roof was replaced with galvanized iron sheets.

On October 18, 1988 the title Minor Basilica was conferred by Pope John Paul II. It was proclaimed on January 21, 1989. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful churches in the Philippines.It’s clock is said to be the biggest and oldest clock in Asia. When looked on from above, the church looks like a key. That is why it is commonly called by townsfolks as Susi ng Tayabas.

The 12 Philippine Minor Basilicas are:

1) Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Intramuros, Manila2) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Charity, Agoo, La Union3) Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Malolos, Bulacan4) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Penafrancia, Naga , Bicol Region5) Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Piat, Piat, Cagayan

6) Minor Basilica of San Lorenzo Ruiz, Binondo, Manila7) Minor Basilica of San Sebastian, Quiapo, Manila8) Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Batangas City, Batangas9) Minor Basilica of St. Martin of Tours, Taal, Batangas10) Minor Basilica of Sto. Nino, Cebu11) Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene, Quiapo, Manila

12) Minor Basilica of St. Michael the Archangel, Tayabas, Quezon

The list accdg. to Blupanjeet (by raising date).

QUIZ!

A) Choose the correct basilica for each raising date.

March 10, 1997

April 27, 1981

1890

April 1, 1965

October 18, 1988

B) Each church is well-known for something. What Church is well-

known for…

1) Being the only all-steel basilica in the world?

2) Being rebuilt on the same site 8 times?

3) Being the largest church in Asia?

4) Having the oldest and biggest clock in Asia?

5) Containing a black miraculous image of Jesus Christ?

C. Determine which church altar is that of the Basilica pictured on the

top of the slide.

1)

2)

D) Miscellaneous QuestionsAnswers are on the slide after

each Question.

1) One rule of this basilica states that no other person except an

archbishop or bishop can have a funeral held in it. But, due to her importance to the people, Cory

Aquino became the 2nd president (next to Pres. Garcia) to have a funeral held here. Where was it

celebrated in?

2) The only basilica with the history of being destroyed by a

volcano.

3) This occasion happened in what basilica?

4) When the great explorer Ferdinand Magellan (Fernao Magallanes) visited Cebu, he gave Raja Humabon (Carlos when baptized) and Reyna Amihan

(Juana when baptized) a small statue of the Sto Nino, which now, is said to be miraculous. What church is said to be

the sanctuary of the statue, which survives to this day?

5) The church of San Nicolas Tolentino in Intramuros got

destroyed by the war. Devastated, the Augustinian Recollects relocated and built their new mother church somewhere in Quiapo. What is the

new church?

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