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© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
For Classroom Use Only!No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing from the Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University.
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
WORLD 1 – MODULE 1A Quest to Understand Where
Everything Comes From
LEARNING UNIT 3Appreciating Things from the Perspectiveof Complex Adaptive and Living Systems
Introduction to the Theoryof Complex Adaptive Systems and Living System
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
1) Complex Adaptive Systems and Living Systems Defined
2) Properties and Characteristics of Complex Adaptive Systems and Living Systems• Holarchic Structure• Open and Purposeful Systems• Adaptation, Self-Organization and Emergence• Sensitivity to Initial Conditions• System Adaptation and Evolution• Life Creativity
Lecture Outline
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
Defining Complex Adaptive Systems and Living Systems
Bacteria: Complex adaptive systems and living systems
A number of interacting elements capable of examining and responding to each other’s behavior using a set of rules that aim at improving their own behavior as well as the behavior of the overall system.
No centralized control mechanisms to coordinate behavior.
Non-linear processes and multiple intertwined feedback loops.
Crystals: Simple systems
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
Holarchic Structure
Cell Cell
Tissue
Organ
Body
Family
Community
Ecosystem
Bioregion
And so on…
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
Open and Purposeful Systems
Open Systems… …exchange information, matter, and energy with the environment (critical for adaptation and self-organization)
Purposeful Systems… …use feedback loops to achieve internal goals (such as homeostasis)
Source: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/Press_releases/2006/03_07_06.html
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
Adaptation, Self-Organization and Emergence
Adaptation (a property of the elements)Each element is able to learn and initiate structural changes in the face of changes in its environment.
Self-OrganizationThe spontaneous emergence of new structures and new forms of behavior in open systems far from equilibrium, characterized by internal feedback loops and described mathematically by non-linear equations.
Emergence (a property of the whole)The system exhibits properties and behaviors that are not present in the parts and cannot be deduced from the analysis of the parts.
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
Sensitivity to Initial Conditions: A Characteristic of all Chaotic Systems
Source: http://langley.atmos.colostate.edu/grp21.html
Chaotic system produces ordered structures and patterns
Lorentz Butterfly Effect
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
Bifurcation
Greater flexibility and creativity
More structural complexity
More degrees of freedom
Higher flows of matter, info, energy
Time
Life Conditions
New Life Conditions
Regression path
Surge to New Dynamic Stability
Extinction path
Critical point
Dynamic Stability/ Equilibrium
Chaos Phase- Outcome ???
Capacity
System Adaptation and Evolution
© 2012 Giordano Bruno GlobalShift University
“So the driving force of evolution, according to the emerging new theory, is to be found not in the chance events of random mutations, but in life’s inherent tendency to create novelty, in the spontaneous emergence of increasing complexity and order.”
~ Fritjof Capra, The Web of Life
Life Creativity
Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Paleoclimatology_CloseUp/paleoclimatology_closeup_2.php